Reproduksi Mekanis pada Karya Seni dan Kaitannya dengan Peran Seniman sebagai Produsen

Reproduksi mekanis pada karya seni adalah salah satu hal dasar yang penulis pelajari di studio seni grafis. Latar belakang penulis sebagai pegrafis menumbuhkan ketertarikan untuk menggali berbagai potensi estetik yang ada pada proses reproduksi mekanis sebagai cara untuk memperbanyak jumlah karya seni orisinal. Penulis menemukan kemiripan proses reproduksi mekanis cetak grafis dengan proses kerja sebuah pabrik industri. Peran seniman bagi penulis menjadi mirip dengan peran seorang pekerja manual, yaitu sama-sama sebagai produsen. Hal ini menjadi pondasi atas rasa solidaritas yang dimiliki penulis terhadap kaum pekerja. Penulis ingin menyampaikan melalui karya Tugas Akhir ini sebuah manifestasi atas ideologi yang dimiliki penulis, dengan inspirasi estetik dari bentuk bentuk yang ada pada lingkungan.pekerja di sekitar penulis, serta memanfaatkan potensi multiplikatif yang ada pada proses reproduksi mekanis

Quantum singularities in a model of f(R) Gravity

The formation of a naked singularity in a model of f(R) gravity having as source a linear electromagnetic field is considered in view of quantum mechanics. Quantum test fields obeying the Klein-Gordon, Dirac and Maxwell equations are used to probe the classical timelike naked singularity developed at r=0. We prove that the spatial derivative operator of the fields fails to be essentially self-adjoint. As a result, the classical timelike naked singularity remains quantum mechanically singular when it is probed with quantum fields having different spin structures.Comment: 12 pages, final version. Accepted for publication in EPJ

The Quantum Emergence of Chaos

The dynamical status of isolated quantum systems, partly due to the linearity of the Schrodinger equation is unclear: Conventional measures fail to detect chaos in such systems. However, when quantum systems are subjected to observation -- as all experimental systems must be -- their dynamics is no longer linear and, in the appropriate limit(s), the evolution of expectation values, conditioned on the observations, closely approaches the behavior of classical trajectories. Here we show, by analyzing a specific example, that microscopic continuously observed quantum systems, even far from any classical limit, can have a positive Lyapunov exponent, and thus be truly chaotic.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Stochastic approach to inflation II: classicality, coarse-graining and noises

In this work we generalize a previously developed semiclassical approach to inflation, devoted to the analysis of the effective dynamics of coarse-grained fields, which are essential to the stochastic approach to inflation. We consider general non-trivial momentum distributions when defining these fields. The use of smooth cutoffs in momentum space avoids highly singular quantum noise correlations and allows us to consider the whole quantum noise sector when analyzing the conditions for the validity of an effective classical dynamical description of the coarse-grained field. We show that the weighting of modes has physical consequences, and thus cannot be considered as a mere mathematical artifact. In particular we discuss the exponential inflationary scenario and show that colored noises appear with cutoff dependent amplitudes.Comment: 18 pages, revtex, no figure

Chaos in Time Dependent Variational Approximations to Quantum Dynamics

Dynamical chaos has recently been shown to exist in the Gaussian approximation in quantum mechanics and in the self-consistent mean field approach to studying the dynamics of quantum fields. In this study, we first show that any variational approximation to the dynamics of a quantum system based on the Dirac action principle leads to a classical Hamiltonian dynamics for the variational parameters. Since this Hamiltonian is generically nonlinear and nonintegrable, the dynamics thus generated can be chaotic, in distinction to the exact quantum evolution. We then restrict attention to a system of two biquadratically coupled quantum oscillators and study two variational schemes, the leading order large N (four canonical variables) and Hartree (six canonical variables) approximations. The chaos seen in the approximate dynamics is an artifact of the approximations: this is demonstrated by the fact that its onset occurs on the same characteristic time scale as the breakdown of the approximations when compared to numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation.Comment: 10 pages (12 figures), RevTeX (plus macro), uses epsf, minor typos correcte

Predictors of mortality in brain abscess

Objective: Brain abscess carries significant morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to elucidate the clinical presentation of brain abscess and to assess predictors of mortality in these patients.Methods: All patients with a brain abscess presenting to the Aga Khan University Hospital, a tertiary care referral center in Karachi, Pakistan, were studied retrospectively. Statistical analysis involved univariate analysis and a logistic regression model.Results: Among the 66 patients analyzed, a distant metastatic focus of infection was the most commonly identified predisposing factor (29%). Otogenic infection was the commonest contiguous source and sinusitis was noticeably absent. Multiple abscesses were frequent (35%). Streptococci were the most common isolates (39%). Lumbar puncture was performed in 44% and steroids administered in 33%. Treatment was surgical in 58%. Most comatose patients were treated conservatively. Overall mortality was 29%. Univariate analysis identified comatose presentation and identification of a distant focus of infection as predictors of mortality. The logistic regression model, however, identified a distant focus of infection as the only independent predictor.Conclusion: Age greater than 30 years, corticosteroid use, multiple abscesses, performance of lumbar puncture and conservative management had no affect on outcome

Lean manufacturing culture: The role of human perceptions of standardized work

The final publication is available at IOS Press through http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-902-7-523.Lean implementation and its sustainability are strongly coupled with organizational culture and consequently the culture defines success. Organizational culture is strongly linked with organizational dynamics. Work standardization is one of the lean tools whose role in terms of organizational performance improvement has been claimed in the literature; however, its implications in terms of employee's perceptions are still controversial. This study aims at investigating the effect of position on employee's perception about the standardized work. Four textile manufacturing companies in Pakistan were selected for the purpose of data collection, where the implementation level of the tool and organizational maturity towards lean adoption were initially measured. A questionnaire was administered to 326 employees from these organizations. The overall data sample was divided into two categories (white-collar and blue-collar). Data analysis was by F-tests (for identifying significance levels) and separate regression analyses (for identifying variables associated with negative perceptions of employees). A significant difference was found between white-collar employees, who were generally positive about the standardization of work, and the blue-collar employees that had negative perceptions. Moreover, the study concluded that positive perceptions about standardized work are directly linked with job satisfaction and inversely linked with job stress

Solutions for f(R) gravity coupled with electromagnetic field

In the presence of external, linear / nonlinear electromagnetic fields we integrate f(R) \sim R+2{\alpha}\surd(R+const.) gravity equations. In contrast to their Einsteinian cousins the obtained black holes are non-asymptotically flat with a deficit angle. In proper limits we obtain from our general solution the global monopole solution in f(R) gravity. The scale symmetry breaking term adopted as the nonlinear electromagnetic source adjusts the sign of the mass of the resulting black hole to be physical.Comment: 7 pages no figure, final version for publication in European Physical Journal

Eksperimentasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Dengan Pendekatan Ctl Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Dan Aspek Afektif Siswa Pada Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Spasial

The aims of this research were to find out the different effect of the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach, the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type, and the direct learning model towards students mathematics learning achievement and affective aspect on the subject of plane geometry viewed from the students spatial ability, and category of spatial ability consisted of high, medium and low. The research was quasi experimental. The population was all students of grade VIII State Junior High School in Madiun City on the second semester of 2013/2014 academic years. The sample of this research consisted of 261 students. The instrument used to collect data was mathematics achievement test, questionnaire of students affective aspect and spatial ability test. The hypothesis test used unbalanced two ways multivariate analysis of variance. The results of the research were as follows. (1) The cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach and the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type gaves a better achievement than direct learning model, and the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach gaves the same achievement as the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type. (2) The cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach gaves a better achievement than the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type and direct learning model, and the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type gaves a better achievement than direct learning model. (3) Students with the high spatial ability had better achievement than students with the medium and low spatial ability, and students with the medium spatial ability had better achievement than students with the low spatial ability. (4) Students with the high spatial ability had better affective aspect than students with the medium and low spatial ability, and students with the medium spatial ability had the same affective aspect as students with the the low spatial ability. (5) On the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach, Jigsaw type and direct learning model, students with the high spatial ability had better achievement than students with the medium and low spatial ability, and students with the medium spatial ability had better achievement than students with the low spatial ability. (6) On the cooperative learning models of Jigsaw type with CTL approach and Jigsaw type, students with the high, medium and low spatial ability had the same affective aspects. On the direct learning model, students with the high spatial ability had better affective aspects than students with the medium spatial ability, while students with the high and low spatial ability and students with the medium and low spatial ability had the same affective aspects. (7) On students spatial ability high, medium and low, the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach and the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type gaves a better achievement than direct learning model, and the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach gaves the same achievement as the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type. (8) On students with the high and medium spatial ability, the cooperative learning model of Jigsaw type with CTL approach, Jigsaw type and direct learning model gives the same affective aspect. On students with the medium spatial ability, the cooperative learning of Jigsaw type with CTL approach gaves a better affective aspect than the direct learning model, while the cooperative learning of Jigsaw type with CTL approach and Jigsaw and also the cooperative learning of Jigsaw type and direct learning model gaves the same affective aspect