Arthrectomy for traumatic proximal interphalangeal arthritis in the lateral digit in a heifer

ΔΕΝ ΔΙΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗInstructive information on the treatment for chronic deep infections of digital joints in a 9-month-old Holstein heifer is described in this report. Preoperative ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations revealed soft tissue swelling and subchondral bone lysis at the distal part of the proximal phalanx in the lateral digit. Arthrectomy was performed under xylazine sedation to remove infectious articular cartilage tissues. Immature callus formation was observed via radiography at the surgical site by the 28th postoperative day. On the 48th postoperative day, callus fellinto disrepair on the radiographs along with aggravation of the locomotion score. After the application of a half-limb cast, the immature callus formed again by the 62nd postoperative day (11 months), and bony callus formation was observed by the 74th postoperative day. Thereafter, the heifer could walk well with marked improvement in the locomotion score. The withers height of the heifer at 13 months (136 cm) was within the range of that in control heifers of the same age on this farm (133 ± 3 cm); however, the body weight (BW) of this heifer (322 kg) was lower than the BW of controls (384 ± 26 kg). The BW gain from 11 to 13 months of age seemed to be higher in the present heifer (+76 kg) than in controls (+55±20 kg), suggesting that BW of the present heifer was returning to the original BW. Based on these observations, we suggested that arthrectomy was an effective treatment option for the present case of digital joint arthritis

Evaluation of usefulness of a commercial agarose gel electrophoresis kit (QuickGel SP) for bovine serum protein electrophoresis

The aim of this study was to show the usefulness of a commercial agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) kit (QuickGel SP) for separating bovine serum protein fractions in comparison with conventional cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE). Serum protein bands were verified using five reference reagents corresponding to albumin and α1-, β1-, β2-, and γ-globulins. AGE clearly revealed six separated fractions of albumin and α1-, α2-, β1-, β2-, and γ-globulin fractions in 100% and 77.8% in serum samples of dairy cows from the healthy (n=27) and diseased groups (n=27), respectively. The α1- and α2-globulins were not separated by CAE in 14.8% and 96.3% of the samples from the healthy and diseased groups, respectively, whereas β2- and γ-globulin were not separated by CAE in 96.3% and 100% of the samples from the healthy and diseased groups, respectively. More than 94% of the points for the α-globulin fractions (α1- and α2-globulins), the β-γ-globulin fractions (β1-, β2-, and γ-globulins), and the albumin/globulin ratio between AGE and CAE were within agreement on the Bland-Altman plots. However, the mean biases were not near zero in the albumin and β-γ-globulin fractions. These results suggest that the high-resolution commercial AGE kit can be utilized to separate bovine serum protein fractions. © Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Veterinary Sciences &University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn 2017

Preparation of effective and fast extraction media for palladium (II) using microcapsules

Microcapsules containing tri-n-octylamine as an extractant with the diameter of less than 25µm were prepared by using SPG membrane emulsification and insitu polymerization method. The morphologies of microcapsules, the encapsulation efficiencies of tri-n-octylamine, the extraction properties of palladium (II) from hydrochloric acid solution and the back extraction properties of palladium (II) from microcapsules were investigated. The average diameter of obtained microcapsules was about half of the pore diameter of SPG membrane. The encapsulation efficiency of tri-n-octylamine was approximately 100% for all the microcapsules prepared in this study. Therefore, it can be said that there was practically no loss of tri-n-octylamine during the preparation of microcapsules. All microcapsules prepared in this study reached forward extraction equilibrium within 5 minutes and the forward extraction ratio reached nearly 1. The back extraction of palladium (II) from microcapsules was carried out using 0.1M-hydrochloric acid solution containing a prescribed amount of thiourea. The back extraction occurred promptly and the back extraction ratio was high enough to elute all palladium (II) out from the microcapsules. Furthermore, by repeating forward and back extraction experiments, the durability of microcapsules was examined. From the result, it can be said that tri-n-octylamine was encapsulated rigidly and there was no leakage during extraction and back extraction experiment. Thus it seemed that the microcapsules were capable to be used in a repeated operation