How has internal migration in Albania affected the receipt of transfers from family and friends?

Social networks of family and friends are very important in providing economic and social support to households. The massive internal migration flows towards the big cities in the transition countries like Albania can seriously affect such networks, and influence the support received. Previous migration studies have analysed mostly the transfers between the migrant and the family left behind. This study analyses households that migrate together to the peripheries of Tirana (Albania) after the fall of the communist regime. The frequencies of transfers received before and after migration are used to test the change in the composition of transfers and the substitution of family members by friends after migrating. The empirical analysis shows that households receive fewer transfers after migration, but financial transfers increase. Friends become increasingly more important after migration, substituting for transfers from siblings and more distant family relatives.kinship networks; internal migration; Albania; inter-household transfers

Massive Conformal Symmetry and Integrability for Feynman Integrals

In the context of planar holography, integrability plays an important role for solving certain massless quantum field theories such as N=4 SYM theory. In this letter we show that integrability also features in the building blocks of massive quantum field theories. At one-loop order we prove that all massive n-gon Feynman integrals in generic spacetime dimensions are invariant under a massive Yangian symmetry. At two loops similar statements can be proven for graphs built from two n-gons. At generic loop order we conjecture that all graphs cut from regular tilings of the plane with massive propagators on the boundary are invariant. We support this conjecture by a number of numerical tests for higher loops and legs. The observed Yangian extends the bosonic part of the massive dual conformal symmetry that was found a decade ago on the Coulomb branch of N=4 SYM theory. By translating the Yangian level-one generators from dual to original momentum space, we introduce a massive generalization of momentum space conformal symmetry. Even for non-dual conformal integrals this novel symmetry persists. The Yangian can thus be understood as the closure of massive dual conformal symmetry and this new massive momentum space conformal symmetry, which suggests an interpretation via AdS/CFT. As an application of our findings, we bootstrap the hypergeometric building blocks for examples of massive Feynman integrals.Comment: 6 pages, v2: typos corrected, clarifications added, v3: minor improvements/corrections, title adapted to journal titl

P2KMV: A Privacy-preserving Counting Sketch for Efficient and Accurate Set Intersection Cardinality Estimations

In this paper, we propose P2KMV, a novel privacy-preserving counting sketch, based on the k minimum values algorithm. With P2KMV, we offer a versatile privacy-enhanced technology for obtaining statistics, following the principle of data minimization, and aiming for the sweet spot between privacy, accuracy, and computational efficiency. As our main contribution, we develop methods to perform set operations, which facilitate cardinality estimates under strong privacy requirements. Most notably, we propose an efficient, privacy-preserving algorithm to estimate the set intersection cardinality. P2KMV provides plausible deniability for all data items contained in the sketch. We discuss the algorithm's privacy guarantees as well as the accuracy of the obtained estimates. An experimental evaluation confirms our analytical expectations and provides insights regarding parameter choices

Measurements of Streams Agitated by Fluid Loaded SAW-devices Using a Volumetric 3-component Measurement Technique (V3V)

Utilizing surface acoustic waves (SAW) to induce tailored fluid motion via the acoustic streaming requires detailed knowledge about the acoustic bulk wave excitation. For the first time, the Defocus Digital Particle Image Velocimetry is used to measure the fluid motion originating from a fluid loaded SAW-device. With this flow measurement technique, the acoustic streaming-induced fluid motion can be observed volumetrically, which is attractive not only for application, but also for simulation in order to gain deeper insights regarding three-dimensional acoustic effects

Yangian Bootstrap for Massive Feynman Integrals

We extend the study of the recently discovered Yangian symmetry of massive Feynman integrals and its relation to massive momentum space conformal symmetry. After proving the symmetry statements in detail at one and two loop orders, we employ the conformal and Yangian constraints to bootstrap various one-loop examples of massive Feynman integrals. In particular, we explore the interplay between Yangian symmetry and hypergeometric expressions of the considered integrals. Based on these examples we conjecture single series representations for all dual conformal one-loop integrals in D spacetime dimensions with generic massive propagators.Comment: 61 page

How has internal migration in Albania affected the receipt of transfers from family and friends?

Social networks of family and friends are very important in providing economic and social support to households. The massive internal migration flows towards the big cities in the transition countries like Albania can seriously affect such networks, and influence the support received. Previous migration studies have analysed mostly the transfers between the migrant and the family left behind. This study analyses households that migrate together to the peripheries of Tirana (Albania) after the fall of the communist regime. The frequencies of transfers received before and after migration are used to test the change in the composition of transfers and the substitution of family members by friends after migrating. The empirical analysis shows that households receive fewer transfers after migration, but financial transfers increase. Friends become increasingly more important after migration, substituting for transfers from siblings and more distant family relatives

How has internal migration in Albania affected the receipt of transfers from family and friends?

Social networks of family and friends are very important in providing economic and social support to households. The massive internal migration flows towards the big cities in the transition countries like Albania can seriously affect such networks, and influence the support received. Previous migration studies have analysed mostly the transfers between the migrant and the family left behind. This study analyses households that migrate together to the peripheries of Tirana (Albania) after the fall of the communist regime. The frequencies of transfers received before and after migration are used to test the change in the composition of transfers and the substitution of family members by friends after migrating. The empirical analysis shows that households receive fewer transfers after migration, but financial transfers increase. Friends become increasingly more important after migration, substituting for transfers from siblings and more distant family relatives

Infectious diseases during the European Union training mission Mali (EUTM MLI) - a four-year experience

Background: The European Union Training Mission Mali (EUTM MLI) is a multinational military training deployment to the Western African tropical nation of Mali. Based on routinely collected disease and non-battle injury surveillance data, this study quantifies the true impact of infectious diseases for this tropical mission and potential seasonal variations in infectious disease threats. Methods: Categorized health events during the EUTM MLI mission and associated lost working days were reported using the EpiNATO-2 report. Infection-related health events were descriptively analyzed for a 4-year period from the 12th week in 2013 to the 13th week in 2017. Aggregated EpiNATO-2 data collected from all missions other than EUTM MLI were used as a comparator. Results: Among the infectious diseases reported by EUTM MLI, non-severe upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal diseases dominated quantitatively, accounting for 1.65 and 1.42 consultations per 100 person-weeks, respectively. The number of recorded infectious disease-associated lost working days during the whole study interval was 723. Seasonal changes in disease frequency were detectable. More gastrointestinal infections were seen in the rainy season, and more respiratory infections occurred in the dry season;these were associated with peaks of more than 2.5 consultations per 100 person-weeks for both categories. Conclusions: Despite initial concerns focused on tropical infectious diseases during this mission in tropical Mali, upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal infections predominate. The relatively low number of reported lost working days may indicate that these infections are at the milder end of the spectrum of infectious diseases despite a likely reporting bias