Temperature and volatile organic compound concentrations as controlling factors for chemical composition of alpha-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol

This work investigates the individual and combined effects of temperature and volatile organic compound precursor concentrations on the chemical composition of particles formed in the dark ozonolysis of alpha-pinene. All experiments were conducted in a 5m(3) Teflon chamber at an initial ozone concentration of 100 ppb and initial alpha-pinene concentrations of 10 and 50 ppb, respectively; at constant temperatures of 20, 0, or -15 degrees C; and at changing temperatures (ramps) from -15 to 20 and from 20 to -15 degrees C. The chemical composition of the particles was probed using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). A four-factor solution of a positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of the combined HR-ToF-AMS data is presented. The PMF analysis and the elemental composition analysis of individual experiments show that secondary organic aerosol particles with the highest oxidation level are formed from the lowest initial alpha-pinene concentration (10 ppb) and at the highest temperature (20 degrees C). A higher initial alpha-pinene concentration (50 ppb) and/or lower temperature (0 or -15 degrees C) results in a lower oxidation level of the molecules contained in the particles. With respect to the carbon oxidation state, particles formed at 0 degrees C are more comparable to particles formed at 15 degrees C than to those formed at 20 degrees C. A remarkable observation is that changes in temperature during particle formation result in only minor changes in the elemental composition of the particles. Thus, the temperature at which aerosol particle formation is induced seems to be a critical parameter for the particle elemental composition. Comparison of the HR-ToF-AMS-derived estimates of the content of organic acids in the particles based on m/z 44 in the mass spectra show good agreement with results from off-line molecular analysis of particle filter samples collected from the same experiments. Higher temperatures are associated with a decrease in the absolute mass concentrations of organic acids (R-COOH) and organic acid functionalities (-COOH), while the organic acid functionalities account for an increasing fraction of the measured particle mass.Peer reviewe

On the temperature of large biomolecules in ion-storage rings

A method to determine the temperature of molecular ions in an ion-storage ring is presented. Molecular ions were repeatedly irradiated by laser pulses over several hundred milliseconds, and the rate of fragmentation was used to determine the temperature of the photoexcited ions. The initial temperature of the ions before photoabsorption was in turn found from the microcanonical caloric curve for the molecule of interest. The temperature evolution of the protonated GFP chromophore in the ELISA storage ring was found for different starting conditions by this method. We find that the initial temperature of the ions when entering the ring depends on the ion-trap temperature and the amount of buffer gas used in the trap. In particular, collisional heating during acceleration after the ion trap can be significant. Protonated GFP chromophores, produced under different conditions, were used to determine temperature effects on the gas-phase absorption spectra

Voruntersuchung der Technologie beim Schleifen von Planflaechen

SIGLETIB: AC 7190 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman