Takayasu's arteritis associated with Crohn's disease: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>The simultaneous presence of Takayasu's arteritis and Crohn's disease in a patient seems to be rare. To our knowledge, no patient with the combination of Crohn's disease and Takayasu's arteritis has been reported from our region.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>Herein we present the case of a 22-year-old Iranian woman previously diagnosed as Crohn's disease and who had subsequently developed Takayasu's arteritis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Clinical suspicion, proper imaging, and consideration of the differential diagnosis are important for the correct diagnosis and management of patients with this coincidence.</p

Effects of Caffeine on Morphine Tolerance and Analgesia in Mice: Caffeine attenuates morphine effects

Caffeine, an adenosine A1, A2A, and A2B receptor antagonist, is frequently used as an adjuvant analgesic in combination with non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeine on preventing the development of morphine tolerance and analgesia in mice. In this study, different groups of mice received morphine (30 mg/kg) + saline (10 ml/kg), or morphine (30 mg/kg) + caffeine (10, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg) i.p. once a day for four days. Tolerance was assessed by administration of morphine (9 mg/kg) and using hot-plate test on the fifth day. Analgesic effects of caffeine also were evaluated alone or in combination with different doses of morphine. It was found that pretreatment with caffeine (75, 100 mg/kg) decreased the degree of morphine tolerance significantly (p&lt;0.01). Combination of caffeine (10, 50 mg/kg) with morphine (3, 6, 9 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in morphine analgesic effect (p&lt;0.01). But, in high doses of caffeine (100 mg/kg) the analgesic effect of morphine increased significantly (p&lt;0.01). This effect was inhibited by atropine (5 mg/kg, SC). These effects can be related to different mechanisms of caffeine in different doses and the effects of caffeine to the release of acetylcholine

Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Some Heavy Metals in Street Dusts Collected from Industrial, Commercial and Residential Areas of City of Hamedan in 2019 Using the Ecotoxicological Criteria

Trace elements are the common pollutants of soils, sediments and street dust in the urban environment, which pose a potential threat to public health. Therefore, this study was conducted to potential ecological risk assessment of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in street dust collected from industrial, commercial and residential areas of city of Hamedan in 2019 using ecotoxicological criteria. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 378 street dust specimens were collected from 18 sampling sites. After acid digestion of dust specimens, the element contents were determined using ICP-OES. Also, potential ecological risk factor (Er), risk index (RI) and the ecotoxicological criteria were calculated. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS software. Results: Based on the results obtained, the mean contents of the examined elements in dust specimens (mg/kg) were 2.31, 0.225, 41.3, 48.8, 65.2, 79.2 and 211 for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn, respectively. The computed values of Er showed that, factor values were decreased in the order Cd > As > Pb > Ni > Cu > Zn > Cr. Also, the mean values of RI with 77 represented that, all the examined elements have the "low potential ecological risk". Moreover, the computed values of the ecotoxicological criteria showed that the street dust specimens of the study area were non-polluted with trace elements. Conclusion: Although the examined elements have been shown the low potential ecological risk, Cd with 38.2% of the mean values of RI showed significant potential to occurrence the ecological risk, therefore, source identification and sources control of this element and also periodic monitoring of contaminated soils are recommended for maintenance of public health

The First Physical Therapy Summit on Global Health: Implications and Recommendations for the 21st century

The First Physical Therapy Summit on Global Health was convened at the 2007 World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) Congress to vision practice in the 21st century and, in turn, entry-level education and research, as informed by epidemiological indicators, and consistent with evidence-based noninvasive interventions, the hallmark of physical therapy. The Summit and its findings were informed by WHO data and validated through national databases of the countries of the five WCPT regions. The health priorities based on mortality were examined in relation to proportions of physical therapists practicing in the areas of regional priorities and of the curricula in entry-level programs. As a validation check and to contextualize the findings, input from members of the 800 Summit participants was integrated and international consultants refined the recommendations. Lifestyle-related conditions (ischemic heart disease, smoking-related conditions, hypertension, stroke, cancer, and diabetes) were leading causes of premature death across regions. Contemporary definitions of physical therapy support that the profession has a leading role in preventing, reversing, as well as managing lifestyle-related conditions. The proportions of practitioners practicing primarily in these priority areas and of the entry-level curricula based on these priorities were low. The proportions of practitioners in priority areas and entry-level curricula devoted to lifestyle-related conditions warrant being better aligned with the prevalence of these conditions across regions in the 21st century. A focus on clinical competencies associated with effective health education and health behavior change formulates the basis for The Second Physical Therapy Summit on Global Health. © Informa Healthcare USA, Inc