Overview of resource and turbine modelling in the Tidal Stream Industry Energiser Project: TIGER

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from EWTEC via the DOI in this recordTidal energy projects require numerical modelling for the assessment of tidal site conditions and turbine/array performance. The Interreg TIGER project has offered a unique opportunity to implement a wide range of numerical models. This paper provides an overview and comparison of the different numerical models developed by academic partners in the TIGER project. The models cover a variety of spatial and temporal scales. The largest scale models provide long-term climatic studies covering the entire English Channel region, at relatively low resolution, whilst the highest-resolution models provide detailed information about short-term and small-scale turbulent flow and its interaction with tidal turbines. The models are used for various purposes. At one end of the scale, the models have been used to inform the large-scale techno-economic assessment of tidal energy and its impact on the energy mix in the UK and France. At the other end of the scale, the numerical models provide information that feeds into detailed engineering design of tidal turbines at particular sites, and assessment of the energy yield. The models showcase the range of computational tools available to aid the development of the tidal energy industry. This paper will be useful for investors, technology developers and project stakeholders to help identify suitable numerical models to support and develop ongoing and future tidal stream projects.European Regional Development Fund (ERDF

TiO2 waveguides thin films prepared by sol-gel method on glass substrates with and without ZnO underlayer

TiO2 thin films have been deposited on glass substrates with and without ZnO underlayer by sol-gel dip coating process. XRD patterns show the formation of anatase phase with the diffraction lines (1 0 1) and (2 0 0) in TiO2/glass sample. In TiO2/(ZnO/glass) sample, TiO2 is composed of anatase phase with the diffraction line (2 0 0) but the diffraction peaks of ZnO wurtzite are also well-defined. The determination of the refractive index and the thickness of the waveguiding layers has been performed by m-lines spectroscopy. The thickness of TiO2 thin films deduced by Rutheford Backscattering Geometry (RBS) agrees well with that obtained by m-lines spectroscopy. TiO2/glass sample exhibits one guided TE0 and TM0 polarized modes. In TiO2/(ZnO/glass) sample, only, TE0 single mode has been excited due to cutoff condition