Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Artifact Effects of Three Different Sealers

Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is one of the most important diagnostic tools in maxillofacial imaging. Nowadays different sealers are used in root canal therapy and some of them can create artifact in CBCT images. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different sealers including AH-26, Diadent, and Anyseal in creation of artifact bands in the CBCT images based on voxel size. Methods and Materials: A total of 44 single rooted extracted teeth were selected. The canals were prepared by crown-down technique. All teeth were manually filed up to master apical file (MAF) size 45 and 1 mm shorter than the apical foramen. The teeth were divided into 4 equal groups. The canals were filled with gutta-percha and either of sealers AH-26, Diadent or Anyseal by lateral condensation technique. The control group were filled just with gutta-percha without any sealer. The CBCT images were taken in voxel sizes of 0.3 and 0.15. The Fisher exact and McNemar tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Although, the control group had the lowest ratio of presence to absence of artifact, the ratio of presence to absence of artifact in voxel size of 0.3 and 0.15 mm were significantly lower in Anyseal than AH-26 (P=0.031, P=0.020) and Diadent (P=0.001, P=0.002). No significant difference was detected between two voxel sizes (P>0.05). Conclusion: In this in vitro study, all evaluated sealers induced artifacts in the CBCT images. Anyseal sealer had the lowest artifact in both evaluated voxel sizes.Keywords: Artifacts; Canal Sealer; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Root Canal Filling Material; Root Fractur

Investigation of determinants of stress in patients requiring endodontics therapy: stress in patients requiring endodontics therapy

Abstract: Objectives: Dental stress is often considered as one of the important factors related to the patient's avoidance of dental visits. Considering the lack of comprehensive studies in this regard in Iran, we decided to design a study to explore the causes of dental stress. Material and Method: The DASS (Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale) was used for data collection. The first part of the questionnaire was related to demographic characteristics, including age, sex, education level and occupation and dental treatment experience. The second part included 21 questions related to the stress. The relationship between the score of questionnaire and psychological and demographic factors were analyzed. Result: Two hundred and fifty-eight patients completed the questionnaires (129 men,129 women). the highest age frequency was seen in the 21-30-year-old group (n=93). The mean age of the patients was 32 years old. women had higher stress scores (p=0.054), First timers had higher mean score to patients with a positive history of dental visit or endodontics treatment (p=0.03). level of education was no related to the stress score. Stress level had negative correlation with age (p=0.03)  Conclusion: Demographic and psychological factors are related to the stress. It's necessary to know the cause of stress in dentistry to have a better control on patient and better treatment procedure

Management of a complex traumatic dental injury: Crown, crown-root, and root fracture

Dental trauma can result in different kinds of injuries based on the extent, direction, and location of the impact. Multidisciplinary management of traumatized teeth is critical for successful treatment and improvement of the prognosis

Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Premolars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Defined Group of Dental Patients in Iran

Background. Successful dental root canal treatments require a complete knowledge of dental anatomy and root canal morphology. Materials and Methods. One hundred and forty-five cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars based on Vertucci’s classifications in a defined group of dental patients in Iran. The number of roots and root canals, root canal morphology, root and canal shape (curvature), existence of C-shaped canal, and influence of sex on each of these were evaluated. A chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis. Results. The mandibular first and second premolars had a single root in 95.97% and 100% cases, respectively. In the mandibular first premolars, 62.2% were of type I, 0.8% type II, 10.9% type III, 0.8% type IV, 20.3% type V, 4.2% type VI, and 0.8% type VII; in the second premolars, 78% of canals were of type I, 3% type II, 11% type III, 7% type V, and 1% type VI. C-shaped canals did not exist in either of the premolars. The most prevalent root and canal shape was straight. The most prevalent root curvature was a distal curvature in both premolars (71.4% and 74% of first and second premolars, resp.). The most prevalent canal curvature was lingual and buccal for the first premolars (7.6% each) and distal for the second premolars (11%). No significant difference was found between men and women in nearly all of the above (P>0.05). Conclusion. The results suggest that there is a need to conduct further evaluations on finding root and canal variations among more populations to gain better knowledge prior to root canal treatment

Pattern of Endodontic Lesions of Maxillary and Mandibular Posterior Teeth: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

The pattern of expansion of endodontic lesions in the jaws has been less commonly addressed in the literature. For this reason, the aim of this study is to assess the pattern of endodontic lesions of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 317 endodontic lesions of posterior teeth on CBCT scans retrieved from a radiology center in Qazvin, Iran, from 2020 to 2022. Endodontic lesions were assessed on sagittal, coronal, and axial sections by an endodontist and dental student using the Romexis software. The largest lesion diameter was measured occluso-apically, mesiodistally, and buccolingually. Lesion size was analyzed based on age, gender, jaw, tooth type, and presence/absence of root filling by independent samples t-tests and a one-way Analysis Of Variannce (ANOVA). The largest diameter of lesions in the maxilla and mandible was recorded in the occluso-apical dimension followed by buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions (p > 0.05). The pattern of lesions was the same in teeth with and without endodontic treatment, but it was significantly different in maxillary and mandibular endodontically treated teeth in the occluso-apical and buccolingual dimensions (p < 0.05). No significant correlation was noted with tooth type or jaw except for maxillary and mandibular first molar lesions, which were significantly different in the occluso-apical dimension (p < 0.05). Lesion size in all three dimensions was significantly greater in males than females (p < 0.05), and was the highest in the occluso-apical dimension in both genders. In the maxilla, the mean lesion size significantly decreased in the mesiodistal dimension with age (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the largest lesion diameter in the maxilla and mandible was found in the occluso-apical dimension, indicating the role of bone density in the pattern of lesions