Solution of the Multi-objective Economic and Emission Load Dispatch Problem Using Adaptive Real Quantum Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm

Economic load dispatch is a complex and significant problem in power generation. The inclusion of emission with economic operation makes it a Multi-objective economic emission load dispatch (MOEELD) problem. So it is a tough task to resolve a constrained MOEELD problem with antagonistic multiple objectives of emission and cost. Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) have been widely used for solving such complex multi-objective problems. However, the performance of EAs on such problems is dependent on the choice of the operators and their parameters, which becomes a complex issue to solve in itself. The present work is carried out to solve a Multi-objective economic emission load dispatch problem using a Multi-objective adaptive real coded quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (MO-ARQIEA) with gratifying all the constraints of unit and system. A repair-based constraint handling and adaptive quantum crossover operator (ACO) are used to satisfy the constraints and preserve the diversity of the suggested approach. The suggested approach is evaluated on the IEEE 30-Bus system consisting of six generating units. These results obtained for different test cases are compared with other reputed and well-known techniques

Quantum Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm with a Novel Elitist Local Search Method for Scheduling of Thermal Units

The unit commitment problem is a complex and essential problem in the power generation field, which is solved to obtain the schedule of a large number of generating units to minimize the operating cost and the fulfillment of consumer load demand. The present work solves the unit commitment problem using quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms with a novel elitist local search method (QIEA-ELS). The proposed algorithm solves the unit commitment problem efficiently and its applicability is verified on various unit test systems. The constraints are satisfied efficiently to find a feasible solution, the novel elitist search method is used to locally explore the search area around the fittest individual to find a better solution in its vicinity in genotype space represent by qubits. The solution of the unit commitment is carried out considering two small population sizes as suggested in earlier work by other authors using QIEA, though it can be extended using larger population size also. The computational time is also reduced by using the suggested method with a novel elitist local search (ELS) method. The results obtained after applying the proposed algorithm are found to better as compared to other well-known solution techniques

Turbulent Compressible Convection with Rotation - Penetration above a Convection Zone

We perform Large eddy simulations of turbulent compressible convection in stellar-type convection zones by solving the Navi\'{e}r-Stokes equations in three dimensions. We estimate the extent of penetration into the stable layer above a stellar-type convection zone by varying the rotation rate ({\boldmath$\rm\Omega$}), the inclination of the rotation vector ($\theta$) and the relative stability ($S$) of the upper stable layer. The computational domain is a rectangular box in an f-plane configuration and is divided into two regions of unstable and stable stratification with the stable layer placed above the convectively unstable layer. Several models have been computed and the penetration distance into the stable layer above the convection zone is estimated by determining the position where time averaged kinetic energy flux has the first zero in the upper stable layer. The vertical grid spacing in all the model is non-uniform, and is less in the upper region so that the flows are better resolved in the region of interest. We find that the penetration distance increases as the rotation rate increases for the case when the rotation vector is aligned with the vertical axis. However, with the increase in the stability of the upper stable layer, the upward penetration distance decreases. Since we are not able to afford computations with finer resolution for all the models, we compute a number of models to see the effect of increased resolution on the upward penetration. In addition, we estimate the upper limit on the upward convective penetration from stellar convective cores.Comment: Accepted for Publication in Asttrophysics & Space Scienc

Bioremediation of tannery effluent by using Pseudomonas fluorescens and Eichhornia crassipes and its effect on Wheat seed germination and plant growth

Tannery industries discharge a large quantity of toxic substances like chromium, sodium sulphide, sodium carbonate, ammonium sulphate and chlorides in their effluent, which manifold soil pollution and affect on seed germination and plant growth. In this study, two investigational systems are attempted: i) tannery effluent was treated by aerobic bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes and ii) the impact of treated and untreated effluent and soil on seed germination and plant growth were studied. The physicochemical properties such as color, pH, COD, BOD, total solids, suspended solids, dissolved solids, and chromium concentration were found decreased in effluent that treated with bacterial strain for 72 h and Water hyacinth for 20 days. These treated effluent also significantly enhanced chlorophyll content, and biomass production over other of wheat plant. The results revealed that effluent treated by microbes and plant has no negative impact on the seed germination and plant growth. Thus, it can be effectively used for irrigation

Szikes talajok tápanyagviszonyai és genetikájuk a Magyar Alföldön. II. Foszfor- és káliumállapot

Black and white 8x10 Acetate Negativehttps://digitalmaine.com/arc_george_french_photos_a810/1906/thumbnail.jp

Pathologic Splenic Rupture in a Patient with Follicular Lymphoma

A middle aged man presented with abdominal pain and fever, with progressive dyspnea for the past one week. He had generalized lymphadenopathy with hepatosplenomegaly and a left sided pleural effusion on admission. Further evaluation revealed that he had lymphocytosis on peripheral blood. He then developed increasing abdominal pain and fall in hemoglobin which was confirmed on imaging to be due to a splenic rupture and he underwent a splenectomy. The diagnosis on lymph node biopsy and peripheral blood immunophenotyping was grade 1 follicular lymphoma. He has completed his 6 cycles of chemotherapy (R-CVP) and is on maintenance rituximab and doing well. The case highlights the fact that splenic rupture can even be caused by indolent lymphomas

Deployment of Hydropower in Nepal: Multiple Stakeholders’ Perspectives

Nepal could rely on its huge renewable energy potentials to meet its energy demand sustainably. Also, renewable energy sources are considered by several national policy makers and international organizations as an engine for socio-economic development of the country, which can provide access to electricity to everybody and stimulate economic activity and economic growth. Several efforts were taken by the national government to stimulate deployment of renewable energy electricity generation capacities. However, the country is still not able to cover its energy needs with renewable energy despite decades of efforts for their deployment. The assumption of this research was that uncertainty in energy policy and planning gaps in Nepal are connected with the dominance of a limited number of discourses and ignorance of other voices which might be helpful. Nowadays, evidence exists that a multi-stakeholder and multi-sector perspective is extremely important for sustainable development. We provide evaluation of various perspectives, including technical, social, economic, environmental, and political. We collect empirical data in frames of a comprehensive stakeholders’ process in Nepal. The stakeholders’ preferences are analyzed through various methods of decision support sciences such as multi criteria decision analysis. To fast track hydropower development, the government has classified them into five categories based on their generation capacity. Assessment of each category and their collective comparison on multiperspectives has never been tried. Hence, such an assessment leading towards their prioritization is the objective of the study. It may help to identify a suitable strategy or policy to maximize national benefits. The study carried within the framework of five alternatives (categories) of hydropower schemes and nine different hydropower perspectives applicable in Nepalese context. The scoring method based is on secondary source evidence is applied for assessment. The study ranks medium schemes (25 to 100 MW) as best in Nepalese context

The Diagnostic Potential of Transition Region Lines under-going Transient Ionization in Dynamic Events

We discuss the diagnostic potential of high cadence ultraviolet spectral data when transient ionization is considered. For this we use high cadence UV spectra taken during the impulsive phase of a solar flares (observed with instruments on-board the Solar Maximum Mission) which showed excellent correspondence with hard X-ray pulses. The ionization fraction of the transition region ion O V and in particular the contribution function for the O V 1371A line are computed within the Atomic Data and Analysis Structure, which is a collection of fundamental and derived atomic data and codes which manipulate them. Due to transient ionization, the O V 1371A line is enhanced in the first fraction of a second with the peak in the line contribution function occurring initially at a higher electron temperature than in ionization equilibrium. The rise time and enhancement factor depend mostly on the electron density. The fractional increase in the O V 1371A emissivity due to transient ionization can reach a factor of 2--4 and can explain the fast response in the line flux of transition regions ions during the impulsive phase of flares solely as a result of transient ionization. This technique can be used to diagnostic the electron temperature and density of solar flares observed with the forth-coming Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

A Farewell to Liouvillians

We examine the Liouvillian approach to the quantum Hall plateau transition, as introduced recently by Sinova, Meden, and Girvin [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 62}, 2008 (2000)] and developed by Moore, Sinova and Zee [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 046801 (2001)]. We show that, despite appearances to the contrary, the Liouvillian approach is not specific to the quantum mechanics of particles moving in a single Landau level: we formulate it for a general disordered single-particle Hamiltonian. We next examine the relationship between Liouvillian perturbation theory and conventional calculations of disorder-averaged products of Green functions and show that each term in Liouvillian perturbation theory corresponds to a specific contribution to the two-particle Green function. As a consequence, any Liouvillian approximation scheme may be re-expressed in the language of Green functions. We illustrate these ideas by applying Liouvillian methods, including their extension to $N_L > 1$ Liouvillian flavors, to random matrix ensembles, using numerical calculations for small integer $N_L$ and an analytic analysis for large $N_L$. We find that behavior at $N_L > 1$ is different in qualitative ways from that at $N_L=1$. In particular, the $N_L = \infty$ limit expressed using Green functions generates a pathological approximation, in which two-particle correlation functions fail to factorize correctly at large separations of their energy, and exhibit spurious singularities inside the band of random matrix energy levels. We also consider the large $N_L$ treatment of the quantum Hall plateau transition, showing that the same undesirable features are present there, too