Effects of Heavy Ions on ULF Wave Resonances Near the Equatorial Region

Pc1-2 ULF waves are strongly associated with the presence of various ions in the magnetosphere. We investigate the role of heavy ion resonances in nonuniform plasmas near the equatorial region. By adopting the invariant imbedding method, the coupled plasma wave equations are solved in an exact manner to calculate the resonant absorption at the ion-ion hybrid resonance. Our results show that irreversible mode conversion occurs at the resonance, which absorbs the fast wave energy. It is found that waves near the resonances appear with linear polarization, and their amplitude and frequency are sensitive to the properties of the heavy ion plasma composition. We examine how these resonances occur for various H+ - He+ populations in detail by performing an accurate calculation of the mode conversion effciency. Because the multi-ion hybrid resonance locations in cold plasmas are determined by simple parameters such as the fraction of the ion number density of each species and the magnetic field, we suggest that it is possible to monitor heavy ion composition by examining the peak frequencies of linearly polarized wave events in either electric field or magnetic field spectral data

Supply chain integration:challenges and solutions

Since its introduction by management consultants in the early 1980s, supply chain management (SCM) has been primarily concerned with the integration of processes and activities both within and between organisations. The concept of supply chain integration (SCI) is based on documented evidence that suggests that much of the waste throughout businesses is a consequence of fragmented supply chain configurations. However, there is also evidence to suggest that the achievement of higher levels of intra- and inter-firm integration presents an array of managerial challenges. The need for innovation in all aspects of SCM is widely recognised. Given the pivotal role of the integration paradigm within SCM, any meaningful innovation in this area must focus heavily on this issue. This chapter outlines some of the challenges by exploring the evolving SCM business context. It goes on to relate SCM theory to the widely cited Porter value chain concept. The core of the chapter provides a detailed description of SCI based on a wide variety of literature. It does so with particular reference to the challenges inherent in implementing an integrated business paradigm with a view to identifying a range of possible innovative solutions. The adoption of more integrated supply chain structures raises questions regarding the nature of both internal and external customer/supplier relationships. The effective management of such relationships is, therefore, given particular focus

Digital information and knowledge management: new opportunities for research libraries

buku ini membahas tentang bagaimana cara pustakawan perguruan tinggi bisa menggunakan manajemen ilmu pengetahuan untuk meningkatkan bahan pustaka elektronik.117 hlm. ; 21 c

Real-time ZMP Compensation Method using Null Motion for Mobile Manipulators

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Meta-Analysis approach for the identification of molecular networks related to infections of the oral cavity

Chronic periodontitis is the most common infection of the oral cavity. Understanding how and why bacteria enter host cells, and how barrier cells respond to limit their impact, provides a biological basis of infection in the mixed bacterial-human ecosystem of the oral cavity. In addition, elucidation of the underlying shared pathogenic mechanisms of complex diseases like diabetes and oral infections can lead to new insight into the involvement of genes in increased susceptibility of patients with oral infections to complex systemic diseases and vice versa. Transcriptional profiling, statistical and ontology tools are used to uncover and dissect genes and pathways of human gingival epithelial cells that are modulated upon interaction with the periodontal pathogens. Affymetrix microarrays are applied to search the gene expression underlying infection with oral bacteria and identify distinct classes of up- and down-regulated genes during this process. The developed meta-analysis approach can help to extract sets of genes related to oral infection and interaction networks by integrating and combining quantitative gene expression data using statistical approaches. By means of overrepresentation analysis, the authors discovered molecular networks related to immune systems responses