2,886 research outputs found
A Global Method for a Two-Dimensional Cutting Stock Problem in the Manufacturing Industry
A two-dimensional cutting stock problem (2DCSP) needs to cut a set of given rectangular items from standard-sized rectangular materials with the objective of minimizing the number of materials used. This problem frequently arises in different manufacturing industries such as glass, wood, paper, plastic, etc. However, the current literatures lack a deterministic method for solving the 2DCSP. However, this study proposes a global method to solve the 2DCSP. It aims to reduce the number of binary variables for the proposed model to speed up the solving time and obtain the optimal solution. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to current reference methods for solving the 2DCSP
InfoFlowNet: A Multi-head Attention-based Self-supervised Learning Model with Surrogate Approach for Uncovering Brain Effective Connectivity
Deciphering brain network topology can enhance the depth of neuroscientific
knowledge and facilitate the development of neural engineering methods.
Effective connectivity, a measure of brain network dynamics, is particularly
useful for investigating the directional influences among different brain
regions. In this study, we introduce a novel brain causal inference model named
InfoFlowNet, which leverages the self-attention mechanism to capture
associations among electroencephalogram (EEG) time series. The proposed method
estimates the magnitude of directional information flow (dIF) among EEG
processes by measuring the loss of model inference resulting from the shuffling
of the time order of the original time series. To evaluate the feasibility of
InfoFlowNet, we conducted experiments using a synthetic time series and two EEG
datasets. The results demonstrate that InfoFlowNet can extract time-varying
causal relationships among processes, reflected in the fluctuation of dIF
values. Compared with the Granger causality model and temporal causal discovery
framework, InfoFlowNet can identify more significant causal edges underlying
EEG processes while maintaining an acceptable computation time. Our work
demonstrates the potential of InfoFlowNet for analyzing effective connectivity
in EEG data. The findings highlight the importance of effective connectivity in
understanding the complex dynamics of the brain network
The Role Of The CEO, Executive Team, And Workforce Metrics Of A Small University In The U.S.
The Role of the CEO, Executive Team, and Workforce Metrics of a small University in the U.S. is not just a question of academic standards. The 21st century requirements of education involve a wider set of attributes, equipping the young with social and organizational skills to cope with adult life inside and outside the workplace (Barber, 2001). It is necessary to describe the importance of aligning clear strategic priorities with workforce metric of a small university in the U.S. In addition, effective strategy execution requires a new partnership between the CEO, the workforce, and a small university’s HR function. Therefore, providing insights into the execution challenge, with examples of how a small university has developed workforce and HR strategies to drive strategy execution efforts, and offering suggestions about workforce metrics might enhance the success in strategy execution
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Liquid biopsy genotyping in lung cancer: ready for clinical utility?
Liquid biopsy is a blood test that detects evidence of cancer cells or tumor DNA in the circulation. Despite complicated collection methods and the requirement for technique-dependent platforms, it has generated substantial interest due, in part, to its potential to detect driver oncogenes such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutants in lung cancer. This technology is advancing rapidly and is being incorporated into numerous EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) development programs. It appears ready for integration into clinical care. Recent studies have demonstrated that biological fluids such as saliva and urine can also be used for detecting EGFR mutant DNA through application other user-friendly techniques. This review focuses on the clinical application of liquid biopsies to lung cancer genotyping, including EGFR and other targets of genotype-directed therapy and compares multiple platforms used for liquid biopsy
HutZ is required for biofilm formation and contributes to the pathogenicity of Edwardsiella piscicida
International audienceAbstractEdwardsiella piscicida is a severe fish pathogen. Haem utilization systems play an important role in bacterial adversity adaptation and pathogenicity. In this study, a speculative haem utilization protein, HutZEp, was characterized in E. piscicida. hutZEp is encoded with two other genes, hutW and hutX, in an operon that is similar to the haem utilization operon hutWXZ identified in V. cholerae. However, protein activity analysis showed that HutZEp is probably not related to hemin utilization. To explore the biological role of HutZEp, a markerless hutZEp in-frame mutant strain, TX01ΔhutZ, was constructed. Deletion of hutZEp did not significantly affect bacterial growth in normal medium, in iron-deficient conditions, or in the presence of haem but significantly retarded bacterial biofilm growth. The expression of known genes related to biofilm growth was not affected by hutZEp deletion, which indicated that HutZEp was probably a novel factor promoting biofilm formation in E. piscicida. Compared to the wild-type TX01, TX01ΔhutZ exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to acid stress and host serum stress. Pathogenicity analysis showed that inactivation of hutZEp significantly impaired the ability of E. piscicida to invade and reproduce in host cells and to infect host tissue. In contrast to TX01, TX01ΔhutZ was defective in blocking host macrophage activation. The expression of hutZEp was directly regulated by the ferric uptake regulator Fur. This study is the first functional characterization of HutZ in a fish pathogen, and these findings suggested that HutZEp is essential for E. piscicida biofilm formation and contributes to host infection
Biochemical and transcriptomic analyses reveal different metabolite biosynthesis profiles among three color and developmental stages in ‘Anji Baicha’ (Camellia sinensis)
Primers used for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. (XLSX 11 kb
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