Vacuum foam dried sugar-phosphate amorphous mixtures for stabilization of doxorubicin hydrochloride

The objective of the present study was to stabilize doxorubicin hydrochloride in sugar-phosphate amorphous mixtures at ambient temperature by drying it with vacuum foam drying. Finished products were evaluated for foam characteristic, residual moisture content, reconstitution time, percent drug recovery and drug-excipient interactions. FTIR studies revealed existence of physical interaction of drug with sugar. Light microscopy showed formation of amorphous glass which was supported by the observations of XRPD analyses. The optimized composition in vacuum foam drying was processed by lyophilization and their stability was compared. Storage at ambient temperature for 6 months showed that stability of vacuum foam dried product was better than lyophilized products. The amount of residual moisture affected the stability of drug. The detailed study revealed lactose and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is best suited for stabilization of doxorubicin hydrochloride at room temperature.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Least cost diet plan of cows for small dairy farmers of Central India

Not AvailableSmall dairy farmers of Central India (Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha region of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh) “are constrained by inadequate supply of protein source during the dry season” is extracted from Chakeredza et al. (2007). Poor economic conditions of the dairy farmers do not allow them to purchase commercial protein concentrates. Locally available non-conventional protein sources can be used as alternative cheaper protein sources. Formulation of a cost efficient diet balanced for key nutrients has emerged as the biggest problem to the farmers. The present study presents a least cost balanced diet formulation plan for the small dairy farmers. The Linear Programming Technique was applied to formulate the least cost ration plan for daily feeding for the cross bred and local dairy cows separately. The least cost ration plan formulated for daily feeding for cross bred dairy cows yielding 5 to 10 L of milk per day included 3.50 kg paddy straw, 10.60 kg Napier grass, 1.35 kg soybean cake, 2.08 kg wheat bran, and 0.06 kg mineral mixture, costing 19% less in comparison to the routine feeding plan followed by the farmers. Similarly, the least cost daily feeding ration plan formulated for the local lactating cows yielding 3 L of milk per day included 3.06 kg paddy straw, 7.60 kg Napier grass, 0.86 kg soybean cake, 1.20 kg wheat bran, and 0.05 kg mineral mixture, reducing the feed cost by 22% as compared to the existing ration plan followed by the farmers . The least cost ration plan formulated through this study is recommended for use by the small dairy farmers of Central India to reduce the feed cost of dairy animals.Not Availabl

Not Available

Small dairy farmers of Central India (Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha region of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh) “are constrained by inadequate supply of protein source during the dry season” is extracted from Chakeredza et al. (2007). Poor economic conditions of the dairy farmers do not allow them to purchase commercial protein concentrates. Locally available non-conventional protein sources can be used as alternative cheaper protein sources. Formulation of a cost efficient diet balanced for key nutrients has emerged as the biggest problem to the farmers. The present study presents a least cost balanced diet formulation plan for the small dairy farmers. The Linear Programming Technique was applied to formulate the least cost ration plan for daily feeding for the cross bred and local dairy cows separately. The least cost ration plan formulated for daily feeding for cross bred dairy cows yielding 5 to 10 L of milk per day included 3.50 kg paddy straw, 10.60 kg Napier grass, 1.35 kg soybean cake, 2.08 kg wheat bran, and 0.06 kg mineral mixture, costing 19% less in comparison to the routine feeding plan followed by the farmers. Similarly, the least cost daily feeding ration plan formulated for the local lactating cows yielding 3 L of milk per day included 3.06 kg paddy straw, 7.60 kg Napier grass, 0.86 kg soybean cake, 1.20 kg wheat bran, and 0.05 kg mineral mixture, reducing the feed cost by 22% as compared to the existing ration plan followed by the farmers . The least cost ration plan formulated through this study is recommended for use by the small dairy farmers of Central India to reduce the feed cost of dairy animals.Not AvailableNot Availabl

Vacuum foam drying for preservation of <i style="">lasota</i> virus: Screening of foaming agent and cycle optimization

491-497Solid-state product of lasota virus was obtained by using vacuum foam drying (VFD). In the process, pluronic polymers, viz. F-108, F-68 and F-87 (plain and with sugars) were screened for their foaming ability. First, aqueous infrared (IR) spectrum of lasota virus harvest was obtained and pH and temperature stability of the harvest were evaluated. Then the temperature and vacuum of VFD cycle were optimized. The processed virus products were also evaluated for foam characteristics, moisture content and EID50 titre value. Aqueous solution of plain pluronic F-108 at 3.0% (w/v) strength showed the highest foaming ability as compared to other pluronics used in the study. The foaming ability of F-108 increased further in the presence of sugars. However, optimum foaming ability of pluronic F-108 during VFD was observed at 0.6% (w/v). Aqueous IR spectrum reveals symmetrical α-helix structure of lasota virus. The virus remained stable at pH 3 to 9, but denatured at temperatures above 20ºC. Effective and uniform foam formation with low residual moisture and a virus titre of 6.24 was obtained in VFD cycle III; whereas, Lasota virus was completely denatured at lower vacuum with higher temperatures. Thus, the optimized cycle III is suitable for screening of protectants for dehydration-induced denaturation of lasota virus during VFD