30,004 research outputs found
Group theoretical study of LOCC-detection of maximally entangled state using hypothesis testing
In the asymptotic setting, the optimal test for hypotheses testing of the
maximally entangled state is derived under several locality conditions for
measurements. The optimal test is obtained in several cases with the asymptotic
framework as well as the finite-sample framework. In addition, the experimental
scheme for the optimal test is presented
Risk- & Regret-Averse Bidders in Sealed-Bid Auctions
Overbidding, bidding more than risk-neutral Bayesian Nash Equilibrium, is a widely observed phenomenon in
virtually all experimental auctions. The scholars within the auction literature propose the risk-averse preference
model to explain overbidding structurally. However, the risk-averse preference model predicts underbidding in
such important classes of auctions as all-pay auctions. To solve this discrepancy, we construct a structural model
of bidding behavior in sealed-bid auctions, one in which bidders may regret their decisions. Our model nests both
risk-averse and regret-averse attitudes and aims to explain overbidding in a wider class of auctions. We first derive
equilibrium first-order conditions, which are used for estimation and calibration analyses, and show monotonic
increasing properties of equilibrium bidding functions. Second, we carry out structural estimation and calibration
analyses based on experimental data from Kagel and Levin (1993) and Noussair and Silver (2006). With these
structurally estimated parameters, we test the significance of biddersâ risk-averse and regret-averse attitudes.
The estimation results show that bidders exhibit weak risk-averse (close to risk-neutral) and strong regret-averse
attitudes. Furthermore, regret-averse attitudes are significant when bidders anticipate losing. Calibration results
demonstrate that our risk- & regret-averse model can explain overbidding across all of the above IPV auctions.
Third, we simulate our model with the estimated parameters and obtain revenue rankings numerically. This
allows us to confirm the revenue supremacy in all-pay auctions reported in experimental auction literature. We
discuss extensions to asymmetric and Common-Value (CV) auctions in our online appendix
Nonlinear cancellation of the parametric resonance in elastic beams: theory and experiment
A non-linear control strategy is applied to a simply supported uniform elastic beam subjected to an axial end force at the principal-parametric resonance frequency of the first skew-symmetric mode. The control input consists of the bending couples applied by two pairs of piezoceramic actuators attached onto both sides of the beam surfaces and symmetrically with respect to the midspan, driven by the same voltage, thus resulting into symmetric control forces. This control architecture has zero control authority, in a linear sense, onto skew-symmetric vibrations. The non-linear transfer of energy from symmetric motions to skew-symmetric modes, due to non-linear inertia and curvature effects, provides the key physical mechanism for channelling suitable control power from the actuators into the linearly uncontrollable mode. The reduced dynamics of the system, constructed with the method of multiple scales directly applied to the governing PDEâs and boundary conditions, suggest effective forms of the control law as a two-frequency input in sub-combination resonance with the parametrically driven mode. The performances of different control laws are investigated. The relative phase and frequency relationships are designed so as to render the control action the most effective. The control schemes generate non-linear controller forces which increase the threshold for the activation of the parametric resonance thus resulting into its annihilation. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimentally obtained results
Universal entanglement concentration
We propose a new protocol of \textit{universal} entanglement concentration,
which converts many copies of an \textit{unknown} pure state to an \textit{%
exact} maximally entangled state. The yield of the protocol, which is outputted
as a classical information, is probabilistic, and achives the entropy rate with
high probability, just as non-universal entanglement concentration protocols
do.
Our protocol is optimal among all similar protocols in terms of wide
varieties of measures either up to higher orders or non-asymptotically,
depending on the choice of the measure. The key of the proof of optimality is
the following fact, which is a consequence of the symmetry-based construction
of the protocol: For any invariant measures, optimal protocols are found out in
modifications of the protocol only in its classical output, or the claim on the
product.
We also observe that the classical part of the output of the protocol gives a
natural estimate of the entropy of entanglement, and prove that that estimate
achieves the better asymptotic performance than any other (potentially global)
measurements.Comment: Revised a lot, especially proofs, though no change in theorems,
lemmas itself. Very long, but essential part is from Sec.I to Sec IV-C. Some
of the appendces are almost independent of the main bod
CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEXES FROM PURPLE PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA
The CD spectra of a range of antenna complexes from several different species of purple photosynthetic bacteria were recorded in the wavelength range of 190 to 930 nm. Analysis of the far UV CD (190 to 250 nm) showed that in each case except for the B800-850 from Chr. vinosum the secondary structure of the light-harvesting complexes contains a large amount of α-helix (50%) and very little 0-pleated sheet. This confirms the predictions of the group of Zuber of a high a-helical content based upon consideration of the primary structures of several antenna apoproteins. The CD spectra from the carotenoids and the bacteriochlorophylls show considerable variations depending upon the type of antenna complex. The different amplitude ratios in the CD spectrum for the bacteriochlorophyll Qy, Qx and Soret bands indicate not only different degrees of exciton coupling, but also a strong and variable hyperchromism (Scherz and Parson, 1984a, b)
Two quantum analogues of Fisher information from a large deviation viewpoint of quantum estimation
We discuss two quantum analogues of Fisher information, symmetric logarithmic
derivative (SLD) Fisher information and Kubo-Mori-Bogoljubov (KMB) Fisher
information from a large deviation viewpoint of quantum estimation and prove
that the former gives the true bound and the latter gives the bound of
consistent superefficient estimators. In another comparison, it is shown that
the difference between them is characterized by the change of the order of
limits.Comment: LaTeX with iopart.cls, iopart12.clo, iopams.st
Effective temperature in nonequilibrium steady states of Langevin systems with a tilted periodic potential
We theoretically study Langevin systems with a tilted periodic potential. It
has been known that the ratio of the diffusion constant to the
differential mobility is not equal to the temperature of the environment
(multiplied by the Boltzmann constant), except in the linear response regime,
where the fluctuation dissipation theorem holds. In order to elucidate the
physical meaning of far from equilibrium, we analyze a modulated
system with a slowly varying potential. We derive a large scale description of
the probability density for the modulated system by use of a perturbation
method. The expressions we obtain show that plays the role of the
temperature in the large scale description of the system and that can
be determined directly in experiments, without measurements of the diffusion
constant and the differential mobility
Asymptotic estimation theory for a finite dimensional pure state model
The optimization of measurement for n samples of pure sates are studied. The
error of the optimal measurement for n samples is asymptotically compared with
the one of the maximum likelihood estimators from n data given by the optimal
measurement for one sample.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages, Doctoral Thesi
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