1,201 research outputs found
Saari's homographic conjecture for planar equal-mass three-body problem in Newton gravity
Saari's homographic conjecture in N-body problem under the Newton gravity is
the following; configurational measure \mu=\sqrt{I}U, which is the product of
square root of the moment of inertia I=(\sum m_k)^{-1}\sum m_i m_j r_{ij}^2 and
the potential function U=\sum m_i m_j/r_{ij}, is constant if and only if the
motion is homographic. Where m_k represents mass of body k and r_{ij}
represents distance between bodies i and j. We prove this conjecture for planar
equal-mass three-body problem.
In this work, we use three sets of shape variables. In the first step, we use
\zeta=3q_3/(2(q_2-q_1)) where q_k \in \mathbb{C} represents position of body k.
Using r_1=r_{23}/r_{12} and r_2=r_{31}/r_{12} in intermediate step, we finally
use \mu itself and \rho=I^{3/2}/(r_{12}r_{23}r_{31}). The shape variables \mu
and \rho make our proof simple
Various Doping Concentration Effect on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Phase Modulator
This paper reports the effect of doping
concentration to the electrical characteristic performance of the
phase modulator in the carrier injection mode at wavelength
1.55μm. The phase modulator device has been integrated in the
silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide with the p-i-n diode
structure. The electrical device performance is predicted using
the 2-D semiconductor package SILVACO (CAD) software
under DC operation. The least doping concentration of p+ and
n+ region produces the least change of refractive index of the
modulator. Meanwhile, results show that by increasing the
doping concentrations, the value of I decreases. This means that
the phase modulator performance is better with increased doping
concentrations
Phase modulator based on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) rib waveguide
This paper presents the study of electrical
characteristic of phase modulator in the carrier injection mode.
The phase modulator device has been integrated in the silicon-oninsulator
(SOI) rib waveguide by using the p-i-n diode structure.
The electrical device performance is predicted by using the 2-D
semiconductor package SILVACO (CAD) software under DC
operation. In summary, the phase modulator device required
0.035mA drive current to get phase shift at wavelength 1.55μm
meanwhile 0.066mA drive current is required for the 1.3μm
wavelength
2x2 Optical Switch Based on Silicon-On-Insulator Microring Resonator
In near future, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonator are expected to be basic
components for wavelength filtering and switching due to their compact size and wide free spectral
range (FSR). In this paper, a 2X2 optical switch by using active microring resonator is proposed. The
switch is consists of second order serially cascaded microring coupled to a pair of waveguide. The
ON/OFF state of the design is control by electric signal which will vary the refractive index. The
device is design to operate at 1.55μm wavelength. With a 500nm x 200nm rib dimensions, the design
is proven to have single mode behaviour. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method
simulation by RSOFT software is use to characterize the device performance. The results show that
the 2X2 optical switch proposed can be an efficient device to be functioning in WDM application
Reactive oxygen species induced structural alterations of substance P
Substance P (SP1-11) was exposed to a continuous flux of superoxide (
O
2
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) or hydroxyl radicals (.OH) in a hypoxanthine (HX)/xanthine oxidase (86 mU) system in the presence of 1 mM deferoxamine and 40 mM D-mannitol or 50 μM FeCI3. 6H2O and 50 μM EDTA, respectively.
O
2
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caused fragmentation between the Phe7 and Phe8, whereas .OH induced cleavage also between the Phe8 and Gly9. Reactive oxygen species H2O2 and HCIO did not cause fragmentation, but modification of the amino acid side chains and/or aggregation with altered hydrophobicity in reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography compared to native SP1-11. Furthermore, exposure of SP1-11 to phorbol myristate acetate preactivated neutrophils resuited in products similar to those observed upon exposure to superoxide or hydroxyl radicals in a cell-free HX/xanthine oxidase system. This study suggests that, in contrast to rigid proteins, fragmentation is relatively easily induced in a small peptide like SP1-11, perhaps due to strain on the peptide and t-carbon bonds caused by the movable, random coil configuration acquired by SP1-11 in an aqueous solution. Oxidative modification might modulate paracrine actions of SP1-11 at site of inflammation
Simultaneous measurements of knee motion using an optical tracking system and radiostereometric analysis (RSA)
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