Possibility of recovering fusarium wilt affected eggplants by Trichoderma

The efficacy of Trichoderma suspension on the recovery of fusarium wilt infected eggplant was studied at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm during July 2014 to April 2015. Suspension of Trichoderma asperellum CP (IPM 33) (5.8×107 CFU ml-1) was applied to rhizosphere soils of eggplants @ 0, 20 and 40 ml plant-1. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae was inoculated to flowering and fruiting stages of healthy plants by soil drenching method 48 hrs before and after application of Trichoderma suspension. Observations were made on the severity and recovering of wilting. The eggplant variety BAU Begun 1 was found resistant to fusarium wilt while other two varieties BAU Begun 2 and Dohazari G showed susceptible reaction. Pre-inoculation application of Trichoderma @ 40 ml plant-1 significantly reduced the severity of the disease. The vulnerability to fusarium wilt was higher at flowering stage of eggplant. Thus, the experimental results have opened up a possibility of using Trichoderma suspension over conventional farming inputs for sustainable and organic production of eggplant.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (1): 38-42, June, 201

Phytoplankton Community Composition in Gowrikere Tank Anandapura, Sagara, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India

No Abstract

Possibility of recovering fusarium wilt affected eggplants by Trichoderma

The efficacy of Trichoderma suspension on the recovery of fusarium wilt infected eggplant was studied at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm during July 2014 to April 2015. Suspension of Trichoderma asperellum CP (IPM 33) (5.8×107 CFU ml-1) was applied to rhizosphere soils of eggplants @ 0, 20 and 40 ml plant-1. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae was inoculated to flowering and fruiting stages of healthy plants by soil drenching method 48 hrs before and after application of Trichoderma suspension. Observations were made on the severity and recovering of wilting. The eggplant variety BAU Begun 1 was found resistant to fusarium wilt while other two varieties BAU Begun 2 and Dohazari G showed susceptible reaction. Pre-inoculation application of Trichoderma @ 40 ml plant-1 significantly reduced the severity of the disease. The vulnerability to fusarium wilt was higher at flowering stage of eggplant. Thus, the experimental results have opened up a possibility of using Trichoderma suspension over conventional farming inputs for sustainable and organic production of eggplant.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (1): 38-42, June, 201

Comparison of Promoter Hypermethylation Pattern in Salivary Rinses Collected with and without an Exfoliating Brush from Patients with HNSCC

Background: Salivary rinses have been recently proposed as a valuable resource for the development of epigenetic biomarkers for detection and monitoring of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Both salivary rinses collected with and without an exfoliating brush from patients with HNSCC are used in detection of promoter hypermethylation, yet their correlation of promoter hypermethylation has not been evaluated. This study was to evaluate the concordance of promoter hypermethylation between salivary rinses collected with and without an exfoliating brush from patients with HNSCC. Methodolgy: 57 paired salivary rinses collected with or without an exfoliating brush from identical HNSCC patients were evaluated for promoter hypermethylation status using Quantitative Methylation-Specific PCR. Target tumor suppressor gene promoter regions were selected based on our previous studies describing a panel for HNSCC screening an

High-risk human papillomavirus infections in breast cancer in Syrian women and their association with Id-1 expression: a tissue microarray study

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) could be important risk factors for breast carcinogenesis and metastasis. Based on this hypothesis, we recently studied the effect of E6/E7 onco-proteins of high-risk HPV type 16 in two non-invasive human breast cancer cell lines, BT20 and MCF7; we reported that E6/E7 converts these cell lines to invasive cells. This is accompanied by an overexpression of Id-1, which is an important regulator of breast metastasis. In this investigation, we examined the presence of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33 and 35) and the expression of their E6 onco-protein as well as their correlation with Id-1 gene expression, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and tissue microarray (TMA) analysis, respectively, in a cohort of 113 Syrian breast cancer patients. We found that high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35 are present in 8.84, 9.73, 7.07, 55.75 and 37.16% of our samples, respectively, which represent invasive breast cancers. Overall, 69 (61.06%) of the 113 samples are HPV positive; among these specimens 24 tissues (34.78%) are coinfected with more than one HPV type. Furthermore, we report that the expression of the E6 onco-protein of these high-risk HPVs is correlated with Id-1 overexpression in the majority of invasive breast cancer tissue samples. Our data suggest that high-risk HPV infections are associated with human breast cancer progression in Syrian women

Global microRNA expression profiles in insulin target tissues in a spontaneous rat model of type 2 diabetes

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: MicroRNAs regulate a broad range of biological mechanisms. To investigate the relationship between microRNA expression and type 2 diabetes, we compared global microRNA expression in insulin target tissues from three inbred rat strains that differ in diabetes susceptibility. METHODS: Using microarrays, we measured the expression of 283 microRNAs in adipose, liver and muscle tissue from hyperglycaemic (Goto-Kakizaki), intermediate glycaemic (Wistar Kyoto) and normoglycaemic (Brown Norway) rats (n = 5 for each strain). Expression was compared across strains and validated using quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, microRNA expression variation in adipose tissue was investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to hyperglycaemic conditions. RESULTS: We found 29 significantly differentiated microRNAs (p(adjusted) < 0.05): nine in adipose tissue, 18 in liver and two in muscle. Of these, five microRNAs had expression patterns that correlated with the strain-specific glycaemic phenotype. MiR-222 (p(adjusted) = 0.0005) and miR-27a (p(adjusted) = 0.006) were upregulated in adipose tissue; miR-195 (p(adjusted) = 0.006) and miR-103 (p(adjusted) = 0.04) were upregulated in liver; and miR-10b (p(adjusted) = 0.004) was downregulated in muscle. Exposure of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to increased glucose concentration upregulated the expression of miR-222 (p = 0.008), miR-27a (p = 0.02) and the previously reported miR-29a (p = 0.02). Predicted target genes of these differentially expressed microRNAs are involved in pathways relevant to type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION: The expression patterns of miR-222, miR-27a, miR-195, miR-103 and miR-10b varied with hyperglycaemia, suggesting a role for these microRNAs in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as modelled by the Gyoto-Kakizaki rat. We observed similar patterns of expression of miR-222, miR-27a and miR-29a in adipocytes as a response to increased glucose levels, which supports our hypothesis that altered expression of microRNAs accompanies primary events related to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Coordinated Activation of Candidate Proto-Oncogenes and Cancer Testes Antigens via Promoter Demethylation in Head and Neck Cancer and Lung Cancer

Background: Epigenetic alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of solid tumors, however, proto-oncogenes activated by promoter demethylation have been sporadically reported. We used an integrative method to analyze expression in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and pharmacologically demethylated cell lines to identify aberrantly demethylated and expressed candidate proto-oncogenes and cancer testes antigens in HNSCC. Methodology/Principal Findings: We noted coordinated promoter demethylation and simultaneous transcriptional upregulation of proto-oncogene candidates with promoter homology, and phylogenetic footprinting of these promoters demonstrated potential recognition sites for the transcription factor BORIS. Aberrant BORIS expression correlated with upregulation of candidate proto-oncogenes in multiple human malignancies including primary non-small cell lung cancers and HNSCC, induced coordinated proto-oncogene specific promoter demethylation and expression in non-tumorigenic cells, and transformed NIH3T3 cells. Conclusions/Significance: Coordinated, epigenetic unmasking of multiple genes with growth promoting activity occurs i