186 research outputs found
Stellar Stream and Halo Structure in the Andromeda Galaxy From a Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
We present wide and deep photometry of the northwest part of the halo of the
Andromeda galaxy (M31) using Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. The
survey covers 9.2 deg field in the , , and bands and shows
a clear red giant branch (RGB) of M31's halo stars and a pronounced red clump
(RC) feature. The spatial distribution of RC stars shows a prominent stream
feature, the North Western (NW) Stream, and a diffuse substructure in the south
part of our survey field. We estimate the distances based on the RC method and
obtain = 24.63(random)(systematic) and 24.29(random)(systematic) mag for the NW stream and diffuse
substructure, respectively, implying that the NW Stream is located behind M31,
whereas the diffuse substructure is located in front. We also estimate
line-of-sight distances along the NW Stream and find that the south part of the
stream is 20 kpc closer to us relative to the north part. The distance to
the NW Stream inferred from the isochrone fitting to the color-magnitude
diagram favors the RC-based distance, but the TRGB-based distance estimated for
-selected RGB stars does not agree with it. The surface number density
distribution of RC stars across the NW Stream is found to be approximately
Gaussian with a FWHM of 25 arcmin (5.7 kpc), with a slight skew to the
south-west side. That along the NW Stream shows a complicated structure
including variations in number density and a significant gap in the stream.Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Using the Waseda Bioinstrumentation System WB-1R to analyze Surgeon’s performance during laparoscopy - towards the development of a global performance index -
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become very common in recent years, thanks to the many advantages it provides for patients. Since it is difficult for surgeons to learn and master this technique, several training methods and metrics have been proposed, both to improve the surgeon's abilities and also to assess his/her skills. This paper presents the use of the WB-1R (Waseda Bioinstrumentation system no.1. Refined), which was developed at Waseda University, Tokyo, to investigate and analyze a surgeon's movements and performance. Specifically, the system can measure the movements of the head, the arms, and the hands, as well as several physiological parameters. In this paper we present our experiment to evaluate a surgeon's ability to handle surgical instruments and his/her depth perception using a laparoscopic view. Our preliminary analysis of a subset of the acquired data (i.e. comfort of the subjects; the amount of time it took o complete each exercise; and respiration) clearly shows that the expert surgeon and the group of medical students perform very differently. Therefore, WB-1R (or, better, a newer version tailored specifically for use in the operating room) could provide important additional information to help assess the experience and performance of surgeons, thus leading to the development of a Global Performance Index for surgeons during MIS. These analyses and modeling, moreover, are an important step towards the automatization and the robotic assistance of the surgical gesture
New neurons use Slit-Robo signaling to migrate through the glial meshwork and approach a lesion for functional regeneration
After brain injury, neural stem cell–derived neuronal precursors (neuroblasts) in the ventricular-subventricular zone migrate toward the lesion. However, the ability of the mammalian brain to regenerate neuronal circuits for functional recovery is quite limited. Here, using a mouse model for ischemic stroke, we show that neuroblast mi-gration is restricted by reactive astrocytes in and around the lesion. To migrate, the neuroblasts use Slit1-Robo2 signaling to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton in reactive astrocytes at the site of contact. Slit1-overexpressing neu-roblasts transplanted into the poststroke brain migrated closer to the lesion than did control neuroblasts. These neuroblasts matured into striatal neurons and efficiently regenerated neuronal circuits, resulting in functional recovery in the poststroke mice. These results suggest that the positioning of new neurons will be critical for func-tional neuronal regeneration in stem/progenitor cell–based therapies for brain injury
Extensive deep vein thrombosis treatment using fondaparinux and edoxaban: a case report
High visceral fat with low subcutaneous fat accumulation as a determinant of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes
Oxygen-isotope fractionation during the freezing of seawater
第2回極域科学シンポジウム 共通セッション「大気-海洋-雪氷-固体地球の相互作用」 11月15日(火) 統計数理研究所 3階リフレッシュフロ
Insulin Treatment Attenuates Decline of Muscle Mass in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Adherence to the preventive strategies for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug- or low-dose aspirin-induced gastrointestinal injuries
Is visceral adiposity a modifier for the impact of blood pressure on arterial stiffness and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes?
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