113 research outputs found
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Compressive Property Comparisons Between Laser Engineered Net Shaping of In Situ TiBw-TMCs and Cp-Ti Materials
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in chemical, astronautical, and biomedical
industries. However, their poor load endurance properties affect their fields of applications
especially under severe loading conditions. To enhance these properties, TiBw reinforcement
was synthesized by in situ chemical reaction between elemental Ti and boron. Strong interfacial
bonding between TiBw reinforcement and Ti matrix was obtained due to the in situ chemical
reaction. Owing to its capability of producing difficult-to-machine bulk composites with uniform
properties, laser engineered net shaping (LENS) technique was utilized to fabricate TiBw
reinforced Ti matrix bulk composites. Few researches have been reported on these three-dimensional metal based bulk composites by using LENS. In this work, effects of TiBw
reinforcement and laser power on compressive properties were investigated. The microstructures
of the fabricated parts were observed and analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy.Mechanical Engineerin
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Microstructural and Mechanical Performance of Al2O3 Nanoparticle Reinforced 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Bulk Composite Parts Fabricated by Laser Engineered Net Shaping Process
Alloy 17-4 PH (AISI 630) is a precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steel that has
been extensively employed in the industries of aerospace, marine, and chemical. In this study,
bulk parts of both 17-4 PH and Al2O3 reinforced 17-4 PH composites were fabricated on a steel
substrate by laser engineered net shaping (LENS) process to investigate the effects of Al2O3
reinforcements on the part performance. The 17-4 PH powders were pre-mixed with Al2O3
nanoparticles by ball milling. The microstructures of both parts were observed using scanning
electron microscopy and mechanical properties including microhardness and compressive
properties were evaluated by means of a Vickers microhardness tester and a universal tester,
respectively. The results indicate that Al2O3 reinforced 17-4 PH composite parts fabricated by
LENS process exhibited superior microhardness and compressive properties as compared to pure
17-4 PH parts.Mechanical Engineerin
Detection on the Fertility of Hatching Eggs Based on Heart Rate Threshold
The fertility detection and classification of hatching eggs is extremely significant in the production of Avian influenza vaccine. A novel method by setting rational heart rate threshold to solve the problem that it’s difficult to separate the dead eggs from the normal eggs during the incubation process is proposed in this paper, which is critical to ensure the quality of vaccine. The object of our research is the 9-day-later hatching eggs, which are divided into two types, namely fertile eggs and dead eggs. Firstly, we collect heartbeat signal of the 9-day-later hatching eggs by the method of PhotoPlethysmoGraphy(PPG). Secondly, in order to reduce noise interference, we design a butterworth high-pass filter to filter the collected signal and remove baseline drift. Finally, two classification algorithms based on heart rate threshold and frequency spectral amplitude threshold are designed to detect the fertility of hatching eggs from time domain and frequency domain respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the method we proposed successfully achieved the goal of high detection accuracy of hatching eggs, which also indicate that our approach is feasible for classification of hatching eggs
Capacity Prediction Model Based on Limited Priority Gap-Acceptance Theory at Multilane Roundabouts
Capacity is an important design parameter for roundabouts, and it is the premise of computing their delay and queue. Roundabout capacity has been studied for decades, and empirical regression model and gap-acceptance model are the two main methods to predict it. Based on gap-acceptance theory, by considering the effect of limited priority, especially the relationship between limited priority factor and critical gap, a modified model was built to predict the roundabout capacity. We then compare the results between Raff’s method and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method, and the MLE method was used to predict the critical gaps. Finally, the predicted capacities from different models were compared, with the observed capacity by field surveys, which verifies the performance of the proposed model
Absence of nematic instability in the kagome metal CsVSb
Ever since the discovery of the charge density wave (CDW) transition in the
kagome metal CsVSb, the nature of its symmetry breaking is under
intense debate. While evidence suggests that the rotational symmetry is already
broken at the CDW transition temperature (), an additional
electronic nematic instability well below was reported based on
the diverging elastoresistivity coefficient in the anisotropic channel
(). Verifying the existence of a nematic transition below is not only critical for establishing the correct description of the CDW
order parameter, but also important for understanding the low-temperature
superconductivity. Here, we report elastoresistivity measurements of
CsVSb using three different techniques probing both isotropic and
anisotropic symmetry channels. Contrary to previous reports, we find the
anisotropic elastoresistivity coefficient is
temperature-independent except for a step jump at . The absence of
nematic fluctuations is further substantiated by measurements of the
elastocaloric effect, which show no enhancement associated with nematic
susceptibility. On the other hand, the symmetric elastoresistivity coefficient
increases below , reaching a peak value of 90 at K. Our results strongly indicate that the phase transition at is
not nematic in nature and the previously reported diverging elastoresistivity
is due to the contamination from the channel
A White Paper on Broadband Connectivity in 6G
Executive Summary
This white paper explores the road to implementing broadband connectivity in future 6G wireless systems. Different categories of use cases are considered, from extreme capacity with peak data rates up to 1 Tbps, to raising the typical data rates by orders-of-magnitude, to support broadband connectivity at railway speeds up to 1000 km/h. To achieve these goals, not only the terrestrial networks will be evolved but they will also be integrated with satellite networks, all facilitating autonomous systems and various interconnected structures.
We believe that several categories of enablers at the infrastructure, spectrum, and protocol/algorithmic levels are required to realize the intended broadband connectivity goals in 6G. At the infrastructure level, we consider ultra-massive MIMO technology (possibly implemented using holographic radio), intelligent reflecting surfaces, user-centric and scalable cell-free networking, integrated access and backhaul, and integrated space and terrestrial networks. At the spectrum level, the network must seamlessly utilize sub-6 GHz bands for coverage and spatial multiplexing of many devices, while higher bands will be used for pushing the peak rates of point-to-point links. The latter path will lead to THz communications complemented by visible light communications in specific scenarios. At the protocol/algorithmic level, the enablers include improved coding, modulation, and waveforms to achieve lower latencies, higher reliability, and reduced complexity. Different options will be needed to optimally support different use cases. The resource efficiency can be further improved by using various combinations of full-duplex radios, interference management based on rate-splitting, machine-learning-based optimization, coded caching, and broadcasting. Finally, the three levels of enablers must be utilized not only to deliver better broadband services in urban areas, but also to provide full-coverage broadband connectivity must be one of the key outcomes of 6G
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