Effects of zikr meditation and Jaw relaxation on postoperative Pain, Anxiety and physiologic response of patients undergoing abdominal surgery

The surgical experience and hospital environment is an anxiety-provoking event. Pain and anxiety are the most common distressing adverse effects in the early postoperative period. Routine pharmacologic Methods may impair the recovery of patients for their sedative and emetic effects. Therefore, patients’ relaxation is the cornerstone for a successful post operative pain & anxiety managements and it is among the interventions addressed to improve physiologic response. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of zikr meditation and Jaw relaxation on reducing postoperative pain, anxiety and physiologic response. the study hypothesized that Patients who practiced zikr meditation & Jaw relaxation exercise  in experimental group have less pain, anxiety and physiologic parameter than in control group & pre intervention .the study was conducted at  The findings of the present study showed that patients undergoing surgery who practice zikr meditation & jaw relaxation have significantly lower subjective indices of anxiety and pain, after following the guideline of Zikr meditation & jaw relaxation practice. However, the study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the physiological responses. These responses included the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate.  These findings imply a possible benefit of such guideline in improvement of the delivery of efficacious nursing management that decreases pain severity and anxiety for patient undergoing surgery. Therefore, zikr meditation & jaw relaxation therapy could be incorporated into clinical practice as a routine nursing intervention before and after abdominal surgery. Key words: zikr meditation, Jaw relaxation, Pain, Anxiety, physiologic response, abdominal surgery

SENSITIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACETYLCHOLINESTRASE INHIBITOR DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE IN PURE FORM AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS USING SULPHONPHETHALIN DYES

Objective: Four sensitive, selective, rapid, validated and easily reproducible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil hydrochloride (DNP) in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulationsMethods: The proposed methods are based on ion-pair complex formation between donepezil hydrochloride with four acidic (sulphonphthalein) dyes; namely bromocresol green (BCG), bromothymol blue (BTB), bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromocresol purple (BCP) which extracted into dichloromethane followed by the measurement of the yellow colored ion-pair complexes at 420, 413, 415 and 409 nm for DNP-BCG, DNP-BTB, DNP-BPB and DNP-BCP complexes, respectively.Results: Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 1.0-12 and 1.0-10 μg ml-1for (BCG or BCP) and (BTB or BPB) methods, respectively with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.16, 0.24, 0.19 and 0.25 μg/ml using BCG, BCP, BTB and BPB methods, respectively. The stoichiometry of the ion-pair complex formed between the dug and dye found to be (1:1) was determined by Job's method of continuous variations. Various analytical parameters have been evaluated and the results have been validated by statistical data.Conclusion: The proposed methods were validated in accordance with ICH guidelines and successfully applied to the determination of donepezil hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms. Statistical comparison of the results obtained by applying the proposed methods with those of the reported method revealed good agreement and proved that there was no significant difference in the accuracy and precision between the results.Â

Correlation between Patients' Satisfaction and Nurses' Caring Behaviors

Background: Patients have the right to expect Quality of care.  Nowadays, the patients' satisfaction is used as a criterion to measure the quality of care. However there are controversial results about the aspect of caring behaviors which mostly affects their patients' satisfaction. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between patients’ reports of nurse caring and patient satisfaction with nursing care. Patients and  Methods: A Cross-Sectional Survey was conducted at Mansoura University Hospitals  medical and surgical department in Egypt from November , 2013 to January  2014. The study population was adult patients who were admitted into the medical, surgical wards. In all  general medical units (three units with bed capacity 67beds  ) and all general surgical units  (five units bed capacity 108beds). Mansoura University Hospital provides a wide spectrum of health service  at delta region with total bed capacity about 1800 beds . A questionnaire  was used to gatherer data .Degree of satisfaction was measured by Patient Satisfaction Instrument (PSI) and quality of caring behavior was measured by quality of caring behavior inventory . Results : The findings indicated that female patients were more satisfied with nursing care than males. The surgical wards patients  were satisfied with the nursing care they received. Patient consideration appeared to be an area requires further improvement in order to enhance patients’ satisfaction particularly in the medical wards setting of this hospital. Main finding of our study is the negative correlation between nurses' caring behaviors (performance) and patients' satisfaction. (r=0.06, p> 0.05. Conclusion : Patients' satisfaction with nursing care  may be influenced by many variables further qualitative studies are recommended to fully capture the realities of these variables. Nurses can utilize the findings to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of nursing services and adopt necessary measures in enhancing quality of nursing care in order to increase patients' satisfaction. Keywords: Nurse ,Patient Satisfaction ,Caring Behaviors ,Quality of care

Hepatitis C Virus in Thalassemia

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is relatively low in children. However, seroprevalence rates of 10–20% have been reported among children who received repeated transfusion. The development and the severity of liver fibrosis are strongly related to the extent of the liver iron overload and to the presence of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). In CHC, liver iron overload has been suggested as a negative prognostic factor exacerbating inflammation with subsequent progression of liver fibrosis and decrease in antiviral therapy effectiveness. CHC may be suspected based on medical history or accidentally discovered abnormal liver functions. Hepatitis C is diagnosed by positive serology for viral antibodies and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect virus RNA. The treatment of HCV infection in children was difficult due to the limitations of pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin. In 2017, FDA approved the first direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for children including ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in the adult dose, 90/400 mg, to treat HCV in children and adolescents aged 12 years and older or weighing at least 35 kg. Similarly, giving half the adult fixed-dose of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, 45/200 mg, to children aged 6–11 years is still under clinical trials with promising results

Fraudulence Risk Strategic Assessment of Processed Meat Products

 A total of 450 samples of different meat products (luncheon chicken, luncheon meat, sausage, beef burger, minced meat, and kofta) were examined. Fifty samples of each type of product were collected from different supermarkets in Assiut City. All of the samples were analysed by different microscopy techniques (light, fluorescence, histochemical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) for the detection of meat adulteration. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used for general histological examinations. Different histochemical techniques were used to stain paraffinised sections. The adulterated tissues detected were the nuchal ligament, large elastic blood vessels, muscular artery, elastic fibers, lung, cardiac muscle fibers, tendon, spongy bone, bone of immature animals, adipose tissue, cartilage (hyaline and white fibrocartilage), and smooth muscle of visceral organs. SEM detected contamination of the minced meat by bacteria and yeast. Fluorescence microscopy was used as an effective method for the detection of bone and cartilage. Interestingly, the stained acidophilic cytoplasm of skeletal muscle changed to basophilic, and the skeletal muscle was suspected to be diseased. The findings of the present work provide qualitative evaluations of the detection of unauthorised tissues in different meat products using different effective histological techniques

Morphology of migrating telocytes and their potential role in stem cell differentiation during cartilage development in catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Telocytes (TCs) are present in a broad range of species and regulate processes including homeostasis, tissue regeneration and immunosurveillance. This novel study describes the morphological features of migrating TCs and their role during cartilage development within the air-breathing organ in Clarias gariepinus, the African sharptooth catfish. Light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to examine the TCs. TCs had a cell body and telopodes which formed 3D networks in the cartilage canals and extended their telopodes to become the foremost cellular elements penetrating the cartilage matrix. The TCs were also rich in lysosomes that secreted products to the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, TCs formed a homocellular synaptic-like structure that had a synaptic cleft, and the presynaptic portion consisted of a slightly expanded terminal of the telopodes which contained intermediate filaments and secretory vesicles. Gap junctions were also identified between TCs, which also connected to mesenchymal stem cells, differentiating chondrogenic cells, macrophages, apoptotic cells, and endothelial cells. In addition to describing the basic morphology of TCs, the current study also investigated migrating TCs. The TC telopodes acquired an irregular contour when migrating rather than exhibiting an extended profile. Migrating TCs additionally had ill-defined cell bodies, condensed chromatin, thickened telopodes, and podoms which were closely attached to the cell body. The TCs also expressed markers for MMP-9, CD117, CD34 and RhoA. In conclusion, TCs may play multiple roles during development and maturation, including promoting angiogenesis, cell migration, and regulating stem cell differentiation

Novel polysaccharide hybrid scaffold loaded with hydroxyapatite: Fabrication, bioactivity, and in vivo study

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. The main goal of this study was to produce a novel porous scaffold for rapid in vivo bone healing behavior. Lyophilization technique was used to produce this highly porous hybrid scaffold from Na-alginate (S) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) impregnated with different concentration of hydroxyapatite (HA). After cross-linking the scaffolds, their incubation was carried out in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 4 weeks at 37 °C to investigate their bioactivity. A number of techniques were employed (e.g., XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and texture analyzer) to characterize the designed scaffolds. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the scaffolds increase deformation energy (182 ± 16 J/m3) and rigidity gradient (19.44 ± 0.85 Pa) after loading with HA. Furthermore, the scaffolds were implanted in femur critical size defects (2 mm) of adult male Wistar rats for 6 weeks. In vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated impressive bioactivity and biocompatibility for the prepared scaffolds, especially those containing HA. Based on the obtained results we conclude that the designed scaffolds are promising solutions for bone regeneration applications

Effects of herbal supplements on milk production quality and specific blood parameters in heat-stressed early lactating cows

The present study explored the influence of supplemental herbal mixtures on cow milk production, quality, and blood parameters in dairy cows under high ambient temperatures. Thirty Holstein cows were randomly assigned into three experimental groups of 10 each. The first control group was supplied with the commercial basal diet, whereas two treatment groups were provided with the commercial basal diet supplemented with 50 and 100 g/head/day of the herbal mixture, respectively. The results showed that the mixture of herbal supplementation did not influence weekly milk production. Milk total fat, triglyceride, and total protein values were not affected (p < 0.05) in cows fed on basal diets supplemented with herbal mixture; however, milk cholesterol was decreased significantly by 100 mg/head/day of the herbal mixture. On the other hand, lactose has increased significantly by adding 100 mg/head/day of herbal mixture. Furthermore, the total cholesterol level in serum was decreased by adding 100 mg/head/day of the herbal mixture, while plasma prolactin, cortisol, GOT, and GPT were unaffected. Regarding fatty acids (C18, C18:1 (c9), 18:1 (c11), 18:2 (c9, c12), 18:2 (t9, t12), and CLA (c9, t11)), there was no significant variation between the groups. Meanwhile, both C19:00 and 18:3 (c6, c9, and c12) were noticeably higher (p < 0.05) in the group that received 100gm, followed by 50 mg, compared to the control. In conclusion, the supplement with a herbal mixture positively affected milk quality by decreasing total cholesterol and increasing lactose, milk fatty acid profile by increasing unsaturated fatty acids content, and plasma cholesterol levels

A single-gene cause in 29.5% of cases of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is the second most frequent cause of ESRD in the first two decades of life. Effective treatment is lacking. First insights into disease mechanisms came from identification of single-gene causes of SRNS. However, the frequency of single-gene causation and its age distribution in large cohorts are unknown. We performed exon sequencing of NPHS2 and WT1 for 1783 unrelated, international families with SRNS. We then examined all patients by microfluidic multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing for all 27 genes known to cause SRNS if mutated. We detected a single-gene cause in 29.5% (526 of 1783) of families with SRNS that manifested before 25 years of age. The fraction of families in whom a single-gene cause was identified inversely correlated with age of onset. Within clinically relevant age groups, the fraction of families with detection of the single-gene cause was as follows: onset in the first 3 months of life (69.4%), between 4 and 12 months old (49.7%), between 1 and 6 years old (25.3%), between 7 and 12 years old (17.8%), and between 13 and 18 years old (10.8%). For PLCE1, specific mutations correlated with age of onset. Notably, 1% of individuals carried mutations in genes that function within the coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis pathway, suggesting that SRNS may be treatable in these individuals. Our study results should facilitate molecular genetic diagnostics of SRNS, etiologic classification for therapeutic studies, generation of genotype-phenotype correlations, and the identification of individuals in whom a targeted treatment for SRNS may be available