13,717 research outputs found
Kualiti dan keberkesanan bimbingan manasik bagi jemaah haji Daerah Bintan Kepulauan Riau Indonesia
Ibadah haji merupakan rukun kelima dalam rukun Islam yang menjadi kewajiban keatas umat Islam yang mampu mengerjakannya. Namun, didapati sebahagian dari
bakal jemaah tidak dapat memahami modul bimbingan akibat dari pada tenaga pengajar yang kurang berkelayakan. Oleh itu kajian ini adalah untuk menilai sistem
bimbingan yang berkesan untuk jemaah haji dan mencadangkan kerangka bimbingan
yang berkualiti dan berkesan. Kajian ini merupakan reka bentuk Exploratory
sequential iaitu reka bentuk pembangunan instrument dan kerangka. Tujuan reka bentuk ini adalah untuk meramalkan penemuan kualitatif kepada sampel yang lebih besar.Ia mendapatkan 8 orang pakar temu bual dan 120 orang responden. Hasil kajian
menunjuk sistem bimbingan manasik haji sedia ada berada pada tahap sederhana. Kajian ini telah mencadangkan satu kerangka bimbingan yang berkualiti dan berkesan
bagi memastikan ibadah haji tersebut mencapai matlamat yang ditetapkan syariat. Implikasi kajian menunjukkan kerangka bimbingan manasik haji yang dihasilkan
dapat membantu kepada pembimbing manasik dan bakal jemaah dalam meningkatkan
tahap kefahaman dalam melaksanakan ibadah ini
Studying the Dynamical Properties of 20 Nearby Galaxy Clusters
Using SDSS-DR7, we construct a sample of 42382 galaxies with redshifts in the
region of 20 galaxy clusters. Using two successive iterative methods, the
adaptive kernel method and the spherical infall model, we obtained 3396
galaxies as members belonging to the studied sample. The 2D projected map for
the distribution of the clusters members is introduced using the 2D adaptive
kernel method to get the clusters centers. The cumulative surface number
density profile for each cluster is fitted well with the generalized King
model. The core radii of the clusters' sample are found to vary from 0.18 Mpc
\mbox{h}^{-1} (A1459) to 0.47 Mpc \mbox{h}^{-1} (A2670) with mean value of
0.295 Mpc \mbox{h}^{-1}.
The infall velocity profile is determined using two different models, Yahil
approximation and Praton model. Yahil approximation is matched with the
distribution of galaxies only in the outskirts (infall regions) of many
clusters of the sample, while it is not matched with the distribution within
the inner core of the clusters. Both Yahil approximation and Praton model are
matched together in the infall region for about 9 clusters in the sample but
they are completely unmatched for the clusters characterized by high central
density. For these cluster, Yahil approximation is not matched with the
distribution of galaxies, while Praton model can describe well the infall
pattern of such clusters.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
Green tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide: derivatisation, reduction efficiency, reduction mechanism and cytotoxicity
This paper reports on the derivatisation, reduction efficiency, reduction mechanism and cytotoxicity of green tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (GTP-RGO). The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) at 90°C using a weight ratio (WR) of GTP/GO=1 resulted in the production of a stable GTP-RGO dispersion in aqueous media, as indicated by the results of ultravioletvisible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the measurement of zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility. In addition, the results from UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated the comparable reduction ability of GTP relative to the standard reducing agent, hydrazine (N2H4). The removal mechanism of epoxy group from GO via reduction reaction with GTP was investigated by implementing hybrid functional method of Becke-3-parameters-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP)using Gaussian 09 software. The energy and frequency calculations showed that the GO reduction using GTP was more spontaneous and relatively took place faster than the reduction using N2H4, as evidenced by higher entropy change (ΔS) (0.039 kcal/mol·K) and lower Gibbs free energy (ΔG) barrier (58.880 kcal/mol).The cytotoxicities of GO and GTP-RGO samples were evaluated against human colonic fibroblasts cells (CCD-18Co). The GO sample was determined to be toxic even at low concentration (6.25 μg/mL), while the GTP-RGO sample possesses notably low toxicity at the same concentration. The cell culture experiments revealed that the incorporation of GTP led to a decrease in the toxicity of GTP-RGO samples
Nonparametric Predictive Inference for System Failure Time
This thesis presents the use of signatures within nonparametric predictive inference
(NPI) for the failure time of a coherent system with a single type of components,
given failure times of tested components that are exchangeable with those in the
system. NPI is based on few modelling assumptions and here leads to lower and
upper survival functions. We also illustrate comparison of reliability of two systems,
by directly considering the random failure times of the systems. This includes
explicit consideration of the difference between failure times of two systems. In
this method we assume that the signature is precisely known. In addition, we show
how bounds for these lower and upper survival functions can be derived based on
limited information about the system structure, which can reduce computational
effort substantially for specific inferential questions. It is illustrated how one can
base reliability inferences on a partially known signature, assuming that bounds for
the probabilities in the signature are available. As a further step in the development
of NPI, we present the use of survival signatures within NPI for the failure time of
a coherent system which consists of different types of components. It is assumed
that, for each type of component, additional components which are exchangeable
with those in the system have been tested and their failure times are available.
Throughout this thesis we assume that the system is coherent, we start with a
system consisting of a single type of components, then we extend for a system
consisting of different types of components
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