Multiplication Semigroups on Banach Function Spaces

In this paper we characterize multiplication operators induced by operator valued maps on Banach function spaces. We also study multiplication semigroups and stability of these operators.Comment: We want to withdraw the paper due to the paper needs a careful revision and some proper citations are to be provided. Also there are certain gaps in the results which need to be taken car

Formulasi Strategi Bersaing PT. Santoso Kencana Sakti

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan strategi bersaing yang tepat untuk Perusahaan PT. Santoso Kencana Sakti yang bergerak di bidang transportasi bis dalam menghadapi persaingan yang terjadi. Penelitian bersifat kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dengan purposive sampling dalam menentukan informan. Penelitian ini menganalisa lingkungan internal, lingkungan eksternal melalui Porter's five forces dan PEST dengan menggunakan SWOT, agar didapatkan beberapa alternative strategi bersaing untuk PT. Santoso Kencana Sakti. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa strategi yang disarankan untuk PT. Santoso Kencana Sakti adalah dengan melakukan strategi intensif penetrasi pasar dan strategi intensif pengembangan pasar

Kawasaki disease: An unusual presentation in a 14-year old boy in Sokoto, north western Nigeria

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that mostly affects children less than 5years. Occasionally, it may presents with renal  involvement of varying severity. In Nigeria and most of Africa, only a few cases of KD have been reported and these were among children withinthe typical age group. We report an unusual case of Kawasaki disease with renal manifestation in a 14 year old adolescent. Apart from the principalfeatures of KD comprising of high grade fever, non purulent conjunctivitis, polymorphous rash, right sided cervical lymphadenitis and symmetrical desquamative lesions of the digits of the hands and feet; our patient also had renal involvement. The renal manifestations included mild periorbitaledema, oliguria, hypertension (140/90mmHg), hematuria(++), proteinuria(++) and elevated serum urea and creatinine (8.3mmol/L and 1.9mg/dl respectively). He was managed with high dose aspirin at  80mg/kg/day. The dose was reduced (5mg/Kg/day) and subsequently stopped after serial echocardiography showed normal coronary arteries. Intravenous immune globuline (IVIG) could not be started due to nonavailability. Nevertheless, clinical signs resolved, renal function normalisedafter 6 weeks and echocardiographic picture did not deteriorate. Patient is currently on follow up at the paediatric cardiology clinic of UDUTH, Sokoto, Nigeria..Conclusion: Kawasaki disease can occur even in older children and renal manifestation may be self limiting. This report highlights the need for high index of suspicion in all cases.Key words: Kawasaki disease, renal involvement, Adolescent, Sokoto, North-western Nigeria

Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used traditionally in the treatment of mental disorders in Kano, Nigeria

Purpose: To identify medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to treat mental disorders within Kano metropolis, Nigeria.Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was administered. It was made up of demographic information (Section A), description of the medicinal plants (Section B), and the professional experience of the respondents (Section C). The data generated were recorded, processed and analyzed.Results: 255 responses were collected from 127 respondents. Among the participants, 101 (79 %) were male and 26 (21 %) were female. The age groups less than 31 years were 22 (17 %), 31 - 40 years were 29 (23 %), 41 - 50 years were 45 (36 %), and above 51 years were 31 (24 %). The sources of knowledge identified include ancestral (83 %), ancestral/training (9 %), training (6 %), and divination (2 %). Out of the total responses, fifty (50) different medicinal plants with various claims in the treatment of mental disorders were reported. The most commonly stated medicinal plants were Securidaca longepedunculata (8.6 %), Jatropha curcas (7.5 %), Solanum aethiopicum (7.1 %), Artemesia annua (6.7 %), Terminalia macroptera (6.3 %), Aristolochia albida (5.9 %), Nigella sativa (5.5 %), Andira inermis (5.5 %), Calotropis procera (5.1 %), and Burkea africana (4.7 %).Conclusion: This survey revealed fifty medicinal plants used traditionally in the treatment of mental disorders within Kano metropolis

Hubungan Antara Citra Diri Dengan Intensi Membeli Produk Fashion Bermerek Tiruan Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Fakultas Ekonomika Dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan antara citra diri dengan intensi membeli produk fashion bermerek tiruan pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro. Citra diri adalah penilaian seseorang terhadap segala hal yang berkaitan dengan dirinya meliputi penampilan (fisik), psikologi, sosial akan kondisinya saat ini atau pun kondisi yang dicita-citakan sebagai hasil pengalaman. Intensi membeli produk fashion tiruan bermerek adalah keinginan, niat seseorang untuk melakukan pembelian produk fashion (baju, tas, sepatu, aksesoris) bermerek tiruan (KW) tertentu dalam rangka untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginannya.Jumlah populasi penelitian 600 mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan ialah 221 mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Data dianalisis mengunakan uji statistik non parametrik yaitu uji korelasi Spearman rho. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan statistik diperoleh koefisien korelasi Spearman rho (rs) sebesar -0,055 dengan nilai p= 0,413 (p > 0,05) yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara citra diri dengan intensi membeli produk fashion bermerek tiruan pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients attending dermatology outpatient clinics at Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital (BDTH), Kaduna State University, Nigeria

Although psychiatric disorders are frequent among dermatological patients, a few studies have formally assessed the performance of any psychiatric screening questionnaire in dermatological practice. This study tested the ability of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to identify psychiatric morbidity in dermatological patients. A sample of 125 outpatients attending dermatology clinics at Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital (BDTH) Kaduna Nigeria, completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, a GHQ-12 and were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) by a trained mental health professional. Patients that scored “two” and above on GHQ-12 were selected for the stage two interview. Out of all dermatological patients who visited the health facility, 125 were recruited and consented to participate in the study giving a response rate of 100%, which makes up to 104% of the initial proposed sample size (n=120). Of the 125 participants, 48 (38.4%) were men and 76(60.8%) were women. The mean age was 27 years (SD, ±15 years; range, 18-55 years). The psychiatric morbidity was significant in our dermatological patients, thus indicating the use of GHQ 12 in assisting to formulate psychiatric interventions and possible reduction in morbidity and cost of treatment

Physico-chemical parameters of soil in some selected dumpsites in Zaria and its environs

Physico-chemical parameters of soil were found to have influence on the availability of heavy metals in plants. pH values recorded in the control site ranges from 7.8 to 9.2 indicating that all the soils studied were alkaline. The control site has a value of 7.16. The conductivity values range from 4.2 x 10-2 to 4.0x105μScm-1 . The highest conductivity value was recorded in site B, while site D had the least value. Moisture content in the 10 dumpsites studied ranged from 17.87 to 82.49%. Organic matter contents in the dumpsites ranged from 3.20 to 5.30% and are higher than values obtained for uncontaminated/control site. These higher values may be due to the aging of the dumpsites. The cation exchange capacity values ranged from 132.83(R) to 469.5(G)CmolKg-1. These values are reasonably high due to the relatively higher conductivity values obtained in the dumpsites and this may also affect the bioavailability of the heavy metals in plants. Correlation analysis revealed that pH, electrical conductivity and moisture content were negatively correlated.Keywords: Bioavailability, dumpsite, heavy metal, physico-chemical parameter, Zari

Microbial quality of some herbal solid dosage forms

Herbal remedies are widely used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases and often contain highly active pharmacological compounds. These products have the potential of contamination withdifferent microorganisms. This is due to raw materials contamination and unhygienic production conditions. In this study, microbiological quality of some herbal solid dosage forms from public markets, in the city of Sari, Iran was examined. 20 herbal products as tablet, powder and capsule wereprepared. The products were evaluated for microbial contamination by USP (United States Pharmacopoeia) microbial limit test for enumeration and identification. Total aerobic count showed that all products had more than 1100 microorganism per gram. Isolation and identification of microbialcontamination showed that all the samples were contaminated with Salmonella sp. and there was no evidence for contamination of the samples by Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. In conclusion, all the samples of herbal drugs evaluated did not generally meet the standards for microbial limits as specified in official monographs. Such products can adversely affect health status of consumers as well as the stability of the products

Left Ventricular Thrombus among patients undergoing Transthoracic Echocardiography in a north - western Nigerian tertiary health institution

Objective: Left Ventricular Thrombus (LVT) is a well recognized complication of various cardiac conditions, particularly following an acute anterior myocardial infarction and in those with systolic congestive heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) remains the most common imaging modality to make the diagnosis of LVT. This study aims to determine the prevalence and aetiology of LVT among patients undergoing echocardiography in our centre.Methods: We reviewed echocardiographic reports and case notes of 1012 patients aged ≥ 15 years, who had echocardiogram between September 2011 and August 2014 (3 years). The reports and case notes were reviewed for demographic parameters, indications for the procedure, main echocardiographic diagnoses, presence of LVT and the presence of associated thrombo-embolic complication. Mean±SD were derived for continuous variables and comparison was made using students't- test. Results: The mean age of the 1,012 individuals studied was 41.28±16.25 years. There were 330 males and 682 females. 861(85.1%) had abnormal echocardiography out of which 79 (9.2%) had LVT. The highest prevalence of 61(77.2%) was observed in patients with Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), followed by Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) 10 (12.7%). Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) accounted for 4 (5.1%) while Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and Myocardial infarction (MI) accounted for 2 (2.5%) each.Conclusion: LVT is common among patients undergoing echocardiography with PPCM being the most common underlying aetiology, followed by DCM.Keywords: Prevalence, Aetiology, Left Ventricular Thrombus, Echocardiograph