Size does Matter: How do Micro-influencers Impact Follower Purchase Intention on Social Media?

Social media influencers have become a significant source of information for customers and a prevalent marketing tool for brands. It is crucial to explore factors that affect the follower’s purchase intention of the products endorsed by social media influencers. Recently, micro-influencers have gained recognition for their authenticity and relatability when compared with their established counterparts, such as macro- or mega-influencers. Increasing organizations also see the value micro-influencers can bring to their brands via more interaction with their target customers. Based on the parasocial interaction theory, we propose that the perceived credibility and transparency of micro-influencers enhance followers’ purchase intention through the mediation of parasocial interaction. Parasocial interaction is a kind of psychological relationship in which followers consider influencers as their friends, regardless of their limited interactions with those influencers. Our findings indicate that parasocial interaction between micro-influencers and their followers positively impacts purchase intentions of recommended products. It is also found that perceived micro-influencer credibility and transparency positively affect followers’ parasocial interaction with microinfluencers. Implications of our findings are discussed

Vertex functions for d-wave mesons in the light-front approach

While the light-front quark model (LFQM) is employed to calculate hadronic transition matrix elements, the vertex functions must be pre-determined. In this work we derive the vertex functions for all d-wave states in this model. Especially, since both of $^3D_1$ and $^3S_1$ are $1^{--}$ mesons, the Lorentz structures of their vertex functions are the same. Thus when one needs to study the processes where $^3D_1$ is involved, all the corresponding formulas for $^3S_1$ states can be directly applied, only the coefficient of the vertex function should be replaced by that for $^3D_1$. The results would be useful for studying the newly observed resonances which are supposed to be d-wave mesons and furthermore the possible 2S-1D mixing in $\psi'$ with the LFQM.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, some typos corrected and more discussions added. Accepted by EPJ

Distinct song parts of the endemic marsh grassbird of China vary with latitude and climate among migratory and sedentary populations

Article / Letter to editorInstituut Biologie Leide

Universality and scaling study of the critical behavior of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model in short-time dynamics

In this paper we study the short-time behavior of the Blume-Capel model at the tricritical point as well as along the second order critical line. Dynamic and static exponents are estimated by exploring scaling relations for the magnetization and its moments at early stage of the dynamic evolution. Our estimates for the dynamic exponents, at the tricritical point, are $z= 2.215(2)$ and $\theta= -0.53(2)$.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure

Relativistic Quantum Gravity at a Lifshitz Point

We show that the Horava theory for the completion of General Relativity at UV scales can be interpreted as a gauge fixed theory, and it can be extended to an invariant theory under the full group of four-dimensional diffeomorphisms. In this respect, although being fully relativistic, it results to be locally anisotropic in the time-like and space-like directions defined by a family of irrotational observers. We show that this theory propagates generically three degrees of freedom: two of them are related to the four-dimensional diffeomorphism invariant graviton (the metric) and one is related to a propagating scalar mode. Finally, we note that in the present formulation, matter can be consistently coupled to gravity.Comment: v4: Erratum added: explanation on the true dynamical fields of the relativistic theory added. The theory is interpreted as a Tensor-Scalar relativistic theory. Reference added. Version accepted in JHE

Effect of Intensity Modulator Extinction on Practical Quantum Key Distribution System

We study how the imperfection of intensity modulator effects on the security of a practical quantum key distribution system. The extinction ratio of the realistic intensity modulator is considered in our security analysis. We show that the secret key rate increases, under the practical assumption that the indeterminable noise introduced by the imperfect intensity modulator can not be controlled by the eavesdropper.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. EPJD accepte

Dynamical Relaxation and Universal Short-Time Behavior in Finite Systems: The Renormalization Group Approach

We study how the finite-sized n-component model A with periodic boundary conditions relaxes near its bulk critical point from an initial nonequilibrium state with short-range correlations. Particular attention is paid to the universal long-time traces that the initial condition leaves. An approach based on renormalization-group improved perturbation theory in 4-epsilon space dimensions and a nonperturbative treatment of the q=0 mode of the fluctuating order-parameter field is developed. This leads to a renormalized effective stochastic equation for this mode in the background of the other q=0 modes; we explicitly derive it to one-loop order, show that it takes the expected finite-size scaling form at the fixed point, and solve it numerically. Our results confirm for general n that the amplitude of the magnetization density m(t) in the linear relaxation-time regime depends on the initial magnetization in the universal fashion originally found in our large-$n$ analysis [J.\ Stat. Phys. 73 (1993) 1]. The anomalous short-time power-law increase of m(t) also is recovered. For n=1, our results are in fair agreement with recent Monte Carlo simulations by Li, Ritschel, and Zheng [J. Phys. A 27 (1994) L837] for the three-dimensional Ising model.Comment: 27 pages, 7 postscript figures, REVTEX 3.0, submitted to Nucl. Phys.