Elektronicka dokumentace pro osetrovatelskou diagnostiku v domaci peci

Article in Czech. Abstract and keywords also in English. English title is: Electronic documentation for nursing diagnostics in home careOšetřovatelská dokumentace je legislativnĕ definovanou povinnou součástí zdravotnické dokumentace. Je důlezitá zejména v organizacích, kde je primárnĕ poskytována oššetřovatelská péče samostatnĕ pracujícími sestrami, jako je domácí péãe. Stĕžejní fází ošetřovatelského procesu je ošetřovatelská diagnostika pacienta/klienta s využitím standardizované terminologie. Ošetřovatelská diagnózy se všemi příslušnými prvky zakomponovanými v elektronické dokumentaci poskytují systematický rámec pro dokumentování a stanovení prioritních potfieb a problémÛ pacientÛ. âlánek prezentuje pfiípravu a ovûfiování elektronické dokumentace, která bude vyuÏívána v domácí péãI pro sbûr ošetfiovatelských dat, pro zhodnocení zdravotního stavu pacienta a jeho potfieb a pro stanovení ošetřovatelských diagnóz s využitím mezinárodní taxonomie NANDA-Int. = Nursing documentation is legislatively defined an obligatory part of health records. It is particularly important in organizations where it is primary providing nursing care by independently working nurses, such as home care. The pivotal phase of the nursing process is nursing diagnostics of patient/client using a standardized terminology. Nursing diagnosis with all the relevant components compiled in electronic record provides a systematic framework for documenting and identifying priority needs and problems of patients. The article presents the preparation and verification of electronic documentation, which will be used in home care for collecting nursing data, for assessment of the patient's health status and his needs and for determination of the nursing diagnoses using the NANDA-Int.Jarošová, D., Sikorová, L., Marečková, J, Pajorová,

Osetrovatelske intervence v domaci peci

Article in Czech, abstract in both Czech and English. English title: Nursing interventions in home carePříspěvek prezentuje dílčí výsledky pokračujícího projektu IGA MZ ČR, zabývajícího se tvorbou české verze vybran ých částí klasifikace NIC v domácí péči. Klasifikace NIC je mezinárodní klasifikací ošetřovatelských intervencí a aktivit sestry, která zpřehledňuje a dokumentuje autonomní činnosti sester. Ošetřovatelské intervence a aktivity (NIC) byly zvoleny k posouzení expertní skupinou v závislosti na předchozí ošetřovatelské diagnostice 200 klientů agentury domácí péče v Ostravě. Zařazeny byly intervence a aktivity pro ošetřovatelské diagnózy s četností nad 26 % (9 diagnóz). Těmto diagnózám odpovídalo 263 intervencí spolu s 6 356 příslušnými aktivitami sestry. Tento soubor vybraných intervencí NIC byl posouzen akademickými ošetřovatelskými odborníky a expertní skupinou sester s ohledem na platnou českou legislativu a aktuální stav kompetencí sester. Výsledkem je banka 110 ošetřovatelských intervencí dle NIC a 2 150 příslušných aktivit, které byly zaneseny do elektronické dokumentace pro domácí péči. = This paper presents the partial results of an ongoing project dealing with the creation of a Czech version of selected parts of the NIC classification in home care. NIC classification is an international classification of interventions and activities that nurses perform, which streamlines and documents the autonomous nurses' activities. An expert group chose nursing interventions and activities (NIC) that were based on the previous diagnosis of 200 clients from a home care agency in Ostrava for assessment. They included interventions and activities for nursing diagnoses with a frequency above 26 % (9 diagnoses). These diagnoses corresponded to 263 interventions with 6 356 of relevant nurses' activities. This set of selected NIC interventions was assessed by academic nursing specialists and an expert group of nurses with regard to the valid Czech legislation and the current state of competencies of nurses. As a result, there is a database of 110 nursing interventions according to the NIC and 2150 activities, which were entered into the electronic documentation for home care.Jarošová, D., Sikorová, L., Marečková, J., Pajorová, H

Impact of educational and psychological interventions compared with standard care in college/university students with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review protocol

Objective: This review will explore the impact of educational and psychological interventions on educational, social, behavioral, and mental health outcomes in students with autism spectrum disorder in tertiary education. Introduction: This systematic review will inform a new guideline on support for students with autism spectrum disorder in the tertiary education environment. These students face multiple educational, behavioral, social, and health-related problems that require effective interventions. Inclusion criteria: Participants are students with autism spectrum disorder in a tertiary education study program. Educational and psychological interventions will be included, such as accommodations, meta-cognitive and selfregulation training, psychological counseling, social skills training, and peer-mentoring/academic coaching. The comparator will be standard care. The study outcomes will include academic drop-out rates and evaluations, learning skills, social skills and social engagement, behavior, mental health (including anxiety, stress, and depression), and employment after graduation. This review will consider quantitative studies only. Methods: A 3-step search strategy will be used to find both published and unpublished studies in MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, SocINDEX, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Open Dissertations, ERIC, WHO ICRTP, and Google Scholar. There will be no date or language limitations. All stages of article screening, critical appraisal, and data extraction will be conducted by 2 independent reviewers with the resolution of any disagreements done via consensus or through a senior reviewer. If possible, the included studies will be pooled using meta-analysis. The degree of certainty of the evidence will be assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Jiří Kantor, Jiaoli Li, Jian Du, Zuzana Svobodová, Miloslav Klugar, Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr, David Hampton, Monika Smolíková, Lucia Kantorová, Jana Marečková, Daniela Zmeškalová, Zachary Mun

Label-free multiphoton microscopy reveals relevant tissue changes induced by alginate hydrogel implantation in rat spinal cord injury

The development of therapies promoting recovery after spinal cord injury is a challenge. Alginate hydrogels offer the possibility to develop biocompatible implants with mechanical properties tailored to the nervous tissue, which could provide a permissive environment for tissue repair. Here, the effects of non-functionalized soft calcium alginate hydrogel were investigated in a rat model of thoracic spinal cord hemisection and compared to lesioned untreated controls. Open field locomotion tests were employed to evaluate functional recovery. Tissue analysis was performed with label-free multiphoton microscopy using a multimodal approach that combines coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to visualize axonal structures, two-photon fluorescence to visualize inflammation, second harmonic generation to visualize collagenous scarring. Treated animals recovered hindlimb function significantly better than controls. Multiphoton microscopy revealed that the implant influenced the injury-induced tissue response, leading to decreased inflammation, reduced scarring with different morphology and increased presence of axons. Demyelination of contralateral white matter near the lesion was prevented. Reduced chronic inflammation and increased amount of axons in the lesion correlated with improved hindlimb functions, being thus relevant for locomotion recovery. In conclusion, non-functionalized hydrogel improved functional outcome after spinal cord injury in rats. Furthermore, label-free multiphoton microscopy qualified as suitable technique for regeneration studies

Single-cell roadmap of human gonadal development.

Gonadal development is a complex process that involves sex determination followed by divergent maturation into either testes or ovaries1. Historically, limited tissue accessibility, a lack of reliable in vitro models and critical differences between humans and mice have hampered our knowledge of human gonadogenesis, despite its importance in gonadal conditions and infertility. Here, we generated a comprehensive map of first- and second-trimester human gonads using a combination of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility assays and fluorescent microscopy. We extracted human-specific regulatory programmes that control the development of germline and somatic cell lineages by profiling equivalent developmental stages in mice. In both species, we define the somatic cell states present at the time of sex specification, including the bipotent early supporting population that, in males, upregulates the testis-determining factor SRY and sPAX8s, a gonadal lineage located at the gonadal-mesonephric interface. In females, we resolve the cellular and molecular events that give rise to the first and second waves of granulosa cells that compartmentalize the developing ovary to modulate germ cell differentiation. In males, we identify human SIGLEC15+ and TREM2+ fetal testicular macrophages, which signal to somatic cells outside and inside the developing testis cords, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive spatiotemporal map of human and mouse gonadal differentiation, which can guide in vitro gonadogenesis

Sexually dimorphic facial features vary according to level of autistic-like traits in the general population

© 2015 Gilani et al.; licensee BioMed Central. Background: In a recent study, Bejerot et al. observed that several physical features (including faces) of individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were more androgynous than those of their typically developed counterparts, suggesting that ASD may be understood as a 'gender defiant' disorder. These findings are difficult to reconcile with the hypermasculinisation account, which proposes that ASD may be an exaggerated form of cognitive and biological masculinity. The current study extended these data by first identifying six facial features that best distinguished males and females from the general population and then examining these features in typically developing groups selected for high and low levels of autistic-like traits. Methods: In study 1, three-dimensional (3D) facial images were collected from 208 young adult males and females recruited from the general population. Twenty-three facial distances were measured from these images and a gender classification and scoring algorithm was employed to identify a set of six facial features that most effectively distinguished male from female faces. In study 2, measurements of these six features were compared for groups of young adults selected for high (n = 46) or low (n = 66) levels of autistic-like traits. Results: For each sex, four of the six sexually dimorphic facial distances significantly differentiated participants with high levels of autistic-like traits from those with low trait levels. All four features were less masculinised for high-trait males compared to low-trait males. Three of four features were less feminised for high-trait females compared to low-trait females. One feature was, however, not consistent with the general pattern of findings and was more feminised among females who reported more autistic-like traits. Based on the four significantly different facial distances for each sex, discriminant function analysis correctly classified 89.7% of the males and 88.9% of the females into their respective high- and low-trait groups. Conclusions: The current data provide support for Bejerot et al.'s androgyny account since males and females with high levels of autistic-like traits generally showed less sex-typical facial features than individuals with low levels of autistic-like traits