Function generator for synthesizing complex vibration mode patterns

A simple highly flexible device for synthesizing complex vibration mode patterns is described. These mode patterns can be used to identify vibration mode data. This device sums selected sine and cosine functions and then plots the sum against a linear function

Benchmark problems for robust control design

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76996/1/AIAA-20949-475.pd

Isolation of alveolar epithelial type II progenitor cells from adult human lungs

Resident stem/progenitor cells in the lung are important for tissue homeostasis and repair. However, a progenitor population for alveolar type II (ATII) cells in adult human lungs has not been identified. The aim of this study is to isolate progenitor cells from adult human lungs with the ability to differentiate into ATII cells. We isolated colony-forming cells that had the capability for self-renewal and the potential to generate ATII cells in vitro. These undifferentiated progenitor cells expressed surface markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and surfactant proteins associated with ATII cells, such as CD90 and pro-surfactant protein-C (pro-SP-C), respectively. Microarray analyses indicated that transcripts associated with lung development were enriched in the pro-SP-C+/CD90+ cells compared with bone marrow-MSCs. Furthermore, pathological evaluation indicated that pro-SP-C and CD90 double-positive cells were present within alveolar walls in normal lungs, and significantly increased in ATII cell hyperplasias contributing to alveolar epithelial repair in damaged lungs. Our findings demonstrated that adult human lungs contain a progenitor population for ATII cells. This study is a first step toward better understanding of stem cell biology in adult human lung alveoli

Comportamento de baixas doses de herbicidas na cultura da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril). I I-Efeitos sobre o controle das plantas daninhas, desenvolvimento e absorção de nutrientes pela cultura Behavior of low-rates of herbicides, in the soybean (Glycine max (L .) Merril ) Crop. II - Effects on the weed control, development and nutrients uptake by the crop

Foi estudada a possibilidade de redução nas doses recomendadas de herbicidas, isolados ou em misturas, sem afetar algumas características das plantas de soja (Santa Rosa), tais como o acúmulo total de matéria secada parte aérea (caule + ramos, folhas e vagens), índice de Area Foliar (IAF) e teores de macro e micronutrientes (Diagnose Foliar e nos grãos). O experimento foi ins talado em Solo Latos - sol Vermelho Escuro - fase arenosa, município de Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em vinte tratamentos e três repetições, te stando-se a dose total recomendad a e reduções de 25% e 50% de la , para o trifluralin, alachlor e metribuzin, isolados e em misturas. As doses recomendadas foram 0,86; 1,72 e 0,28 kg/ha de trifluralin, alachlor e metribuzin, respectivamente. As 'misturas com doses reduzidas, de tri - fluralin + metribuzin (0 ,6 5 + 0, 21 kg/h a) e alachlor + metribuzin (1 ,4 4 + 0, 21 kg /h a), apresentaram controle geral das plantas daninhas acima de 90% at é o 60 .° dia após a semeadura, sem apresentar fitotoxicida de ou efeitos deletérios nas plantas de soja. Além disso apresenta ram os melhores resultados relativos ao acúmulo de matéria seca na parte aérea, juntamente com as mesmas misturas nas doses padrões e testemunha capinada. A absorção de nutrientes também sempre foi maior nestes tratamentos , com maiores teores nas folhas, na matéria seca geral e nos grãos. O IAF alto e a sua manutenção por um período maior, nestes tratamentos, podem ter tido influência decisiva, com maior eficiência fotossintética das plantas.<br>The feasibility of reducing the recommended herbicide rate, single or in mixtures, without affecting any desirable features of soybean ('Santa Rosa') , was studied such as the total dry weight of aerial parts (stem + shoots, leaves and pods) , Leaf Area Index (LAI ) and levels of macro and micro nutrients (Foliar Diagnosis and in the grains). A field trial was settled in a Dark - Red Latossol- sandy phase, at Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil . The experimental design used was the randomized blocks, with 20 treatments repplicated 3 ti mes, testing the full recommended rate , 25% and 50% reduction of full rate of trifluralin, alachlor and metribuzin, alone and in mixtures. The recommended rates were 0,86; 1, 72 and 0, 28 kg /ha of trifluralin, alachlor and metribuzin, respectivelly. The mixture with low rates, of trifluralin + metribuzin (0 ,6 5 + 0, 21 kg /ha) and alachlor + metribuzin (1 ,44 + 0, 21 kg /h a) , presented control rate higher than 90% up to the 60th day after so wing, without any phytotoxicity or deleterious effects to the soyeban plan ts . It also achieved the best results relating to dry matter content of aerial parts, together with the same mixtures in the recommended rates and weed -free check. The nutrients up take was also greater in this treatments, with highe