Comparison between in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of Curcuma zedoaria from Malaysia

The antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Curcuma zedoaria from Malaysia was compared using in vitro and in vivo systems. The comparison was performed against four bacterial strains including two gram negative strains (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two gram positive strains (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar well diffusion method. Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol were used as solvents for preparing the plant extracts. Growth hormones namely indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) were used in the in vitro system separately between the range of 0.25 and 3.5 mg/l for IBA and 0.5 and 4 mg/l for BAP and a mix formula containing both hormones using the best ranges after rapid tests. The results showed that the in vitro system was more capable of inhibiting S. aureus growth compared with in vivo system on the agar plate. P. aeruginosa and E. coli growth were only inhibited by the in vitro system on the agar plate, while B. cereus was the only strain in the in vivo system which produced higher inhibition zone on the agar plate against its growth compared with the in vitro system.Key words: Curcuma zedoaria, antibacterial activity

Cultural Hurdles and Family Restrictions on Female Political Participation Among Representatives to the Union Parishads of Bangladesh

The aim of the study was to investigate cultural hurdles and family restrictions on female political participation among representatives to the Union Parishads of Bangladesh. A questionnaire was completed by 680 representatives from 128 Union Parishads, the rural local governance, of Bangladesh (347 females, 333 males).  The mean age was 42.6 years (SD = 6.4) for females and 43.9 (SD = 6.2) for males. A questionnaire was constructed for measuring political participation, experiences of females and observations by males regarding cultural hurdles and family restrictions on female political participation. The amount of both cultural hurdles and family restrictions experienced by female representatives were significantly higher than the amounts their male colleagues had observed. Women with low levels of political participation had experienced high levels of cultural hurdles and low levels of family restrictions. Women with high levels of political participation experienced low levels of cultural hurdles and high levels of family restrictions. For females, age correlated negatively with cultural hurdles but not with family restrictions. Female political participation in the Union Parishads of Bangladesh is hampered by both cultural hurdles and family restrictions. Male colleagues did not observe the full amount of hurdles that females experienced

New Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and Phenoxy-phenyl-naphthoquinone Compounds as Drug-resistant Antimalarials

Presenter: Benjamin Sawyerhttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2021/1010/thumbnail.jp