7,060 research outputs found
The improved phytoextraction of lead (Pb) and the growth of maize (Zeamays L.): the role of plant growth regulators (GA3 and IAA) and EDTA alone and in combinations.
This investigation was made to examine the role of gibberellic acid (GA(3)), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and EDTA in improving phytoextraction of the Pb and plant growth on Pb added soil. GA(3), IAA and EDTA were applied separately and in combinations. GA(3) and IAA were applied as foliar spray and seed soaking. EDTA was applied in single and split doses. Analysis of the Pb in different parts of plant was carried out using atomic absorption/flame spectrophotometer. EDTA significantly reduced the plant growth and dry biomass, whereas GA(3) and IAA foliar spray increased it significantly when compared with control (only Pb added soil). In combined treatments of EDTA+GA(3) and EDTA+IAA, the growth and biomass was restored, which shows that GA(3) and IAA did compensate the negative effect of EDTA on plant growth. The separate treatments of EDTA, GA(3) and IAA increased the Pb uptake and translocation significantly moreover in combine treatments, synergistic effect was found and remarkable increase in Pb uptake and translocation into shoot was observed. EDTA increased the Pb uptake but declined the biomass; subsequently the total Pb accumulation was decreased in plant. The maximum total Pb was found in combined treatment of EDTA+GA(3). These findings suggest more investigation to find a combination of GA(3) with a very low concentration of EDTA, as in high concentration it causes soil and ground water pollution
The Impact of Chronic Liver Diseases on the Level of Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) Concentrations
Objectives: Heart-type fatty acid binding-protein (H-FABP) has been reported to be a potential novel biochemical marker for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The presence of H-FABP in the liver has not been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of chronic liver diseases on the level of H-FABP concentrations. Methods: The effects of chronic liver diseases including infective hepatitis and cirrhosis on the concentration of H-FABP was studied in a small group of patients (n=10, mean age ±SD = 58.33 ± 7.19 years). The serum concentrations of the following markers were measured: H-FABP, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin and compared with a reference control group (20 healthy blood donors, mean age ±SD = 63.8 ±8.01). Results: The serum concentrations of these markers in the control group as compared to patients with chronic liver disease were as follows (mean ± SD): H-FABP = 6.86 ±2.21 ”g/L versus 6.44 ±3.06 ”g/L (p = NS); ALT = 29.8 ±14.7 U/L versus ALT = 198.67 ±122.89 U/L (p < 0.0005) and bilirubin = 9.6 ±4.0 ”mol/L versus bilirubin = 100.89 ±87.85 ”mol/L (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: These data illustrate clearly that there is no significant interference with the normal concentration of H-FABP in the presence of liver diseases, despite the significant elevation of liver enzymes and proteins. These data may support a useful role of H-FABP for the diagnosis of myocardial injury in patients with liver diseases
Emergent Universe in the Braneworld Scenario
According to Padmanabhan's proposal, the difference between the surface
degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom in a region of space may
result in the acceleration of Universe expansion through the relation where and
are referred to the degrees of freedom related to the matter and energy content
inside the bulk and surface area, respectively \cite{Pad1}. In this paper, we
study the dynamical effect of the extrinsic geometrical embedding of an
arbitrary four dimensional brane in a higher dimensional bulk space and
investigate the corresponding degrees of freedom. Considering the modification
of Friedmann equations arising from a general braneworld scenario, we obtain a
correction term in Padmanabhan's relation, denoting the number of degrees of
freedom related to the extrinsic geometry of the brane embedded in higher
dimensional spacetime as where is referred to the degree of freedom related to the
extrinsic geometry of the brane while and are as
well as before. Finally, we study the validity of the first and second laws of
thermodynamics for this general braneworld scenario in the state of thermal
equilibrium and in the presence of confined matter fields to the brane with the
induced geometric matter fields.Comment: 16 pages, Major revisio
Graph Symmetry Detection and Canonical Labeling: Differences and Synergies
Symmetries of combinatorial objects are known to complicate search
algorithms, but such obstacles can often be removed by detecting symmetries
early and discarding symmetric subproblems. Canonical labeling of combinatorial
objects facilitates easy equivalence checking through quick matching. All
existing canonical labeling software also finds symmetries, but the fastest
symmetry-finding software does not perform canonical labeling. In this work, we
contrast the two problems and dissect typical algorithms to identify their
similarities and differences. We then develop a novel approach to canonical
labeling where symmetries are found first and then used to speed up the
canonical labeling algorithms. Empirical results show that this approach
outperforms state-of-the-art canonical labelers.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, Turing-10
Pengaruh Manfaat Dasar, Fisik & Tambahan pada Perilaku Pembelian Tabloid Soccer
The fierce competition in sport magazine industry cause the creativity of strategic marketing to manipulate on how to keep the loyality of their audience and exist in media industry. This research aims to give descriptions and explanation of correlation between variables : Basic Gratifications (X1) Physical Gratifications (X2). More others Gratifications (X3) and Duplication Purchasing Behaviour Soccer magazine (Y). by using regression statistic analysis, the results shows that hypothesis on this research is rejected. This means that there is no correlations between interdependent varibles with duplication purchasing behavior audience. Base on this results we suggest to media industry to create innovation and use modern technology of information and communication to challenge their market share in industrial market media and to keep their audience loyalty and increase of their sastifactions. For more studies this research can use and Gratifications theory to explore moe the gratification Sought and Gratification Obtaine
Sistem Kewarisan Islam dan Pemerataan Distribusi Kekayaan
Sistem Kewarisan Islam dan Pemerataan Distribusi Kekayaan. Distribusi pendapatan menjadi masalah rumit yang diperdebatkan kalangan ekonom. Sistem ekonomi kapitalisme memandangan bahwa seorang individu bebas dapat mengumpulkan dan mendapatkan penghasilan dengan menggunakan kemampuannya sendiri tanpa dibatasi.Sementara itu, sistem ekonomi sosialisme menganggap bahwa kebebasan mengancam kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, hak individu memiliki kekayaan harus dihapuskan dan diambil alih oleh pemerintah sehingga keadilan dapat diwujudkan dalam masyarakat. Sedangkan Islam memberikan prinsip dasar distribusi kekayaan dan pendapatan sehingga kekayaan tidak beredar di antara orang kaya. Dalam rangka mewujudkan cara keadilan, Islam menekankan tentang pentingnya kekayaan beredar di masyarakat melalui aturan kewarisan. Secara teoritis prinsip-prinsip kewarisan Islam mendorong keadilan ditribusi kekayaan
Economic Reforms in Indonesia after the 1997/98 Economic Crisis
This paper reviews the experience of undertaking reforms in Indonesia after the economic crisis 1997/98, focusing on the reforms made under the last two presidents : Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. The review leads the paper to draw some lessons from the experience. Among other, the role of IMF in disciplining the policy direction, and hence the reforms, is quite evident. This is in the light of dramatic change in the political economy of decision-making process after the crisis, where the power was shifted from the president to the government. The paper also finds that one important constraint for delivering a successful reform is nationalistic ideology which strongly opposes the mechanism for moving towards more efficient market. Meanwhile, in practical terms, the change in political architecture seems to have contributed to the coordination problems across the governmental agencies and ministries, which leads to slow progress in the policy implementation.Indonesia, Organisation of government, IMF
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