PERCEPTION OF THE BEHAVIORS OF THE COACHES OF FOOTBALL, VOLLEYBALL AND BASKETBALL PLAYERS

The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of the amateur football, volleyball, and basketball players and their coaches’ behaviour towards them. 100 amateur football, 60 volleyball and 62 basketball players that filled recognition survey fully are included to the study. Turkish version of Coach Behavior Rating Scale was used. One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and LSD (Least Significant Difference) tests were used for statically processing. There is no significant difference found in evaluation of coach behavior of football, volleyball, and basketball players in terms of personal rapport from subscales (p>0.05). A significant difference has been revealed in the sum of scale in physical training and goal setting at p<0.05 level and technical skills, mental preparation, competition strategies, negative personal rapport, and scale total score behavior of coach at p<0.001 level. There were differences according to branches. Technical skills and competition strategies have been found in volleyball more high from amateur football and basketball players. Negative personal rapport has been found in amateur footballers lower from volleyball and basketball players. Differences have been found in detection levels of amateur footballers, volleyball, and basketball players for coaches’ behaviour against them. A very useful outcome would be for a coach to produce a “Personal Improvement Behaviors” and set goals for the next of behaviours. According to branches, the reasons of differences in detection levels of coaches’ behaviors should be determined and eliminated.  Article visualizations

INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF SPORT AND ART EDUCATION ON BODY IMAGE

The purpose of this study is determining body image in individuals with sports and fine arts education. 137 male and 120 female, total of 257, sports and fine arts students were participated in the study. Body-Cathexis Scale (BCS) were used. Independent Samples t- test was used for statically processing. Body Image score according to gender found at male 77.96 and female 80.12. Body Image score found at sports students 74.05 and fine arts students 84.03. There was a significant no difference in between sports students and fine arts students in Body Image Score (p>0.05) in gender. There was a significant difference in between sports faculty and fine arts faculty according male and female students in Body Image Score at p<0.001 level. Female students are according male students under greater risk regarding the body image. Body image points were more positively at student of sports than student of fine art. It is thought that sport education affects body image more positively than fine arts education. Getting with sports education could contribute to a positive body image levels

Effects of Multiple Sprint Test on Average Speed and Exercise Heart Rate in Amateur Soccer Players

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of multiple sprints on average speed and exercise heart rate of U18 female and U18 male amateur soccer players. In this study, totally 42 amateur soccer players including U18 (n= 21) and U18 (n=21) players performed 7 repetitive sprints of 34.2 meters with a 25 seconds jog of 50 meters distance. During exercise and recovery period, heart rate per minute was recorded by Polar Heart Rate Telemetry. In statistical analyzes, t-tests were used in two groups comparisons, while the effects of other variables on average speed and cardiovascular parameters were determined by two way analyzes of variance.Results of this study, U18 male players’ average speed of 5.14 m/ sec is higher than the U18 female players’ average speed of 4.62 m/sec. The physical characteristics of U18 male and U18 female amateur soccer players were different in favors of the U18 male players, and that gender was significantly effective on the average speed rather than the number of sprints.  Heart rate per minute has continually increased in different characteristics at the start, finish and recovery periods of the sprints until the finish of the seventh sprint in both amateur U18 male and U18 female. It found increase in the Sprint time were as follows; U18 female 0.40 sec and U18 male 0.20 second. Decrease in the average speed was U18 female 0.28 sec., and U18 male 0.15 second.Conclusion, in multiple speed tests, maximum and average speed of the U18 amateur female and male soccer players, the decrease rate in their speed and their cardiovascular responses show differences. In U18 Amateur, males seem to be faster and have the ability of keeping speed at a high level, and the ability of intensity and recovery in maximal level in a short time than the females.  In the Bangsbo test, the recovery time in men should be less than 25 seconds

Posterior pole asymmetry analysis and retinal thickness measurements in young relatives of glaucoma patients

The presence of a family history of glaucoma is a known risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in middle-aged and older individuals. In this study, our aim was to demonstrate possible early glaucomatous alterations in young first- and second-degree relatives of POAG patients by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A total of 104 participants (52 relatives of POAG patients and 52 healthy individuals) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All the participants were between 17 years and 45 years of age. All eyes underwent testing with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, hemifield macular thickness, macular ganglion cell complex thickness, posterior pole asymmetry analysis, and retinal arteriolar caliber measurements were taken for comparison between the study and control groups. The mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 104.9 ± 8.8 μm in the study group and 105.6 ± 7.4 μm in the control group (p = 0.68). Although whole macular thickness measurements were higher in the control group when compared with the study group (p = 0.008), the macular ganglion cell complex thickness was similar in both groups (p = 0.87). The posterior pole asymmetry analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in the aspect of consecutive black squares (p = 0.79). The mean retinal arteriolar caliber was 85.9 ± 4.8 μm in the study group and 86.0 ± 5.0 μm in the control group (p = 0.90). In conclusion, young relatives of POAG patients do not show characteristic glaucomatous damage when compared with the controls. © 2015, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved

Macrofungal diversity of Bolu Abant Nature Park (Turkey)

This study was based on materials of macrofungi collected from Bolu Abant Nature Park between 2008 and 2009. As a result of field and laboratory studies, 103 taxa belonging to 34 families were identified. Five (5) taxa belong to Ascomycota and 98 to Basidiomycota

Exploring the Effects of EFQM Excellence Model on the Process of Intrapreneurship: A Research from Turkey

The innovation process requires intrapreneurial behaviors of employees concerning stages of idea conception, development, implementation and integration. All organizations should apply and follow a suitable excellence model which leads them toward innovative behaviors. One of the methods for creating an innovative culture in the organizations is the EFQM Excellence Model. The purpose of this study is to explore how the applications of EFQM Excellence Model influence on the intrapreneurship behaviors of the employees. A comperative analysis (one-way analysis of variance) was conducted with 275 teachers from three schools one of which achieved Recognized for Excellence 5-Star to find the answer of the research question. The results showed that the innovativeness, proactiveness, risk taking, autonomy and networking dimensions of the intrapreneurship behaviors are higher in the school using EFQM Excellence Model. Thus this paper indicates that the eight basic rules of excellence applications of EFQM Excellence Model make a positive impact on the intrapreneurship behaviors of the employees

An augmented lagrangian method for sparse SAR imaging

In this paper, we present a solution to the constrained l1-norm minimization problem for sparse SAR imaging. The technique we present relies on recent advances in the solution of optimization problems, based on Augmented Lagrangian Methods (ALMs), namely the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers. Here, we present an application of C-SALSA (an ALM for constrained optimization problems) to SAR imaging, and introduce a new weighting scheme to improve the sparsity of the reconstructions. We then compare the performances of several techniques to understand the effectiveness of ALMs in the context of SAR imaging

THE EFFECT OF SPORTS EDUCATION ON BODY IMAGE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENT ATHLETES

In this study, it was aimed to determine whether the body image of the university student athletes changes according to gender, sports branch and sports education status. Body Perception Scale filled by a total of 540 people, 227 males and 313 females. T-test, one-way analysis of variance and LSD tests were used in statistical processes. A statistically significant difference was found between body Image scores of men and women according to gender (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between total body image scores according to Body Mass Index (p < 0.05). The scores of the groups with low and high body mass index were found to be higher than the groups with Body Mass Index between 20-25 kg/m2. Body image scores of university student athletes who did not receive sports training were found to be statistically higher than individual athletes and team athletes who received sports education (p < 0.001). In conclusion, in university student athletes, women are worse than men, and those whose body mass index is below normal and higher than normal are less satisfied with their bodies than normal ones. In addition, university students who take sports education have better body image scores. It can be said that sports education has a positive effect on body image score. It is recommended that university student athletes who do not have sports education should be given courses and seminars for sports education. Article visualizations

Feynman-Schwinger representation approach to nonperturbative physics

The Feynman-Schwinger representation provides a convenient framework for the cal culation of nonperturbative propagators. In this paper we first investigate an analytically solvable case, namely the scalar QED in 0+1 dimension. With this toy model we illustrate how the formalism works. The analytic result for the self energy is compared with the perturbative result. Next, using a $\chi^2\phi$ interaction, we discuss the regularization of various divergences encountered in this formalism. The ultraviolet divergence, which is common in standard perturbative field theory applications, is removed by using a Pauli-Villars regularization. We show that the divergence associated with large values of Feynman-Schwinger parameter $s$ is spurious and it can be avoided by using an imaginary Feynman parameter $is$.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, minor correctio

An augmented Lagrangian method for autofocused compressed SAR imaging

We present an autofocus algorithm for Compressed SAR Imaging. The technique estimates and corrects for 1-D phase errors in the phase history domain, based on prior knowledge that the reflectivity field is sparse, as in the case of strong scatterers against a weakly-scattering background. The algorithm relies on the Sparsity Driven Autofocus (SDA) method and Augmented Lagrangian Methods (ALM), particularly Alternating Directions Method of Multipliers (ADMM). In particular, we propose an ADMM-based algorithm that we call Autofocusing Iteratively Re-Weighted Augmented Lagrangian Method (AIRWALM) to solve a constrained formulation of the sparsity driven autofocus problem with an ℓp-norm, p ≤ 1 cost function. We then compare the performance of the proposed algorithm's performance to Phase Gradient Autofocus (PGA) and SDA [2] in terms of autofocusing capability, phase error correction, and computation time