A Questionnaire on Materialisms

Recent philosophical tendencies of “Actor-Network Theory,” “Object-Oriented Ontology,” and “Speculative Realism” have profoundly challenged the centrality of subjectivity in the humanities, and many artists and curators, particularly in the UK, Germany, and the United States, appear deeply influenced by this shift from epistemology to ontology. October editors asked artists, historians, and philosophers invested in these projects—from Graham Harman and Alexander R. Galloway to Armen Avanessian and Patricia Falguières to Ed Atkins and Amie Siegel—to explore what the rewards and risks of assigning agency to objects may be, and how, or if, such new materialisms can be productive for making and thinking about art today

Mass Effect : Art and the Internet in the Twenty-First Century

"Since the turn of the millennium, the Internet has evolved from what was merely a new medium to a true mass medium—with a deeper and wider cultural reach, greater opportunities for distribution and collaboration, and more complex corporate and political realities. Mapping a loosely chronological series of formative arguments, developments, and happenings, Mass Effect provides an essential guide to understanding the dynamic and ongoing relationship between art and new technologies. Mass Effect brings together nearly forty contributions, including newly commissioned essays and reprints, image portfolios, and transcribed discussion panels and lectures that offer insights and reflections from a wide range of artists, curators, art historians, and bloggers. Among the topics examined are the use of commercial platforms for art practice, what art means in an age of increasing surveillance, and questions surrounding such recent concepts as “postinternet.” Other contributions analyze and document particular works by the artists of And/Or Gallery, Cory Arcangel, DIS, Cao Fei, the Radical Software Group, and others." -- Publisher's website

An anatomically accurate dielectric profile of the porcine kidney

Microwave ablation is a promising treatment for kidney cancer. Accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties of biological tissues is vital for quantifying the safety, reliability and accuracy of ablation, among other microwave medical treatments and diagnostic technologies. In dielectric studies to date, the heterogeneity within the kidney has not been considered, and the kidney has been treated as a fully homogeneous organ. Therefore, the available dielectric data of the kidney is not as thorough and accurate as it could be. For this reason, in this study, dielectric measurements are performed over a broad frequency range to quantitatively investigate the difference between the dielectric properties of various regions of the kidney and to develop an anatomically accurate dielectric profile of the kidney. All measurements are conducted on freshly excised porcine kidney samples, and confounders impacting dielectric data are controlled and related metadata recorded. The results demonstrate a considerable difference of up to 49% between the dielectric properties of different regions of the kidney. The findings in this paper suggest that the heterogeneity within the kidney should be taken into consideration in order to obtain an accurate representation of the actual dielectric properties. Additionally, a two-pole Cole-Cole model is fitted to the measured data of the different regions of the kidney and the model parameters presented for reference. The anatomically accurate dielectric profile of kidney provided in this paper will support the development of more effective and reliable microwave medical treatments

Cellular recovery from exposure to sub-optimal concentrations of AB toxins that inhibit protein synthesis

Abstract Ricin, Shiga toxin, exotoxin A, and diphtheria toxin are AB-type protein toxins that act within the host cytosol and kill the host cell through pathways involving the inhibition of protein synthesis. It is thought that a single molecule of cytosolic toxin is sufficient to kill the host cell. Intoxication is therefore viewed as an irreversible process. Using flow cytometry and a fluorescent reporter system to monitor protein synthesis, we show a single molecule of cytosolic toxin is not sufficient for complete inhibition of protein synthesis or cell death. Furthermore, cells can recover from intoxication: cells with a partial loss of protein synthesis will, upon removal of the toxin, increase the level of protein production and survive the toxin challenge. Thus, in contrast to the prevailing model, ongoing toxin delivery to the cytosol appears to be required for the death of cells exposed to sub-optimal toxin concentrations

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for advanced polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia.

International audienceAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is curative for selected patients with advanced essential thrombocythemia (ET) or polycythemia vera (PV). From 1990 to 2007, 75 patients with ET (median age 49 years) and 42 patients with PV (median age 53 years) underwent transplantations at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC; n = 43) or at other Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) centers (n = 74). Thirty-eight percent of the patients had splenomegaly and 28% had a prior splenectomy. Most patients (69% for ET and 67% for PV) received a myeloablative (MA) conditioning regimen. Cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment at 28 days was 88% for ET patients and 90% for PV patients. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) grades II to IV occurred in 57% and 50% of ET and PV patients, respectively. The 1-year treatment-related mortality (TRM) was 27% for ET and 22% for PV. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 13% for ET and 30% for PV. Five-year survival/progression-free survival (PFS) was 55%/47% and 71%/48% for ET and PV, respectively. Patients without splenomegaly had faster neutrophil and platelet engraftment, but there were no differences in TRM, survival, or PFS. Presence of myelofibrosis (MF) did not affect engraftment or TRM. Over 45% of the patients who undergo transplantations for ET and PV experience long-term PFS