Failure Rate Computations Based on Mariner Mars 1964 Spacecraft Data

Mariner Mars 1964 failure rates computed for use in reliability predictions and cost allocation

Can Effects of Dark Matter be Explained by the Turbulent Flow of Spacetime?

For the past forty years the search for dark matter has been one of the primary foci of astrophysics, although there has yet to be any direct evidence for its existence (Porter et al. 2011). Indirect evidence for the existence of dark matter is largely rooted in the rotational speeds of stars within their host galaxies, where, instead of having a ~ r^1/2 radial dependence, stars appear to have orbital speeds independent of their distance from the galactic center, which led to proposed existence of dark matter (Porter et al. 2011; Peebles 1993). We propose an alternate explanation for the observed stellar motions within galaxies, combining the standard treatment of a fluid-like spacetime with the possibility of a "bulk flow" of mass through the Universe. The differential "flow" of spacetime could generate vorticies capable of providing the "perceived" rotational speeds in excess of those predicted by Newtonian mechanics. Although a more detailed analysis of our theory is forthcoming, we find a crude "order of magnitude" calculation can explain this phenomena. We also find that this can be used to explain the graviational lensing observed around globular clusters like "Bullet Cluster".Comment: 5 pages, Accepted for publication in Journal of Modern Physics: Gravitation and Cosmology (Sept. 2012

The use of isotopic carbon in a study of the metabolism of anthanilic acid in Neurospora

The finding by Tatum, Banner, and Beadle (l), that the tryptophanless Neurospora mutant strain 10575 accumulates anthranilic acid, which in turn can be utilized for growth of strain 40008, has provided evidence that anthranilic acid is a biochemical precursor of tryptophan in this organism. It has been further established that indole is an intermediate in this conversion (2-5). More recent work with a number of mutants of Neurospora (6-8) has established that tryptophan is a biochemical precursor to niacin with kynurenine and hydroxyanthranilic acid as intermediates. The accumulated evidence has indicated the existence in the mold of the following series of reactions: → Anthranilic acid → indole → tryptophan → kynurenine → 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid → nicotinic acid In the light of this evidence the present work was undertaken to trace the carbon in the carboxyl group of anthranilic acid in order to estimate its contribution as a structural unit in the formation of niacin and tryptophan. The organism chosen for this investigation was a biochemical mutant strain of Neurospora designated as strain 40008. This mutant utilizes anthranilic acid, indole, or tryptophan for growth. The mutant was grown in the presence of anthranilic acid containing Cl4 in the carboxyl group. Niacin and tryptophan were isolated from the mold mycelium and tested for radioactivity

Specsim: The MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer Simulator

MIRI, the Mid-InfraRed Instrument, is one of four instruments being built for the James Webb Space Telescope, and is developed jointly between an EuropeanConsortium and the US. In this paper we present a software data simulator for one of MIRI's four instruments: the Integral Field Unit (IFU) Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MIRI-MRS), the first mid-infrared IFU spectrograph, and one of the first IFUs to be used in a space mission. To give the MIRI community a preview of the properties of the MIRI-MRS data products before the telescope is operational, the Specsim tool has been developed to model, in software, the operation of the spectrometer. Specsim generates synthetic data frames approximating those which will be taken by the instrument in orbit. The program models astronomical sources and generates detector frames using the predicted and measured optical properties of the telescope and MIRI. These frames can then be used to illustrate and inform a range of operational activities, including data calibration strategies and the development and testing of the data reduction software for the MIRI-MRS. Specsim will serve as a means of communication between the many consortium members by providing a way to easily illustrate the performance of the spectrometer under different circumstances, tolerances of components and design scenarios.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; A high resolution version is available at http://www.roe.ac.uk/~npfl/Publications/lgw+06.ps.gz (Changed URL of high-res version

γ∗NΔ\gamma^{*}N\Delta Form Factors from a Relativistic Dynamical Model of Pion Electroproduction

We obtain the electromagnetic form factors of the $\gamma N\Delta$ transition by analyzing recent pion-electroproduction data using a fully relativistic dynamical model. Special care is taken to satisfy Ward-Takahashi identities for the Born term in the presence of form factors thereby allowing the use of realistic electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon and pion. We parametrize the $Q^2$ dependence of the {\it bare} $\gamma N \Delta$ form factors by a three-parameter form which is consistent with the asymptotic behavior inferred from QCD. The parameters of the bare $\gamma N \Delta$ form factors are the only free parameters of the model and are fitted to the differential cross-section and multipole-analysis data up to $Q^2=4$ (GeV/c)$^2$ in the $\Delta(1232)$-resonance region. This analysis emphasizes the significance of the pion-cloud effects in the extraction of the resonance parameters.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, several small corrections, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Cutting Curing and Canning Pork

Much of the meat butchered on farms for home use spoils before it can be eaten. Furthermore, much of it that does not spoil is so well cured that it is too salty to eat without first being soaked or par-boiled. This is due largely to lack of knowledge of good methods and practices that make for safety in both curing and canning. Most farmers make it a practice to cure and can their summer meat supply during the fall or winter. Both the farmer and his wife take an active interest in providing and preparing this supply of meat for summer use, both realizing that a balanced diet must include meat in some form. Then too, the farmer is entitled to use some of the good products on his own table and the meat animals rank among his best. With these conditions in mind, this circular is prepared to point out certain definite methods of cutting, curing, and canning which have proved successful both on farm and in the South Dakota State College abattoir

Conductances, transference numbers, and activity coefficients of chlorides of some high atomic rare earths in aqueous solution

The conductances, transference numbers, and activity coefficients of lanthanum chloride, samaric chloride, europic chloride, and ytterbic chloride were determined in order to test the present theories of electrolytic solutions as well as to make available accurate data on these useful properties for the above rare earth chlorides