panish, French and British Encounters with Native American Cultures, from Colonial Guatemala to Virginia

Die Kolonialisierung der Neuen Welt führte zu beispiellosen politischen und sozialen Ver-änderungen, die sich für die Betroffenen u. a. je nach Kontaktzeitraum und Art und Weiseder Begegnung(en) unterschieden. Manche Informationen über diese Begegnungen findensich in ethnohistorischen Quellen, allerdings sind diese oftmals einseitig und die Mate-riallage ist abhängig von Umweltfaktoren und Ausgrabungsmethoden. Auch Musik undMusikveranstaltungen können kulturelle Botschaften bewahren, die menschlicher und na-türlicher ,Zensur‘ entkommen sind. In diesem Beitrag werden musikalische Zeugnisse alsAnalyseperspektive verwendet, durch die die Kontaktreichweite der Einwirkungen auf Eu-ropäer*innen und ,Amerindians‘ in drei Interaktionsräumen beobachtet werden sollen

Viking planetary quarantine procedures and implementation

Some of the techniques and methodology that were used on Viking to implement planetary quarantine requirements are reported. Special attention was given to techniques and approaches used to implement sterilization of the Viking probe. Quarantine procedures for unmanned planetary missions and procedures for microbiological contamination of space hardware are included. A probability of contamination of the biological instruments onboard by terrestrial organisms was examined

Ray tracing program with options for diffraction gratings

Diffraction theory, developed in vectorial form and coded into ray tracing routines, permits tracing rays of any wavelength through surfaces that are plane, spherical, conical, or aspheric polynomial. Ruled diffraction gratings may run in either X-direction or Y-direction, where Z is optical axis

Models for thin viscous sheets

Leading-order equations governing the dynamics of a two-dimensional thin viscous sheet are derived. The inclusion of inertia effects is found to result in an ill-posed model when the sheet is compressed, and the resulting paradox is resolved by rescaling the equations over new length- and timescales which depend on the Reynolds number of the flow and the aspect ratio of the sheet. Physically this implies a dominant lengthscale for transverse displacements during viscous buckling. The theory is generalised to give new models for fully three-dimensional sheets