2,153 research outputs found
Novel Scaling Behavior for the Multiplicity Distribution under Second-Order Quark-Hadron Phase Transition
Deviation of the multiplicity distribution in small bin from its
Poisson counterpart is studied within the Ginzburg-Landau description for
second-order quark-hadron phase transition. Dynamical factor for the distribution and ratio are defined, and
novel scaling behaviors between are found which can be used to detect the
formation of quark-gluon plasma. The study of and is also very
interesting for other multiparticle production processes without phase
transition.Comment: 4 pages in revtex, 5 figures in eps format, will be appeared in Phys.
Rev.
Factorial Moments of Continuous Order
The normalized factorial moments are continued to noninteger values of
the order , satisfying the condition that the statistical fluctuations
remain filtered out. That is, for Poisson distribution for all .
The continuation procedure is designed with phenomenology and data analysis in
mind. Examples are given to show how can be obtained for positive and
negative values of . With being continuous, multifractal analysis is
made possible for multiplicity distributions that arise from self-similar
dynamics. A step-by-step procedure of the method is summarized in the
conclusion.Comment: 15 pages + 9 figures (figures available upon request), Late
Automation in cell and gene therapy manufacturing:from past to future
As more and more cell and gene therapies are being developed and with the increasing number of regulatory approvals being obtained, there is an emerging and pressing need for industrial translation. Process efficiency, associated cost drivers and regulatory requirements are issues that need to be addressed before industrialisation of cell and gene therapies can be established. Automation has the potential to address these issues and pave the way towards commercialisation and mass production as it has been the case for ‘classical’ production industries. This review provides an insight into how automation can help address the manufacturing issues arising from the development of large-scale manufacturing processes for modern cell and gene therapy. The existing automated technologies with applicability in cell and gene therapy manufacturing are summarized and evaluated here
The random case of Conley's theorem: III. Random semiflow case and Morse decomposition
In the first part of this paper, we generalize the results of the author
\cite{Liu,Liu2} from the random flow case to the random semiflow case, i.e. we
obtain Conley decomposition theorem for infinite dimensional random dynamical
systems. In the second part, by introducing the backward orbit for random
semiflow, we are able to decompose invariant random compact set (e.g. global
random attractor) into random Morse sets and connecting orbits between them,
which generalizes the Morse decomposition of invariant sets originated from
Conley \cite{Con} to the random semiflow setting and gives the positive answer
to an open problem put forward by Caraballo and Langa \cite{CL}.Comment: 21 pages, no figur
Criticality, Fractality and Intermittency in Strong Interactions
Assuming a second-order phase transition for the hadronization process, we
attempt to associate intermittency patterns in high-energy hadronic collisions
to fractal structures in configuration space and corresponding intermittency
indices to the isothermal critical exponent at the transition temperature. In
this approach, the most general multidimensional intermittency pattern,
associated to a second-order phase transition of the strongly interacting
system, is determined, and its relevance to present and future experiments is
discussed.Comment: 15 pages + 2 figures (available on request), CERN-TH.6990/93,
UA/NPPS-5-9
Atmospheric dynamics over Europe during the Younger Dryas revealed by palaeoglaciers
A dataset of 120 palaeoglaciers ranging from Morocco in the south to Svalbard in the north and from Ireland in
the west to Turkey in the east, has been assembled from the literature. A robust quality control on the chronology
was undertaken and, when derived from cosmogenic nuclides, ages were recalculated using the most up-to-date
production rates. All the reconstructed glaciers date to the Younger Dryas. Frontal moraines/limits were used to
initiate the palaeoglacier reconstructions using GlaRe, a GIS tool which generates an equilibrium profile ice surface
along a single flowline and extrapolates this to out to a 3D ice surface. From the resulting glacier surfaces
palaeo-ELAs were calculated within the GIS. Where multiple glaciers were reconstructed within in a region, a
single ELA value was generated. Results show that ELAs decrease with latitude but have a more complex pattern
with longitude. A database of 121 sites, spanning the same geographical range as the palaeoglaciers, was compiled
for Younger Dryas temperature, determined from palaeoproxies, for example pollen, diatoms, coleoptera,
chironimids etc. These proxy data were merged and interpolated to generate maps of average temperature for the
warmest and coldest months and annual average temperature. Results show that, in general, temperature decreases
with latitude. Temperature at the palaeo-ELAs were determined from the temperature maps using a lapse rate of
0.65C/100m and the precipitation required for equilibrium was calculated. Positive precipitation anomalies are
found along much of the western seaboard of Europe, with the most striking positive anomalies present in the
eastern Mediterranean. Negative precipitation anomalies appear on the northern side of the Alps. This pattern is
interpreted to represent a southward displaced polar frontal jet stream with a concomitant track of Atlantic midlatitude depressions, leading to more frequent incursions of low pressure systems especially over the relatively
warm eastern Mediterranean, enhancing cyclogenesis. This is similar to the modern Scandinavia (SCAND) pattern
which, in its positive phase, is characterised by a high pressure anomaly over Fennoscandia and western Russia,
negative pressure anomalies around the Iberian Peninsula and enhanced cyclogenesis in the central and eastern
Mediterranean. During the YD the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet and permafrost across much of northern continental
Europe and Russia would have generated a high pressure region leading to a persistent, enhanced SCAND
circulation
Gauge-boson propagator in out of equilibrium quantum-field system and the Boltzmann equation
We construct from first principles a perturbative framework for studying
nonequilibrium quantum-field systems that include gauge bosons. The system of
our concern is quasiuniform system near equilibrium or nonequilibrium
quasistationary system. We employ the closed-time-path formalism and use the
so-called gradient approximation. No further approximation is introduced. We
construct a gauge-boson propagator, with which a well-defined perturbative
framework is formulated. In the course of construction of the framework, we
obtain the generalized Boltzmann equation (GBE) that describes the evolution of
the number-density functions of gauge-bosonic quasiparticles. The framework
allows us to compute the reaction rate for any process taking place in the
system. Various processes, in turn, cause an evolution of the systems, which is
described by the GBE.Comment: 28 page
Factorial Moments in a Generalized Lattice Gas Model
We construct a simple multicomponent lattice gas model in one dimension in
which each site can either be empty or occupied by at most one particle of any
one of species. Particles interact with a nearest neighbor interaction
which depends on the species involved. This model is capable of reproducing the
relations between factorial moments observed in high--energy scattering
experiments for moderate values of . The factorial moments of the negative
binomial distribution can be obtained exactly in the limit as becomes
large, and two suitable prescriptions involving randomly drawn nearest neighbor
interactions are given. These results indicate the need for considerable care
in any attempt to extract information regarding possible critical phenomena
from empirical factorial moments.Comment: 15 pages + 1 figure (appended as postscript file), REVTEX 3.0,
NORDITA preprint 93/4
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