A comparison of axillary blockage and local anesthesia techniques on autologous arteriovenous fistula flow rates and patient comfort in chronic hemodialysis patients

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, aksiller sinir bloku ve lokal anestezi tekniklerinin arteriyovenöz fistül (AVF) akım hızı, açıklık oranları, ameliyat sonrası erken dönem ağrı üzerine etkileri karşılaştırıldı. Çalışma planı: Bu prospektif çalışmaya Haziran 2007 - Ağustos 2009 tarihleri arasında, brakiyal arter-sefalik ven AVF ameliyatı yapılması planlanan 30 hasta alındı. Grup 1 aksiller sinir bloku (n=15), grup 2 lokal anestezi uygulanan hastalardan (n=15) oluşuyordu. Grup 1 ve grup 2 hastaların yaş ortalaması, sırasıyla 57.8±14.0 ve 54.9±16.5 idi. Her iki grupta da hipertansiyon öyküsü olan iki hasta vardı. Hastaların ağrı skoru, görsel analog ölçeği (GAÖ) (0-10 cm) ile ameliyat sonrası 2, 6. ve 24. saatlerde değerlendirildi. Arteriyovenöz fistül açıklığı ve akım hızı, takip sırasında 10. ayda Doppler ultrasonografi (USG) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ameliyat sonrası 2, 6. ve 24. saatteki ağrı skorları ortalamaları grup 1’de sırasıyla 1.2±0.5, 2.8±0.7 ve 1.9±0.4 ve grup 2’de sırasıyla 3±1.3, 3±0.7 ve 2±0.5 (p=0.000; p=0.480; p=0.497) olarak saptandı. Ameliyat sonrası 10. ay kontrolünde grup 1’de Doppler USG ile saptanan ortalama akım hızı 966.1±206.1 ml/dk., grup 2’de 871.6±338.3 ml/dk. idi (p=0.513). Grup 1 ve grup 2’de tüm AVF’ler açıktı. Grup 2’de üç hastada çalma “steal” sendromu gelişirken grup 1’de herhangi bir komplikasyon saptanmadı (p=0.68). Grup 1’de bir hastada aynı ekstremitede 24 saat süren motor blok gelişti ve takiplerinde spontan olarak blok geri döndü. Sonuç: Arteriyovenöz fistül ameliyatları sırasında aksiller blokun, önemli bir komplikasyon olmadan gerçekleştirilebilecek etkili, güvenli ve AVF fistül akımını olumlu yönde ve uzun vadeli etkileyen bir anestezi yöntemi olduğu kanısındayız.Background: In this article, we aim to compare the effects of axillary nerve block and local anesthesia techniques on the flow rate and patency of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and postoperative early-stage pain. Methods: This prospective study included 30 patients who were scheduled for brachial artery-cephalic vein AVF construction operation between the dates June 2007 and August 2009. Group 1 (n=15) consisted of axillary nerve block, group 2 (n=15) consisted of local anesthesia administered patients. The mean age of group 1 and group 2 patients were 57.8±14.0 and 54.9±16.5 respectively. There were two patients with hypertension history in both groups. Pain scores were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) (0-10 cm) at 2, 6th and 24th hour after the operation. Arteriovenous fistulas patency and flow rates were measured by Doppler ultrasonography (USG) at 10th months during follow-up. Results: Postoperative pain scores of 2, 6th and 24th hour in group 1 were 1.2±0.5, 2.8±0.7 and 1.9±0.4 respectively; the same values for group 2 were 3±1.3, 3±0.7 and 2±0.5 (p=0.000; p=0.480; p=0.497). The mean flow rates measured with Doppler USG after 10 months were 966.1±206.1 ml/min in group 1 and 871.6±338.3 ml/min in group 2 (p=0.513). All the AVF were patent in group 1 and group 2. Steal syndrome arised in three patients in group 2 and none in group 1 (p=0.68). There was one patient complicated with motor blockade on the same extremity, who spontaneously recovered after 24 hours in group 1. Conclusion: We conclude that axillary blockage is an effective and safe technique in AVF construction operations which has also a positive long-term effect on AVF flow rates without any critical complication

Unna voot in venous ulcer treatment : evaluation of 30 patients

Amaç: Bu prospektif çalışma ile kliniğimizdeki Unna bandajı uygulamalarımızda elde ettiğimiz verileri değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nisan 2007 Ağustos 2011 arasında venöz ülser şikayeti ile başvuran 1'i kadın, 29'u erkek toplam 30 hasta (23--56 yaşları arasında, ortalama 33,5) çalışmaya alındı. Tüm hastalara Unna bandajı uygulandı. Unna bandajı ile birlikte günde iki kez kalsiyum dobesilat 500 mg tablet verildi. Yara iyileşmesini takiben tedaviye diz altı orta basınçlı varis çorabı, kalsiyum dobesilat ile devam edildi. Bulgular: Ülserler 23 (%76) hastada medial malleol çevresinde, (%0.06) hastada diz altında yaygın, (%0.06) hastada tibia orta bölgesinde, (%0.06) hastada tibia 1/3 distal ve medial malleol çevresine yayılmış ve (%0.03) hastada lateral malleol proksimalindeydi. Hastaların ülserli geçirdiği süre 1,5 ile 168 (ortalama 25,2) aydı. Olgulara ile kür (ortalama 2,13) Unna bandajı uygulandı. Yedi olguda (%24) Unna bandajı uygulanan bölgede ciltte kuruluk ve kaşıntı ile seyreden dermatit görüldü. Ülser nüksü gözlenen (%13) olgu Unna bandajı ile tedavi edildi. Hastaların takibi sırasında Unna bandajının erken dönemde çıkarılmasının gerektiği hasta olmadı. Sonuç: Kronik venöz ülser tedavisinde Unna bandajının, uygulanması ve temininin kolay, tedavi maliyetlerinin düşük, minimal komplikasyona sahip olması, arteriyel hastalığın da bulunduğu olgularda diğer kompresyon yöntemlerine göre daha güvenli olması ve diğer yöntemlerden etkinlik açısından birfarkının bulunmaması dolayısıyla akılda bulunması gereken bir yöntem olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.Aim: We aim to evaluate the results of the Unna boot practice with this prospective study. Material and Methods: This study included total of 30 patients (1 female, 29 male; ages 23—56, mean 33.5) admitted to outpatient clinic with chronic venous leg ulcers. All patients were treated with Unna's boot. This treatment combined with oral calcium dobesilat 500 mg tabletorally twice day. As the ulcer was healing, the treatment continued with calcium dobesilate tablets and compression stockings. Results: Ulcer placement was as follows: around medial malleol 23 (76%); widespread below knee (0.06%); mid-tibial region (0,06%); tibia 1/3 distal region plus medial malleol (0,06%), around lateral malleol (0,03%) patient. Ulcer duration was between 1.5—168 months (mean 25,2). Unna boot was applied between 1—6 times (mean 2.13). Seven (24%) patients had dermatitis manifested with skin dryness and pruritis at Unna boot applied skin region. Four patients had ulcer recurrence and treated with Unna boot. Conclusion: We think that Unna bandage usage in chronic venous ulcus treatment must be taken into consideration because this treatment method is easy to supply and be applied, low cost of treatment, minimal complication rate and it can be performed effectively and more safely than other treatment modalities in patients with arterial disease

Pilot Study of Application of Combined Transbronchial and Intravenous Ultraviolet C (UVC) and Laser Beam Application for the Treatment of Critical COVID-19 Infection

Objective and background: Light-based antimicrobials, mainly ultraviolet C (UVC) and laser light irradiation, have a potential to inactivate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of transbronchial and intravenous application of UVC and laser light irradiation on treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Methods: The clinical outcome of six patients (age 42-69 years) with severe COVID-19 infection who were directly applied UVC (254 nm) transbronchially, and UVC plus green (630 nm) and red laser (535 nm) lights to the blood circulation in addition to standard pharmacotherapy (UVC group) were prospectively evaluated in comparison to six patients (age 50-69 years) treated only with pharmacotherapy (standard treatment group). Results: The patients in UVC group had shorter stay in intensive care unit (median length of stay 1 vs. 8.5 days; p=0.015), more negative PCR results after treatment (5/6 vs. 0/6 patients; p=0.003), higher discharge rate (5/6 vs. 3/6 patients), and lower mortality (1/6 vs. 3/6 patients), as compared to patients in standard treatment group. Serum D-dimer level, which reached up to 2500 ng/mL (six times of baseline value) seven days after treatment in standard treatment group, was much lower in UVC group (1000 ng/mL). Serum ferritin level was 1.5 to 1.9-fold higher and CRP level was up to 1.7-fold higher in standard treatment group during ten days after treatment as compared to UVC group. No adverse effects have been observed. Conclusions: Combined transbronchial and intravenous UVC and laser irradiation may improve outcome of severe COVID-19 cases

Effect of picroside II on erythrocyte deformability and lipid peroxidation in rats subjected to hind limb ischemia reperfusion injury

Background: Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) in hind limb is a frequent and important clinical phenomenon. Many structural and functional damages are observed in cells and tissues in these kinds of injuries. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of picroside II on lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte deformability during I/R in rats

Effect of picroside II on hind limb ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

Introduction: Many structural and functional damages are observed in cells and tissues after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues. Acute ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury of lower extremities occurs especially when a temporary cross-clamp is applied to the abdominal aorta during aortic surgery. Research regarding the treatment of I/R injury has been increasing day-by-day. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of picroside II on skeletal muscle of rats experiencing simulated I/R