2,439 research outputs found
Global Administrative Law: Global Governance Of The Global Positioning System And Galileo
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) system originally developed by the Depart- ment of Defense of the United States government in early 1970s.
Single-Copy Certification of Two-Qubit Gates without Entanglement
A quantum state transformation can be generally approximated by single- and
two-qubit gates. This, however, does not hold with noisy intermediate-scale
quantum technologies due to the errors appearing in the gate operations, where
errors of two-qubit gates such as controlled-NOT and SWAP operations are
dominated. In this work, we present a cost efficient single-copy certification
for a realization of a two-qubit gate in the presence of depolarization noise,
where it is aimed to identify if the realization is noise-free, or not. It is
shown that entangled resources such as entangled states and a joint measurement
are not necessary for the purpose, i.e., a noise-free two-qubit gate is not
needed to certify an implementation of a two-qubit gate. A proof-of-principle
demonstration is presented with photonic qubits.Comment: 8 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.0208
An efficient method for visualization and growth of fluorescent Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in planta
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Xanthomonas oryzae </it>pv. <it>oryzae</it>, the causal agent of bacterial blight disease, is a serious pathogen of rice. Here we describe a fluorescent marker system to study virulence and pathogenicity of <it>X. oryzae </it>pv. <it>oryzae</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A fluorescent <it>X. oryzae </it>pv. <it>oryzae </it>Philippine race 6 strain expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) (PXO99<sub>GFP</sub>) was generated using the <it>gfp </it>gene under the control of the neomycin promoter in the vector, pP<it>neo</it>-<it>gfp</it>. The PXO99<sub>GFP</sub>strain displayed identical virulence and avirulence properties as the wild type control strain, PXO99. Using fluorescent microscopy, bacterial multiplication and colonization were directly observed in rice xylem vessels. Accurate and rapid determination of bacterial growth was assessed using fluoremetry and an Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbant Assay (ELISA).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results indicate that the fluorescent marker system is useful for assessing bacterial infection and monitoring bacterial multiplication <it>in planta</it>.</p
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