How to Reduce Employee Turnover Intention in Retail Environment? Role of Off-the-Job Embeddedness

Although many studies have been done about the role of job embeddedness in many industries and contexts, little research is available on how job embeddedness affects retail employees’ employment intention. Therefore, this study aimed to explore off-the-job embeddedness and its impact on turnover or employment intention for employees in retail environment—especially part-time retail employees who may view their current jobs as temporary

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in older adults : clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and comorbidity

Purpose of Review Chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common condition that significantly affects patients' life. This work aims to provide an up-to-date overview of CRSwNP in older adults, focusing on its aging-related clinical presentations, pathophysiology, and comorbidity associations including asthma. Recent Findings Recent large population-based studies using nasal endoscopy have shown that CRSwNP is a mostly late-onset disease. Age-related changes in physiologic functions, including nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction, may underlie the incidence and different clinical presentations of CRSwNP in older adults. However, there is still a paucity of evidence on the effect of aging on phenotypes and endotypes of CRSwNP. Meanwhile, late-onset asthma is a major comorbid condition in patients with CRSwNP; they frequently present with type 2 inflammatory signatures that are refractory to conventional treatments when they are comorbid. However, as they are more commonly non-atopic, causative factors other than classical atopic sensitization, such as Staphylococcus aureus specific IgE sensitization, are suggested to drive the type 2 inflammation. There are additional comorbidity associations in older patients with CRSwNP, including those with chronic otitis media and head and neck malignancy. Age is a major determinant for the incidence and clinical presentations of CRSwNP. Given the heterogeneity in phenotypes and endotypes, longitudinal investigations are warranted to elucidate the effects of aging on CRSwNP

Domain-Aware Fine-Tuning: Enhancing Neural Network Adaptability

Fine-tuning pre-trained neural network models has become a widely adopted approach across various domains. However, it can lead to the distortion of pre-trained feature extractors that already possess strong generalization capabilities. Mitigating feature distortion during adaptation to new target domains is crucial. Recent studies have shown promising results in handling feature distortion by aligning the head layer on in-distribution datasets before performing fine-tuning. Nonetheless, a significant limitation arises from the treatment of batch normalization layers during fine-tuning, leading to suboptimal performance. In this paper, we propose Domain-Aware Fine-Tuning (DAFT), a novel approach that incorporates batch normalization conversion and the integration of linear probing and fine-tuning. Our batch normalization conversion method effectively mitigates feature distortion by reducing modifications to the neural network during fine-tuning. Additionally, we introduce the integration of linear probing and fine-tuning to optimize the head layer with gradual adaptation of the feature extractor. By leveraging batch normalization layers and integrating linear probing and fine-tuning, our DAFT significantly mitigates feature distortion and achieves improved model performance on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms other baseline methods, demonstrating its effectiveness in not only improving performance but also mitigating feature distortion

Differing Expectations for Corporate Moral Responsibility: A Product Category Analysis

The moral responsibility theory of corporate sustainability (MRCS) argues that according to the concept of corporate personhood, a corporation has moral responsibilities toward society and the environment, and can determine its level of commitment to meet those responsibilities (Ha-Brookshire, 2015). Using the MRCS theory, Jung and Ha-Brookshire (2017) attempted to empirically demonstrate U.S. consumers’ perceptions on a variety of corporate moral responsibility activities performed by consumer product companies, to determine whether each activity is a perfect or imperfect duty. Therefore, this exploratory study raised the following research question: What are the differences in consumers’ expectations toward corporate moral responsibility, from perfect, imperfect, or no duty, for various sustainability activities carried out by different consumer product companies? With 4,000 invitations, 1,046 complete responses were returned and analyzed (26.15% of response rate). U.S. consumers believe working conditions support to be a firm’s most important responsibility to fulfill. At the same time, transparency had the lowest mean, suggesting it is viewed as something good to do but not a necessary duty to fulfill all the time. Consumer responses to clothing and food product companies were fairly similar to each other, potentially rejecting our assumption that there are different expectations for these products. Further research is recommended to investigate consumer expectations for sustainability in diverse product categories in relation to their intimacy to consumers and/or perceived health risks