Women in Leadership: Performance and Interpersonal Consequences of Stereotype Threat

Women in leadership positions may experience stereotype threat when explicitly or implicitly reminded of gender and leader stereotypes. Increased worry about potentially confirming the stereotype should affect their behavior and perceptions in leadership situations. I used a 3 (article) x 2 (confederate gender) between-participants design. Female participants read an article that either made stereotypes explicit (explicit threat), countered stereotypes (threat nullification), or did not include stereotype-relevant information (implicit threat) and were assigned to lead a male or female confederate through the construction of a Lego model. I hypothesized that women in the implicit threat conditions (implicit article; male confederate) would objectively and subjectively perform worse than women in the explicit and nullification article conditions and those working with a female confederate. Women should experience the situation more negatively in conditions of threat (explicit and implicit articles; male confederate). Confederate perceptions of the participants should be more negative, except competence, when participants performed well (explicit and nullification article; female confederate). Results partially supported the hypotheses. Women who led men objectively performed worse, perceived their own performance as worse, were perceived as less competent and overall less favorably by their employees, and experienced the situation more negatively than women who led women. The article had little impact on participants and outcomes. The findings suggest that female leaders may be unintentionally undermining themselves when stereotype reminders are present, such as when asked to lead a man in a masculine task. Experiencing stereotype threat may influence women to opt out of leadership due to their negative experiences and they may not earn promotions due to poor performance and coworkers’ negative perceptions of their behavior

Protocol: The Effectiveness of Telehealth as a Means for Administering Physical Therapy

Background: The Coronavirus pandemic has led more researchers to study the effectiveness of telehealth as a means for administering healthcare services. Prior to the pandemic, there has been limited research regarding the use of telehealth within the healthcare industry. More research relating to telehealth has been conducted within the past two years due to its growing relevance relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth as a means for administering physical therapy services. Design: This will be a descriptive analysis research study design carried out through the means of an electronic survey. A paper or electronic flyer for this study provides a QR code and direct URL link for participants to access the electronic survey. Setting: The participants will be obtained through Pro Bono clinics that are willing to participate in the study who are registered in the Pro Bono Network. Analysis will be performed at Misericordia University in Dallas, Pennsylvania. Participants: We hope to obtain 100 participants to complete our survey. The participants will include patients/caregivers, physical therapists, student physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and student physical therapist assistants who have participated in telehealth physical therapy sessions. Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics Limitations: Limitations include that a small number of patient visits via telehealth may influence their opinion on their telehealth experience. There is a limited sample size of participants to complete the survey. Population is specific to pro bono clinics within the pro bono network. Survey research only provides data collected from a single point in time and is therefore difficult to measure changes in the population. Conclusion: Preliminary interviews with patients/caregivers and therapists outside our targeted population, along with available research suggests that the use of telehealth as a means for administering physical therapy is an effective, but limited method to deliver services.https://digitalcommons.misericordia.edu/research_posters2021/1010/thumbnail.jp

The relationship between age and procedural-episodic memory interference

Background: The brain naturally declines in function as we age. Cognitive functions can begin to diminish in healthy adults beginning as early as the third decade of life, with significant changes in brain volume starting around 70 years of age. Our memories can be categorized as episodic, which are memories that are autobiographical or personally experienced, or procedural, which are skills or habitual memories. The neurological systems that support these forms of memory were once thought to be entirely separate and independent of each other. However, recent evidence shows that introducing an interfering procedural task can interrupt the consolidation of an episodic task, meaning these systems may have interactions with each other. With the aforementioned changes in the aging brain, it can be assumed that this may cause alterations in the interactions between these memory systems. Methods: Participants (n=15) of varying ages came to the laboratory on three separate days. Each day participants learned a word list (episodic memory) followed by either a procedural, finger tapping task that had a learning (sequence) condition or control condition. Participants were retested on the episodic memory task after 12 hours of wake. The next day was identical, except that the secondary task was the one they had not performed on Day 1. Findings: Participants performed qualitatively worse after the sequence procedural task than after the control procedural task, but the difference in performance was not significant (t(13)=0.5758, p = 0.5832). Significant learning was shown in the sequence version of the procedural task, through the improvements in reaction time (RT) ((t(14)=2.875, p < 0.05). We found a trend towards a positive correlation between learning in the sequence task and the interference score (quantified as sequence interference - control interference; r= 0.483, p = 0.06). Interference scores were not significantly correlated with age (r = 0.289, ns). Conclusion: These results show a nonsignificant effect of procedural learning on episodic memory. However, the influence of age on interference cannot be concluded from these results. Future studies will need a more diverse age range of participants to further investigate if age impacts the effects of procedural learning on episodic memory.Kinesiology and Health Educatio

Imagining International Justice in Post-Genocide Cambodia (abstract)

Through an innovative student-faculty collaborative research externship program supported by the Ohio University Center for Law, Justice & Culture, several undergraduate students spent the summer of 2014 in Cambodia conducting independent ethnographic research on issues of law, memory, and justice in the aftermath of the Khmer Rouge genocide. Utilizing the students’ research in Cambodia, this proposed panel session presents three case studies for a conversation regarding how ethnographic methods can inform transitional justice mechanisms by emphasizing local experiences. Much of the research is in light of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), a hybrid tribunal that began in 2007 to try senior leaders of the Khmer Rouge and those deemed most responsible for crimes committed between 1975 and 1979. Collectively, the projects explore connections between international justice and contemporary Cambodian society, including how international justice mechanisms produce global legal consciousness, how this consciousness is claimed and contested by local actors, and how legal categories shape collective identity, memories of the past, and imaginations of the future. The research projects reveal a spectrum of issues related to law, memory, and justice. One of the projects discusses the politics of the word “genocide” as it is used in the Cambodian case, drawing upon the experiences and perceptions of the Cham Muslim minority and Case 002/02 of the ECCC. Another project explores representations of victimhood at the Tuol Sleng Museum of Genocidal Crimes as they manifest in debates surrounding a new, ECCC reparations-related memorial on the site. The last project investigates the politics of the cultural production, representation, and translation in genocide exhibitions at three contrasting memorial museums across Cambodia

The DUC Healthy Aging Website: Providing Online Occupation-Based Information

Access to current, evidence-based health information is an important step to the promotion of health and wellness for all age groups, including OAs. Since the virtual world is easily accessible and is being used more frequently by OAs, an effective way to convey relevant up-to-date health information is through a website devoted to the dissemination of health promotion information tailored for OAs, including tips for integrating healthy habits into their lifestyle. Dominican University of California’s (DUC) Healthy Aging website, developed in May 2014, contains relevant and evidence-based research, including activities and local community based programs that promote healthy aging on the DUC campus. The objective of this project was to further enhance the DUC Healthy Aging website by adding material that is focused on engagement in physical and emotional wellness with a focus on living a safe, productive, and enjoyable lifestyle. Specifically, new topics such as “Living Safely Inside and Outside of Home,” “Local Events,” “Emotional Wellness,” “At Your Fingertips,” “Apps You Can Use,” and “ Position, Movement, & Ergonomics” have been added to enhance the DUC Healthy Aging website

Healthy Aging Website: Providing Online Occupation Based Information

Older adults (OAs) over the age of 65 are the fastest growing age group in the United States. They are also the fastest growing population of Internet users as they use the Internet to access health information related to optimizing independence, productivity, and social engagement. Although there is an abundant amount of information available that is devoted to healthy aging, the validity of the information can be questionable and the information may be confusing. Dominican University of California’s (DUC) Healthy Aging website contains relevant and evidence-based research, including activities and local community based programs that promote healthy aging. To expand the website, a literature-based needs assessment was conducted, which indicated, the value of health promotion materials that foster of emotional and physical wellness and encourage a safe and active lifestyle in and outside of the home. Specifically, new topics such as “Living Safely Inside and Outside of Home,” “Local Events,” “Emotional Wellness,” “At Your Fingertips,” “Apps You Can Use,” and “ Position, Movement, & Ergonomics” have been added to enhance the DUC Healthy Aging website. The DUC Healthy Aging website is very beneficial to both OAs and health profession majors because it is highly accessible and provides resources and information regarding health promotion and prevention behaviors to live a productive lifestyle.https://scholar.dominican.edu/ug-student-posters/1028/thumbnail.jp

Caffeine Consumption, Sleep Quality and Exercise Among College Students

Sleep plays an extremely important role in day to day functioning, contributing to improving cognitive, physical, and emotional health. Lifestyle choices such as caffeine intake and exercise frequency may influence sleep quality. This study intends to assess the relationship between caffeine consumption, sleep quality, and exercise. About 1360 individuals participated in an anonymous, self-reported survey including questions regarding sleep quality, caffeine consumption, and exercise. The questionnaire was generated on Google Forms and distributed via social media. Various negative correlations between caffeine consumption and quality sleep were detected. There are negative correlations between caffeine consumption with feeling refreshed after sleep and sleep duration (p\u3c0.01). Additionally, there was a positive correlation between satisfaction with current sleep pattern and average weekly exercise (p\u3c0.01). These findings suggest that increased caffeine consumption is associated with greater sleep disturbances and a reduction in exercise routine and performance.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1143/thumbnail.jp

The Impact of Nurse Mental Health on Patient Outcomes: Quality Improvement Project

The mental health of nurses has a significant impact on the care they provide to patients. When nurses experience high levels of depression, anxiety, or stress, it can affect their ability to make sound clinical decisions, communicate effectively with patients and colleagues, and provide compassionate care (1). Research has shown that nurses experiencing mental health issues are more likely to report making errors, experiencing burnout, and having low job satisfaction (2). High levels of stress can lead to increased absenteeism and turn over, which can negatively impact patient care continuity (3).https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/celebration_posters_2023/1044/thumbnail.jp

Effects of Peer Support Group on Rates of Suicide Attempts, Suicidal Thoughts, and Incidences of Self-Harm for Sexual-Minority High School Students

The torment sexual minority youth experience can take a psychological toll without access to a support system. The purpose of this proposal is to determine whether an after-school peer support group for sexual minority youth could decrease incidences of suicidal thoughts, attempts, and/or self-inflicted injuries