Efficacy And Acceptability Of Two Monophasic Oral Contraceptives Containing Ethinylestradiol And Either Desogestrel Or Gestodene

Objective To assess the contraceptive efficacy, cycle control and acceptability of two monophasic oral contraceptives containing either 30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 150 μg desogestrel or 30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 75 μg gestodene. Methods In a randomized, open-label, six-cycle, group-comparative, multicenter study performed in Brazil, pregnancies, cycle-control parameters, incidence of side-effects and the presence and severity of acne vulgaris were assessed, and blood pressure and body weight were measured at pretreatment and after one, three and six cycles of oral contraceptive use. Results Of the 595 women enrolled, 274 (86.7%) in the desogestrel/ethinylestradiol group and 227 (81.4%) in the gestodene/ethinylestradiol group completed the six cycles, providing data for 1753 and 1487 treatment cycles, respectively. Two pregnancies occurred, one of which (in the desogestrel/ethinylestradiol group) was attributed to user failure, whilst the other (in the gestodene/ethinylestradiol group) was thought to result from method failure. Cycle control was observed to be excellent; the incidences of irregular bleeding and minor side-effects were low in both groups and decreased after an initial increase in the first cycle. Pre-existing acne improved in both groups, whereas blood pressure and body weight remained essentially unchanged. Conclusions Both desogestrel/ethinylestradiol and gestodene/ethinylestradiol provide effective oral contraception with comparable cycle control and acceptability.33113120Newton, J.R., Classification and comparison of oral contraceptives containing new generation progestogens (1995) Hum Reprod Update, 1, pp. 231-263Rekers, H., Multicenter trial of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel (1988) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 67, pp. 171-174Notelovitz, M., Contraceptive efficacy and safety of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing 150 μg desogestrel and 30 μg ethinyl estradiol: United States clinical experience using a 'Sunday start' approach (1995) Fertil Steril, 64, pp. 261-266Fotherby, K., Oral contraceptives, lipids and cardiovascular disease (1985) Contraception, 31, pp. 367-394Wilde, M.I., Balfour, J.A., Gestodene. A review of its pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability in combined contraceptive preparations (1995) Drugs, 50, pp. 364-395Halbe, H.W., Cunha, D.C., Diaz, J., Clinical experience in Brazil with a desogestrel-containing oral contraceptive (1989) Oral Contraception into the 1990s, pp. 69-74. , Halbe HW, Rekers H, eds. Carnforth, UK: Parthenon PublishingBrill, K., Müller, C., Schnitker, J., Albring, M., The influence of different modern low-dose oral contraceptives on intermenstrual bleeding (1991) Adv Contracept, 7 (2 SUPPL.), pp. 51-61Clinical comparison of monophasic oral contraceptive preparations of gestodene/ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol (1994) Contraception, 50, pp. 201-214Zichella, L., Sbrignadello, C., Tomassini, A., Open comparative study on the efficacy and acceptability of two new monophasic oral contraceptives (1988) Contraception into the next Decade, pp. 33-41. , Keller PJ, Sirtori C, eds. Carnforth, UK: Parthenon PublishingBenagiano, G., Comparison of two monophasic oral contraceptives: Gestodene/ethinyl estradiol versus desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol (1989) Int J Fertil, 34 (SUPPL.), pp. 31-39Koetsawang, S., Charoenvisal, C., Banharnsupawat, L., Singhakovin, S., Kaewsuk, O., Punnahitanont, S., Multicenter trial of two monophasic oral contraceptives containing 30 meg ethinylestradiol and either desogestrel or gestodene in Thai women (1995) Contraception, 51, pp. 225-229Janowitz, B., Kane, T.T., Arruda, J.M., Covington, D.L., Morris, L., Side effects and discontinuation of oral contraceptive use in Southern Brazil (1986) J Biosoc Sci, 118, pp. 261-271Bilotta, P., Favilli, S., Clinical evaluation of a monophasic ethinylestradiol/desogestrel-containing oral contraceptive (1988) Arzneimittelforschung, 38, pp. 932-934Mango, D., Ricci, S., Manna, P., Miggiano, G.A.D., Serra, G.B., Clinical and hormonal effects of ethinylestradiol combined with gestodene and desogestrel in young women with acne vulgaris (1996) Contraception, 53, pp. 163-17

Efeito dos ácidos graxos essenciais sobre lipidemia e vascularização da membrana vitelina de codornas japonesas

Verificou-se o efeito de diferentes fontes de ácidos graxos essenciais ômega-3 e ômega-6 sobre o perfil lipídico de codornas japonesas e sobre o crescimento vascular na membrana vitelina dos embriões de aves suplementadas com óleo de peixe, 2% e 4%, e óleo de soja, 2% e 4%, em relação à dieta-controle, sem suplementação lipídica. Foi usado o método enzimático com reação colorimétrica para estimar o perfil lipídico sérico de colesterol total, triglicerídeos e HDL das aves. A vascularização na membrana vitelina foi quantificada por meio da dimensão fractal, utilizando-se o método de box-counting. A concentração de colesterol dos grupos controle e tratados não diferiu entre si. Para o HDL, o grupo que recebeu maior proporção de óleo de peixe, 4%, diferiu dos outros grupos. Os níveis de triglicerídeos das codornas suplementadas com óleo de peixe foram superiores aos dos demais grupos. A dimensão fractal da vascularização da membrana vitelina dos embriões de codornas dos grupos que receberam 4% de óleo de peixe e 4% de óleo de soja foi significativamente menor que a dos demais grupos, indicando efeitos antiangiogênicos no processo de formação vascular