Histologic effects of demineralized bone matrix on regeneration of alveolar socket in diabetic rats

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this in vivo study was to determine the effect of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on alveolar bone repair in type I diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 40 adult (8 weeks-old) albino rats with an average weight of 200-250 grams. The animals were divided into four groups (n=10) as follows: group 1 nondiabetic rats, group 2, 3 and 4 were diabetic rats; group 4 rats took one unit of insulin daily.  Diabetes was induced by Alloxan Monohydrate through the tail veins of the rats in groups 2-4. Only group 4 received insulin NPH 1 unit daily. After 10 days, the upper right incisors of all samples were extracted and the socket was filled with DBM in groups 3 and 4. The animals were sacrificed at the end of week 1 and 2. The specimens were prepared and stained with H&E. RESULTS: Histological results of group 4 displayed osteoblastic activity and bone formation with collagen fibers at the end of the first week and thick bone trabeculae formation in vicinity of DBM at the end of second week. In group 3, DBM showed some osteoinductivity at the end of the first week, but in some regions DBM particles were degraded by osteoclastic activity. Bone trabeculae formed with a dispersed and separate pattern at the end of second week. In group 2 hematoma and inflammation were dominant histological features at the end of first and second weeks; poor bone formation was detected in these two groups (2 and 3). In group 1, the results were as expected. CONCLUSION: It seems demineralized bone matrix simulate osteoblastic activity

Relationship of body mass index with the severity of periodontitis

Introduction: Current evidence suggests that periodontitis would be associated with some systemic condition including body fat content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between body mass index (BMI) and severity of periodontitis.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 360 diabetes free individuals attended to the department of Hamadan (Iran) periodontology during 22 November 2011 to 21 January 2012 were conducted. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and periodontal examination were performed for all participants.Results: : BMI was 24.17±1.68, 25.60 ± 2.07, 28.50 ±1.55, and 29.65± 2.66 in health, gingivitis, mild and server periodontitis respectively. It was significantly different according to the periodontuim inflammation (p<0.001). WC was 73.25±6.75, 78.45 ± 7.68, 93.59± 7.84 and 100.36 ± 7.59 in health, gingivitis, mild and server periodontitis which was significantly different (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of the present study BMI and WC values in adult are significantly related to the severity of periodontitis

Dental Caries Prevalence in Human Immunodeficiencyb Virus Infected Patients Receiving Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Kermanshah, Iran

Objective: Introduction of new approaches for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection such as anti-retroviral medicines has resulted in an increase in the life expectancy of HIV patient. Evaluating the dental health status as a part of their general health care is needed in order to improve the quality of life in these patients. The aim of this study was to compare the root and crown caries rate in HIV patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with that rate in HIV patients without treatment option. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study consisting of 100 individuals of both genders with human immunodeficiency virus were divided into two groups: i. group 1 (treatment group) including 50 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) receiving HAART and ii. group 2 (control group) including 50 HIV infected patients not receiving HAART. Dental examinations were done by a dentist under suitable light using periodontal probe. For each participant, numbers of decay (D), missed (M), filled (F), Decayed missed and filled teeth (DMFT), decay surface (Ds), missed surface (Ms), filled surface (Fs), Decayed missed and filled surfaces (DMFS), and tooth and root caries were recorded. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and independent t test using SPSS 13.0, while p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant in all analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of decayed, missed and filled teeth of those who were on highly active antiretroviral therapy was 6.86 ± 3.57, 6.39 ± 6.06 and 1.89 ± 1.93, respectively. There was no significant difference between these values regarding to the treatment of patients. The mean and standard deviation of DMFT, DMFS and the number of decayed root surfaces were 15.14 ± 6.09, 56.79 ± 28.56, and 4.96 ± 2.89 in patients treated by anti-retroviral medicine which were not significantly different compared to those without this treatment. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, highly active antiretroviral therapy could not be considered as a single factor for dental caries prevalence in HIV-infected patients. However, more research is recommended to evaluate the cariogenic potential of these medicines

Comparison of Self-evaluation and Students’ Evaluation of Hamadan Dental School Faculty Members

Introduction: Surveys of students’ and faculty members’ opinion on the faculties teaching can reveal the strengths and weaknesses of their teaching performance. This study aimed to compare self-evaluation and students’ evaluation about educational performance of Hamadan dental school faculty members in 2010-2011. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study, through using census sampling method, all 46 faculty members and 77 students of Dental School in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences participated . The data were gathered by two parallel, five- point Likert scale questionnaires each consisting of 18 question items. Data were analysed through Pearson correlation coefficient, paired t-test, ANOVA, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: The mean of the faculty member's self-evaluation score was 76.02± 10.5 and the mean of this evaluation by students was 71.12± 9.03 which demonstrated a significant difference (p=0.041). The correlation coefficient between the scores of self-evaluation and evaluation by students was -0.299. Conclusion: Faculty members’ self- evaluation scores were higher than those of the students. Faculty members should pay more attention to the results of this study and improve their teaching performance in order to achieve higher quality educational level

Root Canal Configuration of One-rooted Mandibular Canine in an Iranian Population:An In Vitro Study

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background and aims&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;A&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;perfect endodontic treatment necessitates proper understanding of the morphology of canal and pulpal variations.&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;This in vitro study was conducted to demonstrate the internal anatomy of mandibular canine teeth in an Iranian population. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;The samples consisted of 100 extracted mandibular permanent canines. The roots of the teeth were molded in acrylic boxes. The crowns of the teeth were cut and 2 mm cross sections were made from CEJ to the apex. Sections were examined using stereomicroscope to reveal the number and location of root canals.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;From 100 evaluated teeth, 12 (12%) had 2 canals from which 5 had type II canal configuration and 7 (7%) had type III. 88% of the specimens had one canal and none were seen to be of type IV.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusion.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;The findings of this study emphasize the importance of dentist's knowledge of variations in root canal morphology, since leaving a canal untreated is one of the main reasons of endodontic failures. When treating mandibular canines, the existence of a second canal should be taken into consideration.&lt;/p&gt

Evaluation of Salivary Nitric Oxide and Epidermal Growth Factor in Diabetic Patients and Healthy Group

Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) play an important role in biologic systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate salivary NO and EGF levels changes in type I and II diabetes mellitus comparing to the control group. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, five ml, saliva of 20 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and five ml saliva of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attended to Hamadan diabetes research center as well as 20 healthy individuals matched according to age and sex, were collected. NO and EGF were assessed via Griess reaction and Immunoassay methods respectively. Data were analyzed by t-test and Mann-Whitney test.Results: Compared to the control group, the level of NO was increased in patients with type I diabetes (P=0.037), while it did not significantly increase in type II diabetes (P=0.058). The level of EGF in diabetic patients was significantly higher than the control group. There was no significant difference between the salivary level of EGF and NO of patient with type 1 and type 2 mellitus diabetes (P>0.05). The correlation coefficient between NO and EGF levels in type II diabetic patients was -0.278 (P=0.0235). The level of NO and EGF was significantly related to fasting blood sugar and HbA1c (P=0.001).Conclusion: The level of salivary NO in type I diabetes and EGF in type I and II diabetes was higher compared to those of healthy individuals and was related to the severity of the disease

Report of a Rare Case of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Mandible

Introduction: Malignent Fibrous Histiocytoma (MFH) is the most frequent soft tissue sarcoma of adulthood. The most common sites affected by MFH are limbs, orbit, retroperitoneum, pelvis and knee. Oral cavity and mandible involvements are very rare. Case Report: A 35-year-old male was visited in the oral medicine department of Hamadan dental school with the chief complaint of pain and teeth mobility. The patient also had a history of paresthesia in lower lip for two monthes. In intraoral examination, there was a crater like, deep and disseminated ulcer in lower buccal and ligual gingiva of right mandibular teeth and exophitic lesion with smooth surface, and color similar to normal mucosa with 2×2×3 cm in diameter in buccal and lingual part of right lateral and central teeth extended to left second premolar was observed. Gingival resorption was observed in all adjascent teeth. There was radiolucency with irregular border in all part of lesion. MFH was confirmed by histopathological report.Conclusion: The most common complaint of patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma is the growing mass that could be ulcerative or painful. Early diagnosis and referral is very important in prognosis and survival of the patients