Variability of Rice Production in Monsoon Asia

Since ancient times, rice has been a staple food in monsoon Asia, an area in Asia which is strongly affected by monsoon activity and home to a dense population comprising many millions of individuals. Since rice is usually produced by a given country to feed its own population, production variability is commonly analysed on a country-by-country basis. However, recent globalisation and the frequency of disasters suggest that production variability, especially poor production, affects not only the producing country but also nations in the same region. In this research effort we analysed the variability in rice production in monsoon Asia and showed that large depletions in production derive primarily from production trends in India. Interestingly, India tended to undergo bumper years when China experienced lean years. If bumper years in India are associated with lean years in China, successful production in India can cushion the blow of poor production in China. We found no causal connection between rice production in India and rice production in China. Therefore, we would advocate more accurate analyses in the future that use approaches from disciplines such as climatology, hydrology and agronomy

Effect of Mix Cropping of Determinate and Indeterminate Soybean Lines on Canopy Structure in Kawatabi Field Center in 2017

Poster Session

Effect of Mix Cropping of Determinate and Indeterminate Lines on Sink-Source Balance in Soybean Grown in Kawatabi Field Center

Poster Session

Response of Temperate, Subtropical and Tropical Soybean Genotypes to Type-B Overflow Tidal Swamp of Indonesia

Twenty-nine soybean genotypes originating from various countries were evaluated on the tidal swamp of Indonesia to obtain information of agronomic character diversity as the soybean response to the environment and to obtain adaptive genotypes that can be used to develop soybean genotypes for the land. This study was conducted in a complete randomized block design with 3 replications. Diverse genetic backgrounds, countries and climatic regions of the 29 soybean genotypes were responsible for the difference in agronomic responses among the genotypes. All temperate and sub-tropical genotypes were able to produce seeds in the tropical type-B overflow tidal swamp. Adaptability based on seed yield resulted in 1 highly adaptive, 17 adaptive, 5 moderately adaptive and 6 non-adaptive genotypes. Adaptive and highly adaptive genotypes produced 1.56 - 2.58 tons ha-1 of seeds. Karasumame (Naihou), a subtropical genotype, produced the highest seed yield which was 65% higher than Indonesia average soybean productivity and 225% higher than soybean productivity with non-saturated soil culture technology on the tidal swamp. This study concluded that temperate and subtropical genotypes could be used as germplasm sources for soybean development in the tropical type-B overflow tidal swamp in Indonesia

Effect of flag leaf length of erect panicle rice on the canopy structure and biomass production after heading

Increasing the yield potential of rice (Oryza sativa) is the main objective of breeders and cultivators engaged in rice improvement programs. Erect panicle (EP) rice is generally high-yielding with panicles that remain non-curved until maturation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of agronomic traits with rice productivity in EP rice. Here, we used the recombinant inbred lines (RILs), crosses between Liaojing5 (erect panicle japonica type) and Wanlun422 (high-yielding indica type). The yield varied among the RILs, and the flag leaf length of EP RILs was negatively correlated with the yield; however, the correlation was not significant in the non-EP RILs. The flag leaf length of the EP RILs was also negatively correlated with biomass increase during the late ripening stage. This may reflect the canopy structure of the EP RILs with short flag leaves which had a larger leaf area index in the lower strata. Additionally, the chlorophyll content in the lower leaf significantly differed among the EP RILs with flag leaves of different lengths, resulting in a higher photosynthetic ability of the lower leaf of EP RILs with short flag leaves. In the present study, an EP line, which has the shortest flag leaf, showed a higher yield than Wanlun422 in both years. EP RILs with short flag leaves might show a higher canopy photosynthetic rate in the later ripening stage; therefore, this trait could be a potential phenotypic marker for achieving high yield of EP rice

Growth and Yield of Six Soybean Genotypes on Short-term Flooding Condition in the Type-B Overflow Tidal Swamps

A study to explore the agronomic response of some soybean genotypes to temporary flooding in the type-B overflow tidal swamp and to obtain the adaptive genotype to the environment was arranged in a split-plot design at coordinates 2°64’46.77” S and 104°75’27.75” E with an altitude of 3.5 m above sea level. The main plot was subject to short-term flooding with a variety of cultivation technologies consisting of saturated soil culture (SSC) for one month without flooding, SSC for one month with flooding, SSC during plant growth without flooding, SSC during plant growth with flooding and non-SSC/dry cultivation. The subplot was soybean genotype consisting of 6 genotypes: Tanggamus, Karasumame (Naihou), M652, Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13, and Tachinagaha. The result showed that impaired soybean growth at the beginning of the growth stage caused pressure on the later growth stage and decreased soybean yield. Short-term flooding reduced the soybean yield. The non-tropical genotypes of Karasumamae (Naihou), M652 and Tachinagaha produced the lowest yield of seeds; 20% lower than the tropical genotypes of Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13 and Tanggamus with SSC during plant growth without flooding treatment. The Karasumame (Naihou) genotype produced the highest seed yield of the three non-tropical genotypes. Anjasmoro and M100-47-52-13 produced the highest seed yield at temporary flooding

Feasibility of Intraspecific Mix Cropping in Japan-Trials with Soybean Lines in Kawatabi Field Center

Young Researchers Sessio

Mix Cropping Trial of Determinate and Indeterminate Soybean Lines in Kawatabi Field Science Center

Poster Session