Ultrasound-guided trans-rectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for advanced cervical cancer ablation is feasible: a case report.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an ablative treatment undergoing assessment for the treatment of benign and malignant disease. We describe the first reported intracavitary HIFU ablation for recurrent, unresectable and symptomatic cervical cancer.A 38 year old woman receiving palliative chemotherapy for metastatic cervical adenocarcinoma was offered ablative treatment from an intracavitary trans-rectal HIFU device (Sonablate® 500). Pre-treatment symptoms included vaginal bleeding and discharge that were sufficient to impede her quality of life. No peri-procedural adverse events occurred. Symptoms resolved completely immediately post-procedure, reappeared at 7 days, increasing to pre-procedural levels by day 30.This first time experience of intracavitary cervical HIFU suggests that it is feasible for palliation of advanced cervical cancer, with no early evidence of unexpected toxicity. Ethical approval had also been granted for the use of per-vaginal access if appropriate. This route, alone or in combination with the rectal route, may provide increased accessibility in future patients with a redesigned device more suited to trans-vaginal ablations.Intracavitary HIFU is a potentially safe procedure for the treatment of cervical cancer and able to provide symptomatic improvement in the palliative setting

The Effect of Teaching Optics Physics Based On Directed Inquiry Strategy on the Tenth Grade Students’ Achievement and Their Attitudes toward the Subject

This study aimed to investigate the effect of  teaching optics physics based on directed inquiry on the tenth grade female students’ achievement and attitudes toward the optics as a branch of physics in jordan. to achieve this aim, a quasi-experimental approach with a pre/post- test, was designed to examine the effect of the independent variable (teaching strategy / ordinary method) on the dependent variables (scientific achievement and attitudes of students toward optics physics). The study used two instruments for data collection, the first; achievement test.this test included in the final version (30) items of multiple choice with four alternatives, difficulty and discrimination coefficient of the test was calculated as well as the face and content validity and reliability was verified. and the second; was the scientific attitudes measure. this measure consisted of (25) items and a five-level likert scale used to determine the degree of attitudes. face and content validity and reliability of the measure were verified.The results of the statistical analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group for both dependent variables (the achievement and the scientific attitudes).these results mean that teaching according to the directed inquiry strategy caused a significant impact on improving the achievement levels and the attitudes of students toward the subject of optics physics.In light of the study results, the researchers recommended using the directed inquiry in teaching optics as it improves their work and promotes the positive attitudes of students. Key words: directed inqury strategy, achievement, attitudes, optics physics

Evaluation of the Organic-Pollution Based on the Determination of some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Tigris River Water in 2012 at Baghdad City , Iraq

This study aims to predict the organic pollution produced from the presence of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and determination it's concentrations (µg/L , ppb) in Tigris river water by a collection twenty-seven water samples from a selected three stations with nine sampling sites and three depths of water (5 cm , 2 m and 4 m) each site for 4.6 km distance of a geographic studied area which is located between the ( Al-Senak and AL-Sarrafiah bridges ) at Baghdad city – Iraq on May, 2012. The geographic location was determined with a Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) software program. The concentrations of fourteen components (PAHs) were performed using the reverse phase of high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) technique. Samples were chemically treated using liquid-liquid extraction method , filtered , extracted , dried , evaporated and pre-concentrated in order to be ready for analysis . The determined concentrations of (PAHs) for the studied area did exceed the criteria values proposed by the International Environmental Organizations like American Environment Protection Agency (U.S-EPA) and British Health Agency (BHA) . The results were showed that the maximum values of the total concentrations (PAHs) were found to be 228 µg/L (5 cm depth , site F, Medicine city station , Al-Resafa bank) , 192.1 µg/L (2 m depth , site D , Medicine city station , Al-Karkh bank) and 80.1 µg/L (4 m depth , site D , Medicine city station , Al-Karkh bank) , while the minimum values were found to be be 51.2 µg/L (5 cm depth , site I, Al-Sarrafia bridge station , Al-Resafa bank) , 33.4 µg/L (2 m depth , site G , Al-Sarrafia bridge station , Al-Karkh bank) and 4.8 µg/L (4 m depth , site G , Al-Sarrafia bridge station , Al-Karkh bank)

Role of Salicylic Acid in the Improvement of PEG – Induced Drought Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.) cv. Baghdad

Laboratory experiment using hydroponic culture system was conducted at plant physiology laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure  Sciences, University of Basrah, in order to study the role of seeds soaking with salicylic acid (SA) and the effect of PEG8000 induced water stress on germination and early seedling growth stages of maize (Zea mays L.) cv. Baghdad. Seeds were soaked with three concentrations of SA (0.1,0.3 and 0.5 mM) in addition to control treatment with distilled water, while PEG8000 were used at concentrations of  0% (distilled water) 1%, 2%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%. The data was recorded on various parameters like seeds germination percentage, seedlings roots and shoot length and seedlings roots and shoot fresh and dry weight.The experiment was designed as completely randomized factorial with three replicates for each treatment. Results indicated that SA at 0.5 mM caused a significant increase in germination percentage roots and shoot length, roots and shoots fresh and dry weight while PEG8000 caused a significant decrease especially at its high concentrations (6% and 9%) in all the previous parameters. Interaction between SA at 0.5 mM and PEG had improved significantly germination percentage, shoot and roots length, shoot and roots fresh and dry weight so it had a positive significance effect on increasing the drought tolerance in maize. Keywords: Maize, Salicylic acid, PEG8000, Hydroponic, Germination, Seedling growth.

A Review Article: Free Radical and Replacement Synthetic Antioxidant by Natural Antioxidant

Free radical may be responsible of several pathophysiology disease for threatening human life, and they are produced from endogenous and exogenous sources. Using the balanced amount  of nutritious diet lead to a good health, may be neutralizing or scavenging  free radicals by antioxidants compounds. daily diet have large number of vitamin A, E and C, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc. as natural antioxidants, the main bases of them are fruits, cereals, vegetables, and beverages. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant substances are two different kinds that lessen the reactions of free radicals. In order to protect itself from reactive oxygen species, the human body uses an enzyme antioxidant. The two kinds of non-enzymatic antioxidants are natural antioxidants and synthetic antioxidants. The aim of this review is to knowledge a reasons which causes the free radical and balance them by natural antioxidant constituents, and replacement synthetic antioxidant by natural antioxidant, due to daily diet have large amounts from natural antioxidants, and natural antioxidants more effective than synthetic antioxidants, in additional they occurrence in nature and more inexpensive

the role of cetuximab in converting initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases for resection

Abstract In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) predominantly confined to the liver, whether a patient undergoes potentially curative resection of the liver lesions is a well-established principal determinant of long-term survival. There are a number of different agents, both chemotherapeutic and targeted biologic agents, which can aid in shrinking liver tumors, which would have otherwise been unresectable, allowing for potentially curative resection. The aim of this review article is to summarize the available evidence regarding optimal therapeutic strategies for converting initially unresectable metastases for potentially curative resection; we do not discuss patients who present with initially resectable disease. We have taken the approach to review trials that included R0 resection rates as one of the principal study endpoints and specifically enrolled patients with liver-limited disease. Primary tumor location has recently emerged as a putative prognostic and predictive factor in patients with mCRC; however, presently, there is a lack of resectability outcomes differentiating tumor location–defined subgroups, and several ongoing trials and retrospective analyses are anticipated to guide insights in the future. In conclusion, in patients with RAS wild-type mCRC, the data support preferential use of the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody cetuximab when combined with standard-of-care infusional doublet chemotherapy regimens (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) for the conversion of initially unresectable metastases for potentially curative resection. Furthermore, we discuss data involving intensified chemotherapy regimens (i.e., 3-drug backbones such as FOLFOXIRI with or without a targeted biologic agent) to promote the conversion of initially unresectable metastases for potentially curative resection

Study of Optical and Structural Properties of ZnS/rGO Nano Composites Prepared by Laser Ablation

Through the physical process of laser ablation, zinc sulfide (ZnS/rGO) nanoparticles were created. From there, it was possible to estimate the crystal structure and crystallite size of X-ray diffraction (XRD) particles (D = 8.35 nm). The visible ultraviolet absorption spectrum has also been used to study optical characteristics. The Neodymium-Yak laser (1064 nm) with the pulsed laser energy of 800 mJ and 600 pulse at a frequency of 6 Hz in room temperature was used to form the Graphen Oxide as a Nano composite after it had been prepared by the hummer method and combined with zinc sulfide. This resulted in the generation of plasma that contributed to the formation of Nanoparticles. To determine the components of the material, several measurements were done on it, including FTIR, SEM, XRD and EDAX for samples. In this chapter, ZnS/rGO nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation method as well as by hydrothermal chemical method, and optical and structural examinations for both were found. Hence, the laser ablation method proved to be highly efficient compared to the chemical method in terms of knowing the Nano scale sizes and the different energy gaps, which helps in finding multiple future applications for them

Evaluation of the Level and Polymorphism of the Osteocalcin Gene in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

The hormone is known as the bone protein γ-carboxyglutamic acid. The hormone belongs to the family of proteins that depend on vitamin K, as this vitamin is a catalyst in the formation of (γ-carboxylation) that determines its attraction to the bone matrix and calcium, and this contributes to the formation of bones. Moreover, the non-carboxylated form of the hormone that exerts hormonal properties and is also involved in glucose and energy metabolism, stimulates osteoblasts to secrete insulin directly and indirectly from the pancreas through the synthesis of glucagon-like-peptide 1 GLP-1 From the small intestine this enhances insulin sensitivity in fat cells and muscle cells. This property may have an effect on bone mineralization and may lead to a change in bone quality and an increased risk of fractures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the level of osteocalcin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison with the healthy ones and its relationship with the enzymes (GSH, CP, SOD), and to detect the gene encoding the hormone osteocalcin in the disease and to find the relationship between the hormone osteocalcin and vital variables. Blood samples were collected from (30) healthy people (15) males and (15) females, their ages ranged from (25-60) years and (30) patients from (19) males and (11) females in a hospital Salah Al-Din General and Al-Sharqat General Hospital, and the analyzes were measured in the central laboratory of the hospital, which were examined by the specialist doctor. This study showed that the levels of OC in the blood serum of people with rheumatoid arthritis is statistically higher compared to the healthy ones, and a significant decrease in the level of GSH for patients compared with the healthy ones, and a significant increase in the level of CP and the level of SOD for patients compared with the healthy ones, and there is a positive correlation between the level of OC and the level of CP And a negative relationship between OC level, GSH level and SOD level. It was revealed that there were significant differences at the level of probability (P<0.01) of repeating the allele for the OC gene between the group of patients and the healthy ones, where the value of the repeating of the mutated C allele increased and the level of the normal T allele decreased within the group of patients compared to the healthy ones