The poet at war.

The artist, whether he was novelist, poet, painter or essayist, was caught in the maelstrom of violence and destruction that was World War I. Conscription was employed in most nations participating in the War and the artist, with his accurate, discerning eye and his sensitivity, was destined to report the War as he actually saw it unfold before him. A great part of the creative activity these artists engaged in was an analysis and reportage of the years from 1914, to 1918. Before the Armistice had been signed on November 11, 1918, Henri Barbusse had published his indictment of war, Le Feu, in 1917. The novel was awarded the Prix Goncourt for that year. Barbusse\u27s work was the beginning of a stream of war books, poems, dramas and essays that was to come in the nineteen twenties and the nineteen thirties of the Twentieth Century. Practically every participant nation in the War was represented in this tremendous output of\u27 war literature. Such Americans of literary talents as John Dos Passos, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Paul Green, Robert E. Sherwood, Laurence Stallings, E. E. Cummings and Archibald MacLeish served at the front and later expressed themselves regarding war

Responses of an experimental solid tumour to irradiation: A comparison of modes of fractionation.

Several radiotherapeutic schedules compatible with continued structural-functional integrity of the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa were compared utilizing the P815X2 murine mastocytoma grown as a solid subcutaneous tumour. Both the tumour and underlying normal tissues were irradiated during the treatments. The tumour exhibited a Do that increased from 210 rad to 397 rad as the tumour aged and in all instances demonstrated minimal shoulders in survival curves. In spite of a relative radioresistance of cells within the solid tumour, quite effective control of localized disease could be accomplished with radiotherapy schemes compatible with GI tolerance limits. Schedules evaluated utilizing this model included acute exposures to 1122 rad, daily exposure to 187 rad, 5 days/week exposures to 281 rad, twice weekly exposures (561 rad on Mondays and 374 rad on Thursdays) and a high dose, two fractions per day, schedule. Tumours were followed for changes in growth patterns during these schedules. Efficacy of tumour control was determined and schedules were compared on this basis. Aggressive radiotherapy approaching the tolerance limits of any of the fractionation schemes proved most effective

AXL modulates extracellular matrix protein expression and is essential for invasion and metastasis in endometrial cancer

The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL promotes migration, invasion, and metastasis. Here, we evaluated the role of AXL in endometrial cancer. High immunohistochemical expression of AXL was found in 76% (63/83) of advanced-stage, and 77% (82/107) of high-grade specimens and correlated with worse survival in uterine serous cancer patients. In vitro, genetic silencing of AXL inhibited migration and invasion but had no effect on proliferation of ARK1 endometrial cancer cells. AXL-deficient cells showed significantly decreased expression of phospho-AKT as well as uPA, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9. In a xenograft model of human uterine serous carcinoma with AXL-deficient ARK1 cells, there was significantly less tumor burden than xenografts with control ARK1 cells. Together, these findings underscore the therapeutic potentials of AXL as a candidate target for treatment of metastatic endometrial cancer

Visual span and change detection in soccer: an expertise study

There is evidence to suggest that sports experts are able to extract more perceptual information from a single fixation than novices when exposed to meaningful tasks that are specific to their field of expertise. In particular, Reingold et al. (2001) showed that chess experts use a larger visual span including fewer fixations when compared to their less skilled counterparts. The aim of the present study was to examine whether also in a more complex environment, namely soccer, skilled players use a larger visual span and fewer fixations than less skilled players when attempting to recognise players' positions. To this end, we combined the gaze-contingent window technique with the change detection paradigm. Results seem to suggest that skilled soccer players do not use a larger visual span than less skilled players. However, skilled soccer players showed significantly fewer fixations of longer duration than their less skilled counterparts, supporting the notion that experts may extract more information from a single glance. © 2011 Psychology Press

Detection of a somatic GREB1-NCOA1 gene fusion in a uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT)

Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT) is a rare uterine neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential. We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who underwent hysterectomy for postmenopausal bleeding and was found to have a myometrial UTROSCT. RNA-sequencing identified a somati

Significant individual variation between pathologists in the evaluation of colon cancer specimens after complete mesocolic excision

Background: After the introduction of complete mesocolic excision, a new pathological evaluation of the resected colon cancer specimen was introduced. This concept has quickly gained acceptance and is often used to compare surgical quality. The grading of colon cancer specimens is likely to depend on both surgical quality and the training of the pathologist. Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate the principles of the pathological evaluation of colon cancer specimens. Design: This was an exploratory study. Settings: The study was conducted in Aarhus, Denmark, and Leeds, United Kingdom. Patients: Colon cancers specimens were used. Main outcome measures: The agreement of gradings between participants was of interest. Four specialist GI pathologists and 2 abdominal surgeons evaluated 2 rounds of colon cancer specimens, each at 2 separate time points. Each round contained 50 specimens. After the first round, a protocol of detailed principles for the grading procedure was agreed on. Results from an experienced pathologist were considered as the reference results. Results: In the first round, the distribution of gradings between participants showed substantial variation. In the second round, the variation was reduced. Intraobserver agreement was mostly fair to good, whereas interobserver agreement was frequently poor. This did not significantly change from round 1 to round 2. Limitations: The small sample size of 100 specimens provided a very small number of specimens resected in the muscularis propria plane, which renders the evaluation of this group potentially unreliable. The evaluations were made on photos and not on fresh specimens. Conclusions: This study demonstrates significant variation in the pathological evaluation of colon cancer specimens. It demonstrates that it cannot be used in clinical studies, and care should be taken when comparing results between different hospitals

Lifetime measurements of Triaxial Strongly Deformed bands in 163^{163}Tm

With the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method, quadrupole transition moments, $Q_t$, were determined for the two recently proposed Triaxial Strongly Deformed (TSD) bands in $^{163}$Tm. The measured $Q_t$ moments indicate that the deformation of these bands is larger than that of the yrast, signature partners. However, the measured values are smaller than those predicted by theory. This observation appears to be valid for TSD bands in several nuclei of the regionComment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Physical Review

Quantification of ovarian lesion and fallopian tube vasculature using optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy

The heterogeneity in the pathological and clinical manifestations of ovarian cancer is a major hurdle impeding early and accurate diagnosis. A host of imaging modalities, including Doppler ultrasound, MRI, and CT, have been investigated to improve the assessment of ovarian lesions. We hypothesized that pathologic conditions might affect the ovarian vasculature and that these changes might be detectable by optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM). In our previous work, we developed a benchtop OR-PAM and demonstrated it on a limited set of ovarian and fallopian tube specimens. In this study, we collected data from over 50 patients, supporting a more robust statistical analysis. We then developed an efficient custom analysis pipeline for characterizing the vascular features of the samples, including the mean vessel diameter, vascular density, global vascular directionality, local vascular definition, and local vascular tortuosity/branchedness. Phantom studies using carbon fibers showed that our algorithm was accurate within an acceptable error range. Between normal ovaries and normal fallopian tubes, we observed significant differences in five of six extracted vascular features. Further, we showed that distinct subsets of vascular features could distinguish normal ovaries from cystic, fibrous, and malignant ovarian lesions. In addition, a statistically significant difference was found in the mean vascular tortuosity/branchedness values of normal and abnormal tubes. The findings support the proposition that OR-PAM can help distinguish the severity of tubal and ovarian pathologies