Advanced Planning Concepts in the Closed-Loop Container Network of ARN

In this paper we discuss a real-life case study in the optimization of the logistics network for the collection of containers from end-of-life vehicle dismantlers in the Netherlands.Advanced planning concepts like dynamic assignment of dismantlers to logistic service providers are analyzed by a simulation model.In this model, we periodically solve a vehicle routing problem to gain insight in the long-term performance of the system.The vehicle routing problem considered is a multi depot pickup and delivery problem with alternative delivery locations.We solve this problem with a heuristic based on route generation and set partitioning.Reverse logistics;Closed-loop supply chain mmanagement;vehicle routing;set partitioning;distribution planning

Collector Managed Inventory, A Proactive Planning Approach to the Collection of Liquids coming from End-of-life Vehicles

In this article we introduce Collector Managed Inventory (CMI) as the reverse logistics counter part of Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI).The collection company takes responsibility for the inventories of cores or materials to be recycled.Experience in forward supply chain management has shown the potential of VMI by bringing the coordination of transportation and inventory decisions to the same supply chain entity.Using information technology called telemetry, we are able to monitor inventory levels at distance.We introduce a proactive planning methodology based on two types of collection orders: must- and can-orders.Every collection period all must-orders have to be collected, while canorders are only collected if they can be combined beneficially with the must-orders.The routing problem is solved by a combination of route generation and set partitioning.The system is illustrated in a real-life case study for Auto Recycling Nederland on the collection of liquids coming from end-oflife vehicles, such as coolant and oil.In several scenarios the old reactive approach is compared to the proactive approach resulting in cost savings up to about 19%.supply;logistics;vehicle routine;distribution;information technology;inventory

Collector Managed Inventory, A Proactive Planning Approach to the Collection of Liquids coming from End-of-life Vehicles

In this article we introduce Collector Managed Inventory (CMI) as the reverse logistics counter part of Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI).The collection company takes responsibility for the inventories of cores or materials to be recycled.Experience in forward supply chain management has shown the potential of VMI by bringing the coordination of transportation and inventory decisions to the same supply chain entity.Using information technology called telemetry, we are able to monitor inventory levels at distance.We introduce a proactive planning methodology based on two types of collection orders: must- and can-orders.Every collection period all must-orders have to be collected, while canorders are only collected if they can be combined beneficially with the must-orders.The routing problem is solved by a combination of route generation and set partitioning.The system is illustrated in a real-life case study for Auto Recycling Nederland on the collection of liquids coming from end-oflife vehicles, such as coolant and oil.In several scenarios the old reactive approach is compared to the proactive approach resulting in cost savings up to about 19%.

Hypertension and albuminuria in chronic kidney disease mapped to a mouse chromosome 11 locus

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a key cause of hypertension and a potent independent risk for cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies suggest a strong genetic component determining susceptibility for renal disease and, by inference, the associated cardiovascular risk. With a subtotal nephrectomy model of kidney disease, we found the 129S6 mouse strain to be very susceptible to the development of hypertension, albuminuria, and kidney injury, whereas the C57BL/6 strain is relatively resistant. Accordingly, we set out to map quantitative trait loci conferring susceptibility to hypertension and albuminuria using this model with F2 mice. We found significant linkage of the blood pressure trait to two loci. At D11Mit143, mice homozygous for the 129S6 allele had significantly higher systolic blood pressure than mice heterozygous or homozygous for the C57BL/6 allele. Similarly, at D1Mit308, there was an excellent correlation between genotype and the blood pressure phenotype. The effect of the chromosome 11 locus was verified with a separate cohort of F2 mice. For the albuminuria trait, a significant locus was found at D11Mit143, which overlaps the blood pressure trait locus. Our studies have identified a region spanning ∼8 cM on mouse chromosome 11 that is associated with susceptibility to hypertension and albuminuria in CKD

Analysis of the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation for qqˉq\bar{q}-bound-states

We investigate the structure of the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation for $q\bar{q}$-bound states in the general case of unequal quark masses and develop a numerical scheme for the calculation of mass spectra and Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes. In order to appreciate the merits of the various competing models beyond the reproduction of the mass spectra we present explicit formulas to calculate electroweak decays. The results for an explicit quark model will be compared to experimental data in a subsequent paperComment: 11 pages, RevTeX, TK-93-1

3D FEA modelling of laminated composites in bending and their failure mechanisms

keywords: 3D keywords: 3D keywords: 3D keywords: 3D keywords: 3DAbstract This paper developed three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to investigate the effect of fibre lay-up on the initiation of failure of laminated composites in bending. Tsai-Hill failure criterion was applied to identify the critical areas of failure in composite laminates. In accordance with the 3D FEA, unidirectional ([0]16), cross-ply ([0/90]4s) and angle-ply ([±45]4s) laminates made up of pre-preg Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) composites were manufactured and tested under three-point bending. The basic principles of Classical Laminate Theory (CLT) were extended to three-dimension, and the analytical solution was critically compared with the FEA results. The 3D FEA results revealed significant transverse normal stresses in the cross-ply laminate and in-plane shear stress in the angle-ply laminate near free edge regions which are overlooked by conventional laminate model. The microscopic images showed that these free edge effects were the main reason for stiffness reduction observed in the bending tests. The study illustrated the significant effects of fibre lay-up on the flexural failure mechanisms in composite laminates which lead to some suggestions to improve the design of composite laminates