When Coalition Falls Apart: Case of Solidarity Building of Two Unions

This article examines the external and organizational factors behind the coalition dynamics of two labour unions representing a different mix of employment contract types – temporary and permanent – that led the 2007 Irregular Workers Movement in South Korea. Drawing on semi-structured interview, video, newspapers and internal document data, we find that while political opportunities drove the two unions to come together, broad alliances formed around the coalition on the issue of job security of irregular workers marginalized the union with predominantly regular workers. Organizational differences that seemed complementary at first hindered a collective identity from forming and became a source of resentment as strikes continued on. Varying progression of negotiations not only reduced the benefits of claims coordination and collective action but also invoked otherness among them. Lack of trust and recognition did not allow for even a loose cooperative differentiation relation

Strategic Portfolio Building in Donors' Multilateral Institutional Choice

More donors are formally assessing their multilateral aid disbursement policies as well as the multilateral institutions that they contribute to. Analyzing OECD Creditor Reporting System data from 2011 to 2019 of 23 donors and 34 multilateral organizations, we find evidence of institutional portfolio building of donors to align multilateral and bilateral aid channels. Such tendency is more pronounced for core-funding than multi-bi funding and much stronger at the recipient country level than at the sectoral level. Smaller donors that operate from a limited multilateral budget show greater preferences for geographical similarity. When donors give to institutions with sectoral specialization, they seek sectoral similarity with their bilateral aid.2

J08069+1527: A newly discovered high amplitude, hybrid subdwarf B pulsator

We present our discovery of a new hybrid pulsating subdwarf B star, J08069+1527. The effective temperature and surface gravity of 28,500$\pm$400\,K and 5.37$\pm$0.04\,dex, respectively, place this object inside the instability strip and also among other pulsating hot subdwarfs of a hybrid nature, right next to another fascinating star: Balloon\,090100001. From this proximity, we anticipated this star could pulsate in both high and low frequency modes. Indeed, our analysis of photometric data confirmed our prediction. We detected two peaks in the high frequency region and two other peaks at low frequencies. In addition, the amplitude of the dominant mode is very high and comparable to the dominant peaks in other hybrid subdwarf B stars. Since this star is bright, we performed time-series low resolution spectroscopy. Despite a low signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, we were able to detect the main peak from these data. All our results strongly indicate that J08069+1527 is a high amplitude pulsating hot subdwarf B star of hybrid nature. By analogy to the other pulsating sdB star, we judge that the dominant mode we detected here has radial nature. Future stellar modeling should provide us with quite good constrains as p- and g-modes presented in this star are driven in different parts of its interior.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Poverty Effects of the Minimum Wage: The Role of Household Employment Composition

sector employment, uncovered sector employment, and unemployment. The impact of these labor market adjustments on absolute poverty will depend on how the pattern of employment composition changes within households and on how income is shared within households. An earlier paper (Fields and Kanbur, 2007) focused on the income-sharing dimension of the problem. The present paper focuses on household employment composition. For a particular structure of the labor market— one with good jobs, bad jobs, unemployment, and adult and youth workers— and with a particular model of how the sectoral patterns of employment are translated into household employment composition, we analyze the impact of minimum wages on a class of absolute poverty measures. The precise characterizations demonstrate the need for a nuanced appreciation of the impacts of a minimum wage increase, since they depend intricately on the values of key parameters (the poverty line, poverty aversion, labor demand elasticity, and the starting level of the minimum wage). Moreover, the relationship between poverty and the minimum wage is in general nonmonotonic, so that local effects can be quite different from the effects of large changes in the minimum wage.Minimum wage, poverty, labor market, Financial Economics, Food Security and Poverty, Labor and Human Capital,

RAT J0455+1305: A rare hybrid pulsating subdwarf B star

We present results on the second-faintest pulsating subdwarf B (sdB) star known, RAT J0455+1305, derived from photometric data obtained in 2009. It shows both short and long periods oscillations, theoretically assigned as pressure and gravity modes. We identify six short-period frequencies (with one being a combination) and six long-period frequencies. This star is the fourth hybrid sdB star discovered so far which makes it of special interest as each type of mode probes a different part of the star. This star is similar to the sdB hybrid pulsator Balloon 090100001 in that it exhibits short-period mode groupings, which can be used to identify pulsation parameters and constrain theoretical models.Comment: published in MNRA

Poverty Effects of the Minimum Wage: The Role of Household Employment Composition

WP 2008-05 January 2008sector employment, uncovered sector employment, and unemployment. The impact of these labor market adjustments on absolute poverty will depend on how the pattern of employment composition changes within households and on how income is shared within households. An earlier paper (Fields and Kanbur, 2007) focused on the income-sharing dimension of the problem. The present paper focuses on household employment composition. For a particular structure of the labor market— one with good jobs, bad jobs, unemployment, and adult and youth workers— and with a particular model of how the sectoral patterns of employment are translated into household employment composition, we analyze the impact of minimum wages on a class of absolute poverty measures. The precise characterizations demonstrate the need for a nuanced appreciation of the impacts of a minimum wage increase, since they depend intricately on the values of key parameters (the poverty line, poverty aversion, labor demand elasticity, and the starting level of the minimum wage). Moreover, the relationship between poverty and the minimum wage is in general nonmonotonic, so that local effects can be quite different from the effects of large changes in the minimum wage

Mode identification from monochromatic amplitude and phase variations for the rapidly pulsating subdwarf B star EC 20338-1925

We obtain time-series spectrophotometry observations at the VLT with the aim of partially identifying the dominant oscillation modes in the rapidly pulsating subdwarf B star EC 20338-1925 on the basis of monochromatic amplitude and phase variations. From the data gathered, we detect four previously known pulsations with periods near 147, 168, 126 and 140 s and amplitudes between 0.2 and 2.3 % of the star's mean brightness. We also determine the atmospheric parameters of EC 20338-1925 by fitting our non-LTE model atmospheres to an averaged combined spectrum. The inferred parameters are Teff = 34,153+-94 K, log g =5.966+-0.017 and log[N(He)/N(H)] = - 1.642+-0.022, where the uncertainty estimates quoted refer to the formal fitting errors. Finally, we calculate the observed monochromatic amplitudes and phases for the periodicities extracted using least-squares fitting to the light curves obtained for each wavelength bin. These observed quantities are then compared to the corresponding theoretical values computed on the basis of dedicated model atmosphere codes and also taking into account non-adiabatic effects. We find that the quality of the data is sufficient to identify the dominant pulsation at 146.9 s as a radial mode, while two of the lower amplitude periodicities must be low-degree modes with l=0-2. This is the first time that monochromatic amplitudes and phases have been used for mode identification in a subdwarf B star, and the results are highly encouraging.Comment: 11 pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

The Determinants of Unmet Needs for Personal Assistance of the Disabled in South Korea

This paper examines determinants of unmet needs for personal assistance among the disabled in South Korea. Using National Survey of Disabled Persons of year 2011, 2014, and 2017, we estimate linear probability models and ordered logit models and find that older, female disabled with worse health status, longer disability years, and living alone are more likely to have absolute unmet needs. We divide the sample by sex and age. Our findings show that determinants of unmet needs for older adults (persons aged 65 or above) are not greatly different from those for younger adults (aged 18-64), but marital status for males and household income for females seem to be a key determinant of unmet needs. We also find that reliance on informal care (family members) is greater for married males, larger household size, worse health status, home owners among the elderly, for more severe disability, mentally disabled, home owners among the female group

Impact of Expansions of the Personal Assistance Service for the Disabled on Unmet Care in South Korea

While the Korean government allocates approximately 60% of the total budget for the disabled to the Personal Assistance Service, there has been no systematic analysis on the effectiveness of the program. Applying a difference-in-differences methodology to a repeated cross-sectional survey data, we find that eligibility expansions from 2011 to 2015 of the Personal Assistance Service had no significant effect on reducing the unmet needs for personal assistance. Access to the service, however, reduced the amount of care given by family and friends, implying that there may have been a close-to-perfect crowd-out

Nonprofit Partisanship

We establish a novel measurement of nonprofit organization ideology using semantic text analysis and validate it with a large-scale online experiment. On average, health- related nonprofits as well as education-related organizations, including US universities, are the most left-leaning group. Religion-related nonprofits, on the other hand, are the most conservative. We then examine whether ”rage donations” for selected lib- eral nonprofits right after the Trump elections documented by the media hold true more generally across different sectors over different presidential elections. We find no evidence that expected shifts in ideology of a government systematically influence donations differently depending on nonprofit ideology