Penyimpanan Biji Anggrek Coelogyne Spp. Untuk Konservasi Ex Situ

Coelogyne merupakan anggrek asli Indonesia yang mempunyai ukuran bunga relatif besar dan warna menarik. Penyimpanan biji Coelogyne perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga keragaman spesies tersebut. Percobaan penyimpanan biji pada tujuh spesies anggrek Coelogyne pada suhu -20oC telah dilakukan selama empat tahun di PKT KR–LIPI. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dengan faktor media yang diperlakukan pada masing-masing spesies Coelogyne. Empat macam media kultur yang digunakan untuk menguji perkecambahan biji adalah KCA (Knudson C), KC (modifikasi Knudson C), VW (modifikasi Vacin and Went), dan HS (modifikasi Hyponex). Uji viabilitas biji diamati setelah biji disimpan selama 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji Coelogyne spp. mampu berkecambah di empat media percobaan. Viabilitas biji Coelogyne spp. menurun dalam waktu tiga bulan, enam bulan, sembilan bulan, dan seterusnya tergantung pada spesies Coelogyne tersebut. Biji Coelogyne yang dapat disimpan selama 1–2 tahun adalah C. pandurata, C. asperata dan C. rumphii, sedangkan biji yang dapat disimpan selama tiga tahun adalah biji C. foerstermannii dan C. pulverula. Biji C.rochussenii dan C. celebensis dengan masa hidup yang singkat harus ditanam segera setelah panen, dan selanjutnya disimpan dalam bentuk kultur bibit in vitro atau biji sintetis melalui enkapsulasi protocorm

Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Kadar Pisang Dan Ubi Jalar Pada Pertumbuhan Kultur Tiga Jenis Phalaenopsis

The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of organic materials on the growth of Phalaenopsis zebrina, P. javanica and P. fuscata explants without roots in Knudson\u27s C medium with additional of coconut water. Observation were conducted for 10 months and the data were analyzed by ANOVA. The result showed that the survival ability of P. zebrina and P. javanica were only 3 months in KC medium with additional of coconut water (150 g/l), banana (50 g/l) and sweet potatoes (20 g/l), while P. fuscata grew further up to 10 months in all media. Additional of organic material: 150 g/l coconut water, 25 g/l banana and 15 g/l sweet potatoes in KC medium gave the best result on increasing the leaf and the shoot numbers, while additional of 150 g/l coconut water, 50 g/l banana and 20 g/l sweet potatoes to KC medium only increasing the root number of P. fuscata

Viability Tests On The Seeds Of Rafflesia Arnoldii R.br. And R. Patma Blume

Rafflesia is a holoparasite that is facing extinction in nature. The Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Gardens LIPI has been pioneering ex situ conservation using grafting methods. However, ex situ conservation using seed innoculation has been a challenge. Studies on the viability testing of Rafflesia seeds aims to provide viable seeds for supporting the ex situ conservation programs based on seed innoculation methods. In particular, the aims of our recent research were: (1) to investigate the morphological characters of the seeds; (2) to determine a method for viability testing the seeds. The seeds of R. arnoldii and R. patma were used in this research. Firstly, the morphological characters of the seeds were observed under a binocular microscope. The viability test using bioassay procedures was as follows: (1) reagent preparation; (2) pre-staining; (3) embryo exposure; (4) staining, and (5) assessment. The research resulted in: (1) morphological description of the characteristics of Rafflesia seeds, and (2) techniques for bioassay viability testing of Rafflesia seeds

Konservasi Paphiopedilum Supardii Braem& Loeb Dengan Metode Penyimpanan Biji Dan Perbanyakan Secara in Vitro

Paphiopedilum supardii Braem & Loeb is one of Slipper Orchids from Southeast Kalimantan, which is included in Appendix I of CITES. It is a rare orchid with restricted habitat endemic to Kalimantan, found growing at altitude of 600-900 m above sea level. In Indonesia, this species is categorized as the priority species for Conservation. The aim of this research is to conserve this orchid species through seed storage method in deep freezer at temperature of -20oC then sowing seed by in vitro propagation. Seed viability test was carried out in 0 day storage (without storage) as a control, then an interval of 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and still will continue until no longer able to germinate. Four different media cultures were used to test the germination in vitro culture. The result showed that the seeds of Paphiopedilum supardii were able to germinate in 4 different media i.e. Knudson C with micro nutrient (KCA), modified Knudson C (KC), modified Vacin & Went (VW) and modified Hyponex fertilizer (HS). Subculture for multiplication and rooting phase, based on the best germination medium. The germination test showed that Knudson\u27C medium with micronutrient (KCA) resulted on the best performance of greenprotocorm, while the other media showed the brown swollen protocorm. Unfortunately, KCA gave the lowest percentage of germination. Furthermore subculture for multiplication and rooting phase was the best in Knudson C medium with addition of micronutrient (KCA) and coconut water

Regenerasi Protokorm secara In Vitro dan Aklimatisasi Planlet Anggrek Cymbidium Hartinahianum J.B. Comber & Nasution

Cymbidium hartinahianum J.B. Comber & Nasution merupakan spesies anggrek asli Indonesia yang terancam punah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan formulasi media yang sesuai untuk multiplikasi protokorm dan metode aklimatisasi planlet C. hartinahianum. Pada tahap pertama multiplikasi protokorm, media Knudson C (KC) ditambah dengan naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 0,5 mg/l dikombinasikan dengan benzyladenine (BA) (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/l). Pada tahap kedua, digunakan thidiazuron (TDZ) (0, 0,1, 0,3, 0,5 mg/l). Induksi akar dilakukan dengan menggunakan media KCA dengan penambahan NAA atau indolebutyric acid (IBA) (0, 1, 3, 5 mg/l). Planlet diberi perlakuan hardening pada media KCA dengan perlakuan sukrosa (0, 20, 40 g/l) dan diinkubasi pada 16–18°C selama 1 bulan, kemudian dipindahkan ke 22–27°C selama 1 bulan, dan selanjutnya dipindahkan ke 27–29°C selama 1 bulan sebelum aklimatisasi. Sebanyak 3,1 tunas dan 11,16 protocorm-like body (PLB) (daya hidup 72%) dihasilkan dengan BA 5 mg/l. Penggunaan BA lebih dari 5 mg/l tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap kenaikan jumlah PLB. Perlakuan TDZ 0,3 mg/l menghasilkan 2,33 PLB (daya hidup 99,63%). Penggunaan TDZ lebih dari 0,3 mg/l menyebabkan kenaikan jumlah PLB. Induksi akar optimal pada perlakuan NAA 3 mg/l, namun jumlah akarnya tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Perlakuan hardening terbaik adalah inkubasi planlet pada media KCA yang ditambah gula 20 g/l di ruang kultur dengan suhu 16–18°C selama 1 bulan dilanjutkan dengan 1 bulan di ruang persiapan dengan suhu 22–27°C (daya hidup 44,6%)

Mikropropagasi Anggrek Alma Grammatophyllum Scriptum Blume

Grammatophyllum scriptum is a beautiful wild orchid that has an interesting economic value. However, the existence of this ornamental plant species is at risk because of irresponsible exploitation of the natural population and insufficient cultivation efforts. Currently, the Bogor Botanic Garden is developing a program of orchid propagation for enhancing the conservation of all potential orchid collections. The propagation of G. scriptum was basically carried out by culturing the seeds in a modified Hyponex or Vacin & Went medium, transplanting the plantlets into a more suitable medium and finally acclimatizing the resulting seedlings. A study was done to observe the effect of fertilizer application on the growth of acclimatized G. scriptum seedlings, as a means to improve the propagation technique of the species. The result showed that the application of 1 and 2 m1/I organic fertilizer (Sugih) as well as 1 and 2 g/I inorganic fertilizer (Hyponex) increased the seedling mortality, in which the application of 2 g/ml Hyponex fertilizer was being the most damaging treatment, leaving 12,5 % seedlings to survive. However, in terms of seedling growth, the application of 1 m1/I Sugih fertilizer was slightly beneficial to the formation of root and the elongation of stem of the acclimatized seedlings. It may be suggested, therefore, that G. scriptum seedlings require no (or very little amount of) supplementary fertilizer to boost their vegetative growth

Perkecambahan Biji Kantong Semar (Nepenthes Gracilis Korth.) Secara in Vitro

Mature seeds of a pitcher plant (Nepenthes grocilis Korth.) were cultured in seven different media, namely half strength MS medium, half strength MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA, 0.8 KC medium supplemented with coconut water + bean sprout extract, 0.8 KC + H3B03 + CuSO3 + ZnSO4 + coconut water + bean sprout extract, 0.25 KC + Vitamin (MS), HYPONeX + coconut water + sprout bean extract, and HYPONeX + potato extract. Each culture was incubated under light conditions. Young seedlings were subsequently transferred onto fresh media of 0.5 MS and 0.25 KC supplemented with 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/I GA3 after 15 weeks of sowing. Seed germination and seedling growth were observed weekly. It was noted that the seeds started to germinate in ten weeks after incubation and the highest seed germination was obtained in HYPONeX medium + potato extract. However, the appearance of the seedlings was better on MS media and KC media without organic compound than on the other media. Seedlings in all level of GA3 in half strength MS media and 0.25 KC media grew faster than those in media without GA3

Dinamika Populasi Pseudomonas Solanacearum pada Rizosfer Tanaman Bukan Inang

Bacterial wilt caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum is a main limiting factor in the production of tobacco. The objective of this study is to investigate the survival of P. solanacearum in the rhizosphere of presumed nonhost plants. The results indicated that in the sugarcane rhizosphere, the pathogen population decreased along with the time course. The bacteria could not infect the root of sugarcane. On the other hand, the pathogen could infect the root of Mimosa invisa, although the population also decreased along with the time course