Internal Controls in Jordanian Banks and Compliance Risk

The study aim to determine the tools and techniques of internal control that could be applied through its dynamic systems and by deploying a risk management approach that banks could establish when addressing compliance risk for monitoring and control purposes; also investigating whether or not Jordanian banks are applying integrated internal controls to deal with possible compliance risks. The researcher distributed the 15 questionnaires for banks in Jordan undertaken. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted.The findings have revealed that Jordanian banks apply integrated internal controls through its dynamic and the enforcement of those controls into systems, people and processes in order to mitigate and deal with compliance risks that could be facing those banks. Moreover internal controls in banks to be successful in promoting sound and effective in order to deal with compliance risks, regulators and governments should demonstrate to banks in Jordan how significant internal controls are, so that they can be able to cope with the risks they are exposed to more efficiently. In addition this study will be of value to those interested in compliance management through integrated internal controls in the banking industry. Keywords: Internal Controls, Risk management, Compliance, Jordanian banks

Impact of Human Competencies on Caritas Jordan Employees Performance

This study aimed at investigating the impact of human competencies (Behavioral, Functional, and Managerial), on Caritas Jordan employees' performance; to achieve this aim the study surveyed Caritas Jordan employees. A questionnaire was designed to collect the required data. The study sample and population consisted of Caritas employees (managers, supervisors, and caseworkers). Caritas Jordan Human Resources department helped to distribute the questionnaires to all branches that are located in 10 cities (Amman, Zarqa, Madaba, Jarash, Ajloun, Huson, Fuhais, Salt, and Karak). The questionnaires were distributed, and 212 statically viable questionnaires were gathered, the collected data was analyzed by using different statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regressions, the SPSS software was used. The questionnaires were evaluated by a panel of experts, and the employees of Caritas Jordan. The results indicated positive relationships between behavioral, functional, and managerial human competencies, and suggested the enhancement of employees' performance at Caritas Jordan. The behavioral competence was the one with the highest importance among the three competencies, and the results showed that the respondent believed that there was a strong interrelated connection between the three independent variables and the employees' performance. Finally, the study suggested that the management has to undertake some decisions to improve the employees' performance. Keywords: Competencies, Behavioral Competences, Functional Competences, Managerial Competencies, Employee Performance, Carita

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Practices of Islamic Banks in Jordan a Case Study on Jordan Islamic Bank

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Do Financial Knowledge and Financial Experience Affect the Gender Risk Taking Attitude?

In today’s advance and complex financial world financial literacy is essential for male and female. The study analyzed the effects of financial knowledge and financial experience on risk taking attitude of male and females of two major cities namely Rawalpindi and Islamabad by utilizing the results of survey from the questionnaire. From the results, it was found that with an increase in financial experience and financial knowledge of male investors, their risk taking propensity is expected to increase. However for females, the risk taking propensity is likely to increase with an increase in financial knowledge and it expected to decrease with increase in financial experience. The reason for such negative relation between financial experience and risk aversion propensity may be “over-cautiousness” Keywords: Financial Knowledge, financial experience, gender, risk taking attitude

Information Technology Governance Control Level in Jordanian Banks Using: Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT 5)

Information technology is considered a sensitive part for most strategies in the global market competition. There are plenty of factors indicating expansion in the world of information technology, the matter that places greater demands on the control of the environment for information technology and augments the need to mitigate risk and cost control related to the IT environment information.  Hence, the importance of emphasizing the horizons of information, and the existence of effective controls on the IT environment should be designed for information technology services used by several parties, managers, auditors and owners. This should facilitate controls and offer the opportunity to re - engineer the applications of the existing regulatory environment, which requires a comprehensive review and redesign of the regulatory controls. To respond to any changes in the business environment, executives must ensure that information technology works with the greatest possible efficiency to help achieve goals and objectives. Growing competitive advantage, ensuring compliance and continuity, security and privacy are essential in order to achieve effective management for Information Technology related risks as well as maximal benefits in technology investment. Keywords: Business goal, Enterprise Governance of IT, IT governance, Organizational structure, Risk management

Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability

Industry 4.0 is a concept that originated from the German industry, and whose essence is the use of technology for efficient production. In business today, the emergence of Industry 4.0 for production, and its related technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber-physical systems, amongst others, have, however, a negative impact on environmental sustainability as a result of air pollution, the poor discharge of waste, and the intensive use of raw materials, information, and energy. The method used in this study is an analysis of a literature review of manuscripts discussing topics related to Industry 4.0 and environmental sustainability published between 2000 and 2020. There is currently a gap existing between the actual and the desired situation, in that production occurs in a weak sustainability model, and, therefore, this research debates the effects on environmental sustainability and the challenges facing Industry 4.0. Four scenarios are discussed: a deployment scenario, an operation scenario, integration and compliance with sustainable development goals, and a long-run scenario. The results indicate that there is a negative relationship related to the flow of the production process from the inputs to the final product, including raw materials, energy requirements, information, and waste disposal, and their impacts on the environment. However, the integration of Industry 4.0 and the sustainable development goals enhance environmental sustainability to create ecological support that guarantees high environmental performance with a more positive impact than before. This paper will help stakeholders and companies to provide solutions to the existing environmental challenges that can be mediated through adopting new technologies. The novelty of this study is its depiction of Industry 4.0 and its technologies integrated with sustainable development goals to create a sustainable Industry 4.0 combining environmental protection and sustainability

The service quality dimensions that affect customer satisfaction in the Jordanian banking sector

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The Effect of Operational Flexibility on Performance: A Field Study on Small and Medium-sized Industrial Companies in Jordan

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The impact of green marketing on consumers’ attitudes: A moderating role of green product awareness

This study aims to determine the impact of green marketing (green perceived value), green products (green buildings), and environmental concerns on Jordanian consumers’ attitudes toward buying green buildings in Jordan. The research population includes all consumers in Amman, the capital of Jordan, who might be interested in buying such buildings. A convenience sample is used to collect data from the respondents by distributing the questionnaire among 400 consumers using Google Forms. 357 questionnaires were found valid for statistical analysis. The results of the multiple regression test showed that R equals 0.815, which indicated that green marketing and consumers’ attitudes toward buying green buildings in Jordan are positively and highly correlated, with a percentage of 81.5%. R square equals 0.664, indicating that the variation in green marketing explains 66.4% of the variance in consumers’ attitudes toward green buildings in Jordan. Moreover, the hierarchical multiple regression test showed that there is an increase in R and R2 values in the existence of product awareness as a moderating variable between green marketing and consumers’ attitudes toward buying green buildings in Jordan

Creative accounting determination and financial reporting quality: the integration of transparency and disclosure

The phenomenon of creative accounting has attracted the attention of researchers for decades, especially in the financial sector for its implications on the quality of financial reporting. Although several procedures have been developed by researchers and practitioners to determine any manipulation in financial reporting, the practice of creative accounting is still prevalent, resulting in poor quality financial reporting. The present study investigated the moderating role of transparency and disclosure with respect to enhancing the impact of creative accounting determinants and financial reporting quality in the context of commercial banking. A deductive research method driven by a survey questionnaire is used to examine the proposed hypotheses and attain the designed objectives. The analysed data provide a theoretical conceptualisation and practical validation for the integration of the moderator in the relationship between creative accounting determinants and financial reporting quality in banks, with significant advantages. Furthermore, the present research findings show that the degree of impact for creative accounting determinants is linked to the aspects of transparency and disclosure. Lastly, the results present concurrent evidence of the flexibility of creative accounting determinants with implications for transparency and disclosure and financial reporting quality