Spectrographic analysis of bismuth-tin eutectic alloys by spark-ignited low-voltage ac-arc excitation

Spectrographic method determines individual stainless steel components in molten bismuth-42 w/o tin eutectic to determine the solubility of Type 304 stainless steels. It utilizes the high sensitivity and precision of the spark-ignited, low-voltage ac-arc excitation of samples rendered homogeneous by dissolution

Shades of Grey: guidelines for working with the grey literature in systematic reviews for management and organizational studies

This paper suggests how the ‘grey literature’, the diverse and heterogeneous body of material that is made public outside, and not subject to, traditional academic peer-review processes, can be used to increase the relevance and impact of management and organization studies (MOS). The authors clarify the possibilities by reviewing 140 systematic reviews published in academic and practitioner outlets to answer the following three questions: (i) Why is grey literature excluded from/included in systematic reviews in MOS? (ii) What types of grey material have been included in systematic reviews since guidelines for practice were first established in this discipline? (iii) How is the grey literature treated currently to advance management and organization scholarship and knowledge? This investigation updates previous guidelines for more inclusive systematic reviews that respond to criticisms of current review practices and the needs of evidence-based management

A Comparative Analysis of Advertising Agencies and Commercial Printing Companies to Determine the Relationship Between Employee Education Level and Implementation of Participative Decision Making

The subject of investigation for this study involves a segment of human relations. An understanding of the entire field of human relations is essential for justification of the finding which relate to the particular segment. The area of human relations of concern in this study involves a theory often called “participative decision making.” It is the theory which is dependent upon other closely related areas. Motivation, satisfaction and other factors which are prevalent in personal fulfillment are important things to consider in relation to the theory. Because of interdependence, one must relate research concerning participative decision making to other areas of human relations which have been explored by behavioral scientists. Communication is one means which individuals often use for personal fulfillment of psychological needs. A situation structured by organization allows management to communicate with subordinates. Subordinates, however, frequently find it difficult to communicate effectively with superiors. Human wants and needs are difficult to satisfy when communication barriers exist. This basic problems arise when upward flow of information is restricted. It is therefore becoming increasingly important that management become aware of the psychological factors which determine all human activities