Drosophila suzukii population estimation

Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Drosophilini) is a global pest attacking ripening small and stone fruits. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine temperature-dependent survival and fecundity of SWD. A temperature-dependent matrix model using these data was applied to determine if population pressure of D. suzukii could be predicted based upon environmental conditions. As an example, different pressure levels were found in two distinctly different seasons in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The model was also applied to determine the effects of population factors such as regional climatic differences, microclimates, bacterial infection and parasitism. The population model is an additional tool for SWD risk-prediction. Pest management practitioners can make timely management decisions as the crop ripens using this model. The limitations and benefits of using this model are discusse

Correlation of External Exposure and Dose Equivalent Rates with Uranium Surface Contamination

This report provides both calculated estimates and measured values of exposure in air and tissue dose from external penetrating radiation at a distance of 1 m from uranium contamination on surfaces at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, in support of the Y-12 Site Radiological Characterization Study. Calculated values are based on the total energy from gamma rays and X rays emitted by uranium and its shordaughters at secular equilibrium. Results of a small number of measurements are provided for comparison. Dose rate values derived here are limited to those of external penetrating radiation from distributed sources with limited surface area and from point sources

Total effective dose equivalent associated with fixed uranium surface contamination

This report provides the technical basis for establishing a uranium fixed-contamination action level, a fixed uranium surface contamination level exceeding the total radioactivity values of Appendix D of Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, part 835 (10CFR835), but below which the monitoring, posting, and control requirements for Radiological Areas are not required for the area of the contamination. An area of fixed uranium contamination between 1,000 dpm/100 cm{sup 2} and that level corresponding to an annual total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) of 100 mrem requires only routine monitoring, posting to alert personnel of the contamination, and administrative control. The more extensive requirements for monitoring, posting, and control designated by 10CFR835 for Radiological Areas do not have to be applied for these intermediate fixed-contamination levels

Drosophila suzukii population estimation

Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Drosophilini) is a global pest attacking ripening small and stone fruits. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine temperature-dependent survival and fecundity of SWD. A temperature-dependent matrix model using these data was applied to determine if population pressure of D. suzukii could be predicted based upon environmental conditions. As an example, different pressure levels were found in two distinctly different seasons in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The model was also applied to determine the effects of population factors such as regional climatic differences, microclimates, bacterial infection and parasitism. The population model is an additional tool for SWD risk-prediction. Pest management practitioners can make timely management decisions as the crop ripens using this model. The limitations and benefits of using this model are discusse