Inverse scattering procedures for the reconstruction of one-dimensional permittivity range profile

In the present work we have presented a reliable and efficient algorithm for the data inversion, which is based on a fully nonlinear data model in conjunction with an optimization technique. The reconstruction of the permittivity range profile has been tested both on synthetic and real data to validate the electromagnetic code as well as to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the reconstruction procedure. We have studied the resolution of the algorithm and its robustness to the noise, demonstrating the ability of our procedure to be able to recognize the presence of high discontinuities even independently from the discretization fixed by the user. As a part of the ongoing improvement of the presented method, we have addressed the implementation of a new optimization algorithm, namely the particle swarm optimization, which has been customized and enhanced for our purposes. Finally, a detailed description of a fast and efficient procedure to evaluate the green’s function for a multilayered medium has been given. This is the groundwork useful for the next step toward a more reliable and versatile forward solver to be implemented in the inversion procedure

Pulsed Electric Field for protein release of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Neochloris oleoabundans

publishedVersionPaid Open Acces

Robust transmission and reconstruction of fragile optical states

We propose a scheme by which signals carried by a coherent optical source close to the quantum noise limit can be amplified, making them more robust against losses, and then reconstructed at a remote site. The amplitude signal-to-noise ratio, the absolute amplitude noise level, and optical coherence are preserved. The scheme utilizes electro-optic feedforward and laser injection locking. We investigate the performance of the scheme as a quantum nondemolition device. [S1050-2947(97)02411-6]

FOS rearrangement and expression in cementoblastoma

Cementoblastomas are rare odontogenic tumors developing in close proximity to the roots of teeth. Due to their striking morphologic resemblance to osteoblastomas of the peripheral skeleton, we set out to determine whether cementoblastomas harbor the same FOS rearrangements with overexpression of c-FOS as has recently been described for osteoblastomas. In total, 16 cementoblastomas were analyzed for FOS expression by immunohistochemistry and for FOS rearrangements by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We observed strong and diffuse staining of c-FOS in 71% of cementoblastomas and identified a FOS rearrangement in all cases (n=3) applicable for FISH. In the remaining cases, FISH failed due to decalcification. Cementoblastomas harbor similar FOS rearrangements and show overexpression of c-FOS like osteoblastomas, suggesting that both entities might represent parts of the spectrum of the same disease.Imaging- and therapeutic targets in neoplastic and musculoskeletal inflammatory diseas

Expanding the spectrum of EWSR1-NFATC2-rearranged benign tumors a common genomic abnormality in vascular malformation/hemangioma and simple bone cyst

A simple bone cyst (SBC) is a cystic bone lesion predominantly affecting young males. The cyst is lined by a fibrous membrane and filled with serosanguinous fluid. EWSR1/FUS-NFATC2 rearrangements were recently identified in SBC. We here report exactly the same rearrangement in 3 lesions diagnosed as vascular malformations of 2 elderly patients. In total, through Archer FusionPlex, fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction the EWSR1-NFATC2 rearrangement was identified in 6 of 9 SBC, 3 of 12 benign vascular tumors, and none of 5 aneurysmal bone cyst lacking USP6 fusion. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, it was apparent that amplification of the fusion, as seen in EWSR1-NFATC2 round cell sarcomas, was absent, and that in the vascular tumors the fusion was present both in the lining cells as well as in the surrounding spindle cells. Of note, not all of the spaces in the vascular malformations were lined by endothelial cells. Aggrecan was positive in all cases but was not specific. NKX2-2 and NKX3-1 staining were negative in all cases. Thus, even though the overlap between the 2 entities is limited to the presence of few thick-walled cysts lacking endothelial lining in the benign vascular malformations, the spectrum of benign tumors containing NFATC2 fusions should be expanded and contains not only SBC in the young, but also vascular malformation/hemangioma in elderly patients.Molecular tumour pathology - and tumour geneticsMTG

Retrieving back plastic wastes for conversion to value added petrochemicals: opportunities, challenges and outlooks

Plastic production and its unplanned management and disposal, has been shown to pollute terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environments. Petroleum-derived plastics do not decompose and tend to persist in the surrounding environment for longer time. Plastics can be ingested and accumulate into the tissues of both terrestrial and aquatic animals, which can impede their growth and development. Petrochemicals are the primary feedstocks for the manufacture of plastics. The plastic wastes can be retrieved back for conversion to value added petrochemicals including aromatic char, hydrogen, synthesis gas, and bio-crude oil using various technologies including thermochemical, catalytic conversion and chemolysis. This review focusses on technologies, opportunities, challenges and outlooks of retrieving back plastic wastes for conversion to value added petrochemicals. The review also explores both the technical and management approaches for conversion of plastic wastes to petrochemicals in regard to commercial feasibility, and economic and environmental sustainability. Further, this review work provides a detailed discussion on opportunities and challenges associated with recent thermochemical and catalytic conversion technologies adopted for retrieving plastic waste to fuels and chemicals. The review also recommends prospects for future research to improve the processes and cost-efficiency of promising technologies for conversion of plastic wastes to petrochemicals. It is envisioned that this review would overcomes the knowledge gaps on conversion technologies and further contribute in emerging sustainable approaches for exploiting plastic wastes for value-added products

Consensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies

Objectives: The purpose of this document is to make the output of the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IWG-IVOCT) Standardization and Validation available to medical and scientific communities, through a peer-reviewed publication, in the interest of improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients with atherosclerosis, including coronary artery disease. Background: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a catheter-based modality that acquires images at a resolution of ∼10 μm, enabling visualization of blood vessel wall microstructure in vivo at an unprecedented level of detail. IVOCT devices are now commercially available worldwide, there is an active user base, and the interest in using this technology is growing. Incorporation of IVOCT in research and daily clinical practice can be facilitated by the development of uniform terminology and consensus-based standards on use of the technology, interpretation of the images, and reporting of IVOCT results. Methods: The IWG-IVOCT, comprising more than 260 academic and industry members from Asia, Europe, and the United States, formed in 2008 and convened on the topic of IVOCT standardization through a series of 9 national and international meetings. Results: Knowledge and recommendations from this group on key areas within the IVOCT field were assembled to generate this consensus document, authored by the Writing Committee, composed of academicians who have participated in meetings and/or writing of the text. Conclusions: This document may be broadly used as a standard reference regarding the current state of the IVOCT imaging modality, intended for researchers and clinicians who use IVOCT and analyze IVOCT data