Integrated yaw and rollover stability control of an off-road vehicle with mechanical elastic wheel

An integrated control algorithm of the differential braking and the active suspension to improve yaw and rollover stability of vehicles with mechanical elastic wheel (ME-Wheel) is developed. By simplifying the structure of ME-Wheel, a fitting tire model named brush model is constructed. Then, a nonlinear 8-DOF vehicle model with ME-Wheel is built up for rollover prevention, which utilizes a predictive load transfer ratio (PLTR) as the rollover index and a Kalman filter is used to eliminate the measurement noise. In order to design an integrated control algorithm, fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) methodology is adopted by simultaneous control of the yaw and roll motions. The proposed algorithm, based on the idea that makes yaw stability controller and roll stability controller work independently first, then unifies by way of weight according to fuzz control, after that, brake force distributor selects single efficient braking wheel to achieve yaw moment and one of the front braking wheels with varying brake pressure to achieve the desired brake torque and the wheel slip regulator is designed with sliding mode control technique to prevent the wheels from locking; and the active suspension system alters the stiffness of the active suspension to prevent rollover. Simulation results show that the integrated yaw and rollover stability control system could improve the handing stability of vehicle under the limit driving conditions, and prevent rollover happening

Aqua­bis(2-amino-1,3-thia­zole-4-acetato-κ2 O,N 3)nickel(II)

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Ni(C5H5N2O2S)2(H2O)], the NiII cation is located on a twofold rotation axis and chelated by two 2-amino-1,3-thia­zole-4-acetate (ata) anions in the basal coordination plane; a water mol­ecule located on the same twofold rotation axis completes the distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, as well as π–π stacking between parallel thia­zole rings [centroid–centroid distance 3.531 (8) Å], helps to stabilize the crystal structure

Arbitrarily primed sequence-related amplified polymorphism (AP-SRAP)

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) is a new-type molecular technique that targets coding sequences in the genome and results in a moderate number of co-dominant markers. Based on the SRAP program, the random primer combinations of SRAP, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) were used as new primers in marker analysis. We defined this technique as arbitrarily primed sequence-related amplified polymorphism (AP-SRAP). Of 256 tested AP-SRAP primers, 37.6% primers produced polymorphic patterns from the DNA of one or more species, which showed that AP-SRAP is an effective method to screen markers. Additionally, 80 SRAP primers were used to screen markers in seven plant species (Chinese cabbage, Chinese kale, eggplant, pepper, cucumber, rose and lily), which indicated obvious polymorphism. The primers of AP-SRAP combine simply and reliably. It can overcome the limitation of the number of standard SRAP primers, make greater use of the supply of alternative primers, and potentially reduce laboratory costs. We expect that AP-SRAP may be of wide application in identity testing, population studies, linkage analysis and genome mapping.Keywords: Arbitrarily primed amplification, DNA markers, plantsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(29), pp. 4588-459

N-Benzyl-2-propynamide

Pale-yellow crystals of the title compound, C10H9NO, have been obtained by the reaction of benzyl­amine and methyl propiolate. Weak inter­molecular hydrogen bonding is observed between acetyl­enic H and carbonyl O atoms. The crystal packing is stabilized by these C—H⋯O and by N—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

Increase in neuroexcitability of unmyelinated C-type vagal ganglion neurons during initial postnatal development of visceral afferent reflex functions

BACKGROUND: Baroreflex gain increase up closely to adult level during initial postnatal weeks, and any interruption within this period will increase the risk of cardiovascular problems in later of life span. We hypothesize that this short period after birth might be critical for postnatal development of vagal ganglion neurons (VGNs). METHODS: To evaluate neuroexcitability evidenced by discharge profiles and coordinate changes, ion currents were collected from identified A- and C-type VGNs at different developmental stages using whole-cell patch clamping. RESULTS: C-type VGNs underwent significant age-dependent transition from single action potential (AP) to repetitive discharge. The coordinate changes between TTX-S and TTX-R Na(+) currents were also confirmed and well simulated by computer modeling. Although 4-AP or iberiotoxin age dependently increased firing frequency, AP duration was prolonged in an opposite fashion, which paralleled well with postnatal changes in 4-AP- and iberiotoxin-sensitive K(+) current activity, whereas less developmental changes were verified in A-types. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate for the first time that the neuroexcitability of C-type VGNs increases significantly compared with A-types within initial postnatal weeks evidenced by AP discharge profiles and coordinate ion channel changes, which explain, at least in part, that initial postnatal weeks may be crucial for ontogenesis in visceral afferent reflex function

Disopropyl {[(2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methyl­penta­namido](phen­yl)meth­yl}phosphinate

There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H33N2O4P. In the crystal, the two independent mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯O=P hydrogen bonds, forming dimers

The genetic load for hereditary hearing impairment in Chinese population and its clinical implication

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the genetic load in the Chinese population for improvement in diagnosis, prevention and rehabilitation of deafness.MethodsDNA samples, immortalized cell lines as well as detailed clinical and audiometric data were collected through a national genetic resources collecting network. Two conventional genetic approaches were used in the studies. Linkage analysis in X chromosome and autosomes with microsatellite markers were performed in large families for gene mapping and positional cloning of novel genes. Candidate gene approach was used for screening themtDNA 12SrRNA, GJB2andSLC26A4mutations in population–based samples.ResultsA total of 2, 572 Chinese hearing loss families or sporadic cases were characterized in the reported studies, including seven X–linked, one Y–linked, 28 large and multiplex autosomal dominant hearing loss families, 607 simplex autosomal recessive hereditary hearing loss families, 100 mitochondrial inheritance families, 147GJB2induced hearing loss cases, 230 cases with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) syndrome, 169 sporadic cases with auditory neuropathy, and 1, 283 sporadic sensorineural hearing loss cases. Through linkage analysis or sequence analysis, two X–linked families were found transmitting two novel mutations in thePOU3F4gene, while another X–linked family was mapped onto a novel locus, nominated asAUNX1(auditory neuropathy, X–linked locus 1). The only Y–linked family was mapped onto theDFNY1locus (Y–linked locus 1,DFNY1). Eight of the 28 autosomal dominant families were linked to various autosomal loci. In population genetics studies, 2, 567 familial cases and sporadic patients were subjected to mutation screening for three common hearing loss genes:mtDNA 12S rRNA 1555G, GJB2andSLC26A4.The auditory neuropathy cases in our samples were screened forOTOFgene mutations.ConclusionsThese data show that the Chinese population has a genetic load on hereditary hearing loss. Establishing personalized surveillance and prevention models for hearing loss based on genetic research will provide the opportunity to decrease the prevalence of deafness in the Chinese population

Neonatal outcome in 29 pregnant women with COVID-19 : A retrospective study in Wuhan, China

Funding: YTW: National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1002804), http://www.most.gov.cn; YTW: National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1000203), http://www.most.gov.cn. CL: COVID-19 Prevention and Control Program of International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2020-COVID-19-04), https://www.ipmch.com.cn. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Data Availability: All the research data are available at the ResMen Manager of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.medresman.org), and the registration number is ChiCTR2000031954 (http://www.medresman.org.cn/pub/cn/proj/projectshshow.aspx?proj=1810).Peer reviewedPublisher PD