Depressive Symptoms during Pregnancy and the Concentration of Fatty Acids in Breast Milk

The aim of the present study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms in pregnancy and the concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in breast milk. Women (n =287) enrolled in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in pregnancy (<20 and 24–29 weeks) and had LCPUFAs measured in breast milk (4 months postpartum). Multiple linear regression was used to examine associations between depressive symptoms and breast milk LCPUFAs. Increasing depressive symptoms at <20 weeks were associated with lower docosahexaenoic acid concentrations (adjusted β=−1.15, 95% confidence interval =−2.12, −0.19). No similar associations were observed with other fatty acids nor between symptoms at 24–29 weeks and LCPUFAs. Depressive symptoms, even in the subclinical range, early in pregnancy are inversely associated with breast milk docosahexaenoic acid. This may have implications for the timing of screening and interventions for perinatal depression and the nutritional value of breast milk

A Novel Vision for Navigation and Enrichment in Cultural Heritage Collections

International audienceIn the cultural heritage domain, there is a huge interest in utilizing semantic web technology and build services enabling users to query, explore and access the vast body of cultural heritage information that has been created over decades by memory institutions. For successful conversion of existing data into semantic web data, however, there is often a need to enhance and enrich the legacy data to validate and align it with other resources and reveal its full potential. In this visionary paper, we describe a framework for semantic enrichment that relies on the creation of thematic knowledge bases, i.e., about a given topic. These knowledge bases aggregate information by exploiting structured resources (e.g., Linked Open Data cloud) and by extracting new relationships from streams (e.g., Twitter) and textual documents (e.g., web pages). Our focused application in this paper is how this approach can be utilized when transforming library records into semantic web data based on the FRBR model in the process that commonly is called FRBRization

Robust argumentative zoning for sensemaking in scholarly documents

10.1007/978-3-642-23160-5_10Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)6699 LNCS154-17

Longitudinal Consumption of Ergothioneine Reduces Oxidative Stress and Amyloid Plaques and Restores Glucose Metabolism in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Background: Ergothioneine (ERGO) is a unique antioxidant and a rare amino acid available in fungi and various bacteria but not in higher plants or animals. Substantial research data indicate that ERGO is a physiological antioxidant cytoprotectant. Different from other antioxidants that need to breach the blood–brain barrier to enter the brain parenchyma, a specialized transporter called OCTN1 has been identified for transporting ERGO to the brain. Purpose: To assess whether consumption of ERGO can prevent the progress of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on young (4-month-old) 5XFAD mice. Methods and materials: Three cohorts of mice were tested in this study, including ERGO-treated 5XFAD, non-treated 5XFAD, and WT mice. After the therapy, the animals went through various behavioral experiments to assess cognition. Then, mice were scanned with PET imaging to evaluate the biomarkers associated with AD using [11C]PIB, [11C]ERGO, and [18F]FDG radioligands. At the end of imaging, the animals went through cardiac perfusion, and the brains were isolated for immunohistology. Results: Young (4-month-old) 5XFAD mice did not show a cognitive deficit, and thus, we observed modest improvement in the treated counterparts. In contrast, the response to therapy was clearly detected at the molecular level. Treating 5XFAD mice with ERGO resulted in reduced amyloid plaques, oxidative stress, and rescued glucose metabolism. Conclusions: Consumption of high amounts of ERGO benefits the brain. ERGO has the potential to prevent AD. This work also demonstrates the power of imaging technology to assess response during therapy.Medicine, Faculty ofOphthalmology and Visual Sciences, Department ofReviewedFacultyResearche