Kirjallisuuskatsaus: Eläimet osana matkailutoiminta

Literature review: Animals as part of tourism Tourism is one of the social practices in which human-animal encounters are direct and conscious. Animals not only play a key role in the creation of tourism and leisure experiences, but they have even become icons and symbols of destinations around the world. Hence, the theoretical problematization of human-animal relationships is clearly reflected in the tourism context, where animals are turned into resources controlled by tourism organizations to serve organizational goals. It is not surprising that concern for the rights and welfare of animals used in tourism has been growing among tourism scholars and the public in general. This literature review contributes to a better understanding of human-animal encounters in tourism by examining the focus of this discussion within the scope of tourism studies. Results indicate that human-animal encounters in tourism have largely been approached from ethical, consumer and management perspectives. In doing so, most attention has been on evaluating the role of animals in the production of different tourism experiences, as well as their rights and welfare in relation to the work they perform. Relatively few studies have examined the position, meaning and active agency of animals as a part of human-animal tourism encounters.Tourism is one of the social practices in which human-animal encounters are direct and conscious. Animals not only play a key role in the creation of tourism and leisure experiences, but they have even become icons and symbols of destinations around the world. Hence, the theoretical problematization of human-animal relationships is clearly reflected in the tourism context, where animals are turned into resources controlled by tourism organizations to serve organizational goals. It is not surprising that concern for the rights and welfare of animals used in tourism has been growing among tourism scholars and the public in general. This literature review contributes to a better understanding of human-animal encounters in tourism by examining the focus of this discussion within the scope of tourism studies. Results indicate that human-animal encounters in tourism have largely been approached from ethical, consumer and management perspectives. In doing so, most attention has been on evaluating the role of animals in the production of different tourism experiences, as well as their rights and welfare in relation to the work they perform. Relatively few studies have examined the position, meaning and active agency of animals as a part of human-animal tourism encounters

Critical social scientific tourism research in Finland

Tässä katsausartikkelissa Lapin yliopiston matkailututkijat tarkastelevat teemoja, joiden voidaan katsoa sijoittuvan suomalaisen kriittisen yhteiskuntatieteellisen matkailututkimuksen keskiöön. Uuden työn, matkailun vastuullisen talouden, hitauden ja läheisyyden, monilajisuuden, osallisuuden ja kulttuurisensitiivisyyden teemojen kautta on viime vuosina rakennettu aktiivisesti tutkimusta, jota voisi kuvailla Matkailututkimuksen pohjoista koulukuntaa (Nordic School of Tourism Research) edustavaksi tutkimukseksi – tutkimukseksi, joka pyrkii muun muassa purkamaan vastakkainasetteluita (kuten me ja toiset, luonto ja kulttuuri) ja ottaa aktiivisesti kantaa siihen, millaisia matkailun maailmoja tutkijat ovat tutkimuksen kautta luomassa. Kriittinen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tutkimusote näkyy käsillä olevan katsauksen teemoissa myös siinä, että useampi teemoista tuo esiin myös muiden kuin ihmistoimijoiden roolin yhteiskuntatieteellisiä kysymyksiä käsiteltäessä.In this review article, tourism researchers from the University of Lapland examine themes that have become central to the critical social scientific tourism research in Finland. In recent years, themes such as new work, responsible tourism economy, slowness and proximity, multi-species approach, inclusion, and cultural sensitivity have actively constructed research that could be described as research representing the Nordic School of Tourism Research. It seeks, among other things, to deconstruct dichotomies (such as us and others, nature and culture) and takes an active position on the kinds of tourism worlds researchers are creating through their work. The critical research approach can be seen in the themes of the present review, for instance, in that several of them also highlight the role of non-human actors in addressing social scientific questions