Pathology of Strategies in Trading of Flower and Plant: A Case Study in Export Market of Flower and Plant in Khuzestan

Flower and plant market is considered as one of relatively ingenious potentials and its capability as the non-petroleum good has a considerable profit. Based on purpose, this research is regarded as the applied research and based on data and nature, this research is descriptive-analytic. The population consists of importers and exporters of ornamental flower and plant in Khuzestan Province. This research aims to study the current function of exporters in the internal and foreign market regarding the rivals’ strategies of marketing and its evaluation and the reasons for inefficiency of flower and plant industry. Results show that there is a meaningful relation between the effect of development strategies and confrontation with entry strategies; entry strategy is the effective factor on world trade

The host mTOR pathway and parasitic diseases pathogenesis

The mechanistic (or mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR) is considered as a critical regulatory enzyme involved in essential signaling pathways affecting cell growth, cell proliferation, protein translation, regulation of cellular metabolism, and cytoskeletal structure. Also, mTOR signaling has crucial roles in cell homeostasis via processes such as autophagy. Autophagy prevents many pathogen infections and is involved on immunosurveillance and pathogenesis. Immune responses and autophagy are therefore key host responses and both are linked by complex mTOR regulatory mechanisms. In recent years, the mTOR pathway has been highlighted in different diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and infectious and parasitic diseases including leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, and malaria. The current review underlines the implications of mTOR signals and intricate networks on pathogen infections and the modulation of this master regulator by parasites. Parasitic infections are able to induce dynamic metabolic reprogramming leading to mTOR alterations in spite of many other ways impacting this regulatory network. Accordingly, the identification of parasite effects and interactions over such a complex modulation might reveal novel information regarding the biology of the abovementioned parasites and might allow the development of therapeutic strategies against parasitic diseases. In this sense, the effects of inhibiting the mTOR pathways are also considered in this context in the light of their potential for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases.PN thanks La Fundación La Caixa (LCF/PR/PR13/11080005), Fundación Caja Navarra, Gobierno de Navarra-Salud (12/2017), Fundación Roviralta, Ubesol, Government of Navarre, Laser Ebro, Inversiones Garcilaso de la Vega and COST Actions CA18217 and CA18218 for their support