Multidimensional inequality for current status of Japanese private companies' employees

In this paper, we show a method for measuring multidimensional inequality. We use a Bayesian method for a multivariate ordered probit model to obtain a single index, which we refer to as a probability associated with an individual's overall status, from a multivariate distribution representing a number of attributes. We evaluate multidimensional inequality by the Gini coefficient and the generalized entropy measure of inequality using this index. This method is used for the employee data of Japanese private companies, which include income and attributes related to subjective perception such as job satisfaction

ショトク フビョウドウ シャクド ニ カンスル リロン ノ キソ ニ ツイテ アンケート チョウサ オ モチイタ ケントウ

This paper examines the extent to which perception of people for income inequality is consistent to the prerequisite axioms of the theory of income inequality measurement. Amiel and Cowell did wide researches on students in Israel, UK, and USA using questionnaire survey method. Keeping in mind the research methods they used and findings they got, we did a survey on Japanese university students and compared our findings with theirs. We found some interesting results that differ from Amiel and Cowell\u27s and we deduced a hypothetical reasons to support our findings: The ratio to support scale independence is lower the ratio to support translation independence of questions using the numerical example is also different from that of the verbal questions. The influence on the perception of inequality due to income change is likewise different

Doubly linked chiral phenanthrene oligomers for homogeneously π-extended helicenes with large effective conjugation length

Helically twisted conductive nanocarbon materials are applicable to optoelectronic and electromagnetic molecular devices working on the nanometer scale. Herein, we report the synthesis of per-peri-perbenzo[5]- and [9]helicenes in addition to previously reported π-extended [7]helicene. The homogeneously π-extended helicenes can be regarded as helically fused oligo-phenanthrenes. The HOMO−LUMO gap decreased significantly from 2.14 to 1.15 eV with increasing helical length, suggesting the large effective conjugation length (ECL) of the π-extended helical framework. The large ECL of π-extended helicenes is attributed to the large orbital interactions between the phenanthrene subunits at the 9- and 10-positions, which form a polyene-like electronic structure. Based on the experimental results and DFT calculations, the ultrafast decay dynamics on the sub-picosecond timescale were attributed to the low-lying conical intersection

Chemical-induced washing remediation of metal-contaminated soils (Book Chapter)

The immobilization or removal of toxic components using aqueous extractants, with or without additives, is one of the commonly practiced techniques for the treatment of metal-contaminated soils. However, rather than the use of water alone, the solution with chemical-additives is preferred due to the less time requirement and better separation effectiveness. There is a long-favored list of additives that have been used for the chemical-induced washing remediation of soils, which include acids, bases, chelants, surfactants, and so forth. The objective of this chapter is to provide a brief overview of the chemical-assisted soil washing approaches. © Springer Japan 2016. All rights are reserved.[Book Chapter

コヒョウ データ オ モチイタ カケイ ノ ヒンコン ケイソク

本稿では, 財団法人家計経済研究所の 「消費生活に関するパネル調査」 によるパネルデータを利用して 1994 年から 2003 年の日本の家計の貧困度とその推移について分析した． 貧困尺度として FGT 指標を用いて貧困状況を一時的な側面と慢性的な側面に分けて計測し， さらに所得階層別の貧困度や階層間の移動状況を調べた． また， 順序プロビット分析を用いて貧困の要因分析を行った． これらにより， 家計の貧困度の高まりや， 期間平均所得が貧困線より高い階層において貧困度の低い階層から高い階層への移動が逆方向への移動より多いことなどがとらえられた

カンリショク ノ コウドウ オ コウリョ ニ イレタ チンギン ケッテイ モデル ニツイテ

One of the recent employment problems in Japan is that the number of managerial workers seems to exceed demand. In this paper, we analyze the model of the wage functions in relation to the behavior of, not only production workers, but also managerial workers explicitly. We apply the efficiency wage model to the managerial workers and Nash-bargaining model to the production workers concerning how to determine their wages. One of our interesting results is that the unemployment rate of managerial workers has a positive effect to the wage of production workers, but does not always have a negative effect to the managerial workers, because the rise of the unemployment rate of managerial workers may raise their labor efficiency and increase the distribution to them

Primary leiomyoma of the bladder

The case presented is of a 47-year-old patient with an extravesical pedunculated bladder leiomyoma, which was difficult to distinguish from a retroperitoneal tumor. Preoperatively, it was suspected to be a retroperitoneal tumor and a laparotomy with tumor resection was performed. lntraoperatively, the bladder and tumor were connected by a cord-like tissue. A retrospective review of preoperative images revealed that cord-like tissue, identified intraoperatively, was also present. Bladder leiomyomas can grow as extravesical pedunculated tumors. Therefore, when the continuity between the bladder and tumor is only a cord-like object, the finding of continuity is useful to diagnose with bladder leiomyoma